Rootstocks
Rootstock Details by Rootknot Nematode : Susceptible
Bailey
Other Names
Species
Prunus persica
Origin
Selected in Iowa about 1836
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Fair
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Poor
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Normal
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
Yes
Rootknot Nematode
Susceptible
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Unknown
Phytophthora
Susceptible
Armillaria
Susceptible
Crown Gall
Unknown
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Summary Comments
A standard rootstock for more northern peach growing areas because of good cold tolerance. However, it is susceptible to root-knot nematode and offers no advantages over Nemaguard.
References
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Controller 5
Other Names
K146-43
Species
Prunus salicina x Prunus persica
Origin
USDA, cross by David Ramming, patented in 2004
Vigor
Dwarfing
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Poor
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Unknown
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
In a NC-140 rootstock trial in a calcareous soil in Utah, this rootstock has not survived well, but the surviving trees do not show iron chlorosis.
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Advanced
Flower Timing
Normal
Flower Density
Heavy
Cold Hardiness
No
Rootknot Nematode
Susceptible
Lesion Nematode
Susceptible
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Susceptible
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Unknown
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Summary Comments
A dwarfing rootstock out of the California breeding program that survives well and is compatible with peach and nectarine with no root suckering. It can have smaller fruit size due to high crop loads (heavy flowering) and restricted water conductance (even under well irrigated conditions). It has performed poorly in root-knot, lesion and ring nematode tests (Nematode Table) and a bacterial canker field site (Bacterial Canker Report 2006).
References
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Controller 9
Other Names
P30-135
Species
Prunus salicina x Prunus persica
Origin
USDA, cross by David Ramming
Vigor
Semidwarf
Vigor Explanation
Only slightly less vigorous than Nemaguard. Makes a similar size tree, but with less water sprouts.
Waterlogging Tolerance
Unknown
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Unknown
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Normal
Flower Timing
Normal
Flower Density
Normal
Cold Hardiness
No
Rootknot Nematode
Susceptible
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Susceptible
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Unknown
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Summary Comments
Slightly dwarfing rootstock from the California breeding program that is compatible with peach and nectarine with no suckering. Trees have been productive with good fruit size. Nematode tests (Nematode Table) show root-knot and ring suseptibilty, but better resistance to lesion nematode than Nemaguard. Performed poorly in bacterial canker field site (Bacterial Canker Report 2006).
References
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Halford
Other Names
Species
Prunus persica
Origin
California processing peach selected in about 1921
Vigor
Very vigorous
Vigor Explanation
Considered equal to Nemaguard in vigor, but was significantly more vigorous in the 1984 NC-140 trial.
Waterlogging Tolerance
Fair
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Poor
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Unknown
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
No
Rootknot Nematode
Susceptible
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Partly resistant
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Unknown
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Unknown
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Seed propagated
Summary Comments
Very similar to Lovell but not currently used in California and shows no benefits over Nemaguard.
References
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Krymsk 1
Other Names
VVA 1
Species
Prunus tomentosa x Prunus cerasifera
Origin
Russia
Vigor
Dwarfing
Vigor Explanation
Generally about 50% Nemaguard
Waterlogging Tolerance
Good
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Good
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Poor
Compatibility with Plum
Good
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
In the NC-140 trials Redhaven has been used as the scion variety. Compatability has always been good in these trials. However, many other California varieties have been grafted on Krymsk 1 and many of these show signs of poor compatability. A report from Spain also indicated compatability problems with some varieties.
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Unknown
Fruit Ripening
Unknown
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
Yes
Rootknot Nematode
Susceptible
Lesion Nematode
Resistant or tolerant
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
California tests (Nematode Table) show susceptibility to root-knot but some resistance to lesion nematode.
Bacterial Canker
Susceptible
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Susceptible
Disease Explanations
Did not survive well in a bacterial canker hot spot in South Carolina
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Hardwood cuttings
Summary Comments
In the NC-140 trials, with Redhaven as the scion variety, Krymsk 1 has been very impressive - healthy looking dwarf trees with little suckering, good production and large fruit size. However, many other California varieties have been grafted on this rootstock and most produce weak trees with rolled leaves and poor graft unions.
References
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Krymsk 2
Other Names
VSV 1
Species
Prunus incana x Prunus tomentosa
Origin
Russia
Vigor
Dwarfing
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Fair
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Poor
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Poor
Compatibility with Plum
Good
Suckering
Lots
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Reported to be compatible with plum. In 2002 NC140 trial was not very compatible with Redhaven peach. Had 60 root suckers per tree in this trial.
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Unknown
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Unknown
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
Yes
Rootknot Nematode
Susceptible
Lesion Nematode
Resistant or tolerant
Ring Nematode
Unknown
Nematode Explanations
Showed susceptibility to root-knot, but resistance to lesion nematode in California tests. (Nematode Table)
Bacterial Canker
Resistant or tolerant
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Unknown
Disease Explanations
Survived well at a severe bacterial canker site in South Carolina
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Summary Comments
Performed poorly in the 2002 NC-140 trial due to excessive suckering, poor fruit size and signs of incompatibility.
References
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Krymsk 86
Other Names
Kuban 86
Species
Prunus cerasifera x Prunus persica
Origin
Russia
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Good
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Good
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Good
Suckering
Some
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Unknown
Fruit Ripening
Unknown
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
Yes
Rootknot Nematode
Susceptible
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Unknown
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Susceptible
Crown Gall
Partly resistant
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Summary Comments
Being evaluated in the 2009 NC-140 trial. After 4 years, it has survived well, looks healthy with no suckers, and makes a standard size tree. Otherwise, we have little experience with this rootstock.
References
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Lovell
Other Names
Species
Prunus persica
Origin
California, selected about 1882
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Fair
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Poor
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Good
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Normal
Flower Timing
Normal
Flower Density
Normal
Cold Hardiness
No
Rootknot Nematode
Susceptible
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Partly resistant
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Resistant or tolerant
Phytophthora
Susceptible
Armillaria
Susceptible
Crown Gall
Susceptible
Disease Explanations
One of the better rootstocks in terms of resistance to bacterial canker.
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Seed propagated
Summary Comments
Has been a standard peach rootstock for many years, but now is not widely used in California because of root-knot nematode susceptibility.
References
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Paramount
Other Names
GF 677
Species
Prunus dulcis x Prunus persica
Origin
Introduced in France by INRA
Vigor
Very vigorous
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Poor
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Good
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Showed better tolerance of calcareous soils (no iron chlorosis) than many other rootstocks tested (Acta Hort article)
Drought Tolerance
Good
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Delayed Precocity
Fruit Ripening
Delayed
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
No
Rootknot Nematode
Susceptible
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Phytophthora
Susceptible
Armillaria
Susceptible
Crown Gall
Susceptible
Disease Explanations
Also reported to be susceptible to silver leaf disease and somewhat to verticillium wilt
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Can be propagated by softwood and hardwood cuttings. Now mostly propagated by micropropagation.
Summary Comments
Has been widely used in Europe because of its tolerance to calcareous soils. However, it has many drawbacks including susceptibility to most soil pests and diseases and it does not tolerate waterlogged soils.
References
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Siberian C
Other Names
Species
Prunus persica
Origin
Ontario Canada in 1967
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Same vigor as Nemaguard in 1984 NC-140 trial
Waterlogging Tolerance
Poor
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Poor
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Normal
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
Yes
Rootknot Nematode
Susceptible
Lesion Nematode
Susceptible
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Susceptible
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Susceptible
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Summary Comments
Selected in Canada for cold hardiness, but susceptible to nematodes and soil diseases.
References
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