Artichoke
Artichokes are considered a cool season crop, but can be grown as a perennial in Santa Clara County. They require lots of sun, plenty of water, and occasional protection from frost.
Planting
- Transplant 4 feet apart in September to October.
- If growing your own seedlings, start the seeds 12 weeks before you want to plant.
- Artichoke plants reach a height of 3 to 4 feet and a spread of up to 6 feet in diameter, so allow plenty of space for them to grow. Don't plant them near tree roots, as they don't compete well for nutrients and water.
- Fertilize with nitrogen when planting. Consider side dressing with nitrogen every 3 to 4 weeks.
Growing
- Cultural tips for growing artichoke, UC IPM
- After the spring harvest, cut old stalks just below ground level. New shoots will develop and produce a fall crop.
- Video: Grow and harvest artichokes [4:10]
Harvesting
- Two crops per year can be expected. After spring harvest, cut off the old stalks just below ground. New shoots will develop and produce a fall crop.
- Each flowering stem produces one large artichoke at the tip and several smaller ones below.
- Harvest the central bud first, when scales are tightly closed and the globe is about the size of an orange. The stem should still be supple 2 inches beneath the globe.
- Avoid artichokes that have already begun to open as they will be tough in texture.
Pest management
Pests and disorders of artichokes, UC IPM
More links
Recommended varieties for Santa Clara County*
| Artichoke Violetto Precoce, OP | Mid-early violet purple artichoke with medium-sized, thorn-free globes. Tight, thick leaves are deliciously meaty yet tender. Very traditional Italian variety. |
| Green Globe | Accounts for over half of the artichoke production in California. Sharp spines with large, heavy, consistent-quality, globe-shaped heads. Also known as Vert Globe. |
| Imperial Star | Grows 3 to 4 feet tall and bears 3 to 8 4-inch diameter spineless buds. |
* Many other varieties may also do well here in Santa Clara County. This list is based on UC Master Gardener trials, taste tests, and feedback from local growers.