| Title | Fumigant emission reductions with TIF warrant regulatory changes |
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| Abstract | With methyl bromide's phase-out, most growers have turned to alternative fumigants, particularly 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin. These alternatives are tightly regulated because they are classified as toxic air contaminants and volatile organic compounds; the latter combine with other substances to produce ground-level ozone (smog). Two ambient air monitoring studies were conducted to evaluate the potential of totally impermeable film (TIF) to reduce emissions from shank applications of chloropicrin and 1,3-D. In 2009, a study demonstrated that TIF reduced chloropicrin and 1,3-D peak emissions by 45% and 38%, respectively, but TIF did not reduce total emissions when it was cut after 6 days. In 2011, increasing the tarp period from 5 to 10 days decreased chloropicrin and 1,3-D peak emissions by 88% and 78%, and their total emissions by 64% and 43%, respectively. Concurrent dynamic flux chamber results corroborated the ambient air monitoring data. These studies provide regulatory agencies with mitigation measures that should allow continued fumigant use at efficacious application rates. |
| Authors |
Ajwa, Husein
CE Specialist
Soil and Water Management. Methyl bromide alternatives. Cool-season vegetables.
Stanghellini, Michael
Plant Pathologist & Professor
Ecology, epidemiology, and control of root-infecting soil-borne fungal plant pathogens
Gao, Suduan
Research Soil Scientist
Sullivan, David A. : D.A. Sullivan is Certified Consulting Meteorologist, Sullivan Environmental Consulting, Inc.
Khan, Afiqur : A. Khan is Postdoctoral Scholar, UC Davis
Ntow, William : W. Ntow is Postdoctoral Scholar, UC Davis
Qin, Ruijun : R. Qin is Assistant Project Scientist, UC Davis.
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| Publication Date | Jul 1, 2013 |
| Date Added | Aug 29, 2013 |
| Copyright | © The Regents of the University of California |
| Copyright Year | 2013 |
| Description | Increasing the standard tarping period from 5 days to 10 days reduced peak and total emissions significantly in a 2011 trial. |
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