Eucalyptus - Luv ‘Em or Hate ‘Em

 

Miracle tree or weed?

By Suzzanna Walsh, Master Gardener


If you live in
California you certainly are familiar with eucalyptus trees.  If you live in San Luis Obispo County, there is probably one next door, if not on your own property.  After all, over 150 types of eucalyptus have been planted in California and Arizona.  Whether you love them or hate them, eucalyptus have become California landmarks and provoke opinions on both sides.  I am not giving my opinion on this controversial topic, in order to preserve whatever imagined good will I have with this newspaper's readership, though I will say I am allergic to the beastly Blue Gum variety, and routinely have fantasies in which I fell these fell invasives.  But as I said, I am withholding my opinion.

Although seemingly everywhere in
the state, eucalyptus is not a California native.  It is, however, the most widely planted non-native tree in California.  Eucalyptus come from Down Under.  Eucalyptus is the primary food for Australia’s koala bear.

There are more than 600 species of eucalyptus and Australians sometimes group
them as gum, mahogany, box, and stringy barks.  Not only are there many species of eucalyptus, but they grow in many locales on almost every continent.  Eucalyptus were viewed favorably early on.  Baron Ferdinand von Mueller, a renowned eucalyptologist from Australia, remarked in 1868 that “This marvelous quickness of growth, combined with a perfect fitness to resist drought, has rendered many of our tree fame abroad - especially so in countries where the supply of fuel or hardwoods is not readily attainable, …we probably posses the means of obliterating the rainless zones of the globe, to spread…woods over our deserts, and thereby mitigate the distressing drought and to annihilate perhaps even that occasionally excessive dry heat evolved by the sun’s rays from the naked ground throughout extensive regions of the interior…affordable shade and shelter, and retaining humidity to the soil, serve other great purposes….” Is it any wonder he was known as the Prophet of the Eucalyptus?

Why do we find so many eucalyptus trees in
California, much less here on the central coast?  You might have noticed that Nipomo seems to have more than it’s fair share and wondered why.  I have heard many reasons for the eucalyptus: windbreaks, firewood, and telephone poles included.  I’d be interested if you have heard other reasons.

The eucalyptus was brought to
California during the great gold rush, maybe for its oil for use in the search for gold particles, or for fire wood and construction materials, seemingly right along with the miners.  And California’s summer time barren landscapes may have benefited.

Credit for
the first California planting is given to W.C. Walker who owned the Golden Gate Nursery in San Francisco.  He planted seeds from 14 different eucalypts in 1853.  Credit may also be due Captain Robert H. Waterman, or Dr. H.H. Behr, also of San Francisco, who worked for Baron von Mueller…

University of California Cooperative Extension Master Gardener Volunteers can provide additional gardening information upon request.  Call
the San Luis Obispo office at 781-5939 on Mondays and Thursdays from 1 to 5 PM, the Arroyo Grande office at 473-7190 on Wednesdays from 9 AM to 1 PM, or the Paso Robles office at 237-3100 on Wednesdays from 9 AM to Noon.  The San Luis Obispo Master Gardener website is at http://groups.ucanr.org/slomg/.  Questions can be e-mailed to mgsanluisobispo@ucdavis.edu.