The Most Valuable Spice in the World
July 12, 2003
By Mary Giambalvos, Master Gardener


The most valuable spice in the world will grow happily in San Luis Obispo County gardens and patios.  True saffron (Crocus sativus) is prized by adventurous cooks throughout the world and commands a hefty price.  One-quarter ounce of the finest saffron fetches $40 to $60.  At that cost, it is satisfying, if not economical, to grow our own. 

This fall-blooming flower produces lovely lavender petals with three astonishingly neon red-orange stigmas protruding like threads from the center.  It is the stigma that provides the unique yellow color and haunting flavor relished in cooking and baking.  Since the stigma must be hand-picked, and about 70,000 flowers are needed to produce a pound of the spice, its cost is understandable.  The good news is it takes only a very few threads to flavor and color a dish.  The other good news is that Crocus sativus is a snap to grow. 

The plant grows from corms planted in September.  If gophers or mice share your garden area, planting in pots may be the least stressful way to go.  The soil must provide excellent drainage.  Plant the corms in full sun a few inches below the soil surface and water to keep moist but not soaked.  Soon after, grass-like shoots emerge.  In the
South County, flowers usually begin opening around November.  That may vary depending on your climate. 

Check the plants every day because flowers pop open overnight and will remain for only a day or two.  Gently pluck the three bright red-orange stigmas from each flower.  Let dry completely on a paper towel in a dark area.  Store in an airtight container.  Harvest will only last two or three weeks.  Continue to water the plants until they start to die back, generally in late spring.  Completely withhold water from early June to late August. 

Crocus sativus corms multiply and may need to be dug up and separated after three to five years.  Over time, they tend to produce fewer and fewer flowers.  You might want to replace them with fresh corms. 

Crocus sativus corms are sold by mail-order at White Flower Farm and Nichols Garden Nursery, and may be ordered by local garden centers.  Be sure to plant the correct crocus (Crocus sativus) if you plan to harvest the stigma.  Some other varieties of crocus are toxic. 

Growing, harvesting and using home-grown true saffron may indeed add spice and enrichment to the SLO life. 

To simplify information, trade names of products and/or company names have been used.  No endorsement of named products and/or companies is intended, nor is criticism implied of similar products and/or companies which are not mentioned. 

University of California Cooperative Extension Master Gardener Volunteers can provide additional gardening information upon request .Call the San Luis Obispo office at 781-5939 on Mondays and Thursdays from 1 to 5 PM.  You may also call the Paso Robles office at 237-3100 on Wednesdays from 9 AM to 12 PM.  The San Luis Obispo Master Gardeners website is at http://groups.ucanr.org/slomg/.  Questions can be e-mailed to: mgsanluisobispo@ucdavis.edu.