Hello, fellow California gardeners! As the crisp autumn air settles in, November brings exciting opportunities to nurture our gardens. Let's explore some essential tips for thriving green spaces this month.

Embrace the Fall Cleanup (with a Twist!)

While fall garden cleanup is crucial, consider leaving some fallen leaves in place. They create a natural mulch, returning nutrients to the soil and supporting beneficial insects. It's nature's way of recycling! Why it matters: This practice mimics natural forest floor processes, improving soil health and biodiversity.

Mulch for Winter Protection

Don't pack away that mulch just yet! A good layer of organic mulch helps retain soil moisture, prevents compaction, and suppresses those pesky winter weeds. Your soil will thank you come spring! Pro tip: Aim for a 2–4-inch layer of mulch, keeping it 4-6-inches away from tree trunks and plant stems to prevent rot.

Refresh Container Soil

Give your container plants a boost by refreshing their soil. Mix in some fresh potting mix and compost to replenish nutrients. Remember: if there were any pest or disease issues, it's best to start with all new soil. Alternative: For larger containers, you may refresh the top 1/3 of the soil instead of replacing it all.

Plant Trees and Shrubs the Smart Way

November is ideal for planting trees and shrubs. Here's a pro tip: skip the soil amendments in the planting hole. Instead, dig wide and backfill with native soil to encourage strong root growth.

Harvest Sweet Potatoes for Thanksgiving

Is there anything more satisfying than serving homegrown sweet potatoes at Thanksgiving? Harvest when the leaves start yellowing, typically 90-100 days after planting. Don't forget to cure them for the best flavor! How to cure: Store in a warm (80-85°F), humid place for two weeks. This process increases sweetness and improves storage life.

Plant Onions for a Bountiful Summer Harvest

Now's the time to sow onion seeds or plant sets. For the best bulb development next summer, aim for plants no thicker than a pencil before winter dormancy. Coastal vs. Inland: In milder coastal areas, you can plant through December. Inland gardeners should aim to finish planting by late November.

Prepare for Spring with Fall Bulb Planting

Plant spring-blooming bulbs like daffodils, tulips, and hyacinths now. Remember: pointy side up and twice as deep as the bulb's diameter. It's like tucking them in for a cozy winter nap! Chilling tip: Some bulbs, like tulips, benefit from pre-chilling in the refrigerator for 6-8 weeks before planting in warmer areas of California.

Embrace Native Plants

Fall is perfect for establishing native plants. They're adapted to our climate, support local wildlife, and are drought-tolerant once established. It's a win-win for you and the environment! Suggested natives: Consider planting California lilac (Ceanothus), manzanita, or California fuchsia.

Get Garlicky

Plant garlic and shallots now through late November. Choose the largest cloves, plant them pointy-side up, and dream of the flavorful dishes you'll create next year! Spacing guide: Plant cloves 3-4 inches apart in rows 12-18 inches apart for optimal growth.

Sow California Poppies

Spread some golden cheer by sowing California poppy seeds. They're low-maintenance and bring a burst of color to your spring garden. Just be mindful of their enthusiastic self-seeding habits! Containment tip: Consider planting in containers or creating defined borders to prevent spreading.

Maintain Your Garden Tools

Show your trusty tools some love! Clean, sharpen, and oil them now. You might even paint the handles a bright color to spot them in the garden easily. It's a small task that makes a big difference. Quick clean: After cleaning, dip tool blades in a solution of 1 part bleach to 9 parts water to disinfect.

Sow Cover Crops

Consider planting clover or fava beans in your veggie beds. They improve soil structure and add nutrients, setting the stage for a productive spring garden. Benefits: Cover crops prevent soil erosion, suppress weeds, and can be turned into "green manure" in spring to enrich the soil.

Remember, every garden is unique; part of the joy is discovering what works best in your little corner of California. Happy gardening, and here's to a bountiful November in the garden!

Ask your local UC Master Gardener Program.

Have a gardening question? UC Master Gardener volunteers are available to help. Click here to Find a Program and connect with your local UC Master Gardener Program. You will be redirected to your local county website and contact information. UC Master Gardener volunteers are available to help answer questions for FREE. Happy gardening!