- Author: Kathy Keatley Garvey
UC Davis Distinguished Professor Emeritus Howard Ferris can.
Internationally recognized for his “exceptional, wide-ranging and unparalleled contributions to nematology” over a 64-year career, Ferris is a newly elected Honorary Member of the Society of Nematologists (SON), the international organization's highest award.
Ferris received the well-deserved award at SON's 63rd annual conference, held in Park City, Utah.
“Dr. Ferris has devoted most of his adult life to the field of nematology,” according to the SON statement read at the awards ceremony. “Similar to the ecological concepts that are central to much of his work, his research record of over 200 peer-reviewed publications has created a web of connections that touch a huge number of nematologists across the world.”
The award, first given in 1968, is an honor achieved by only 2 percent of the membership. Ferris, who served on the UC Davis faculty for 36 years, is the 36th nematologist and the third UC Davis faculty member to receive the honor. SON awarded UC Davis professor Merlin Allen (1912-1974) the honor in 1970, and Dewey Raski (1917-2014) in 1988.
"Howard's contributions and dedication to the discipline of nematology are remarkable in their impact,” said UC Davis Distinguished Professor of Nematology Steve Nadler, former chair of the Department of Entomology and Nematology, and a member of the nominating team.
UC Davis Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Entomology Frank Zalom of the Department of Entomology and Nematology and director of the UC Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program (UC IPM) for 16 years, and a past president and Honorary Member of the Entomological Society of America, said Ferris is “perhaps the premier IPM research nematologist of our time.”
He developed and continues to maintain Nemaplex and Nemabase, “two of the most important online nematology resources available,” wrote the trio of nominators, Inga Zasada, USDA-ARS research plant pathologist, Oregon State University; Professor Larry Duncan, University of Florida; and Nadler. “It is unlikely that there is a nematologist in the world that hasn't used the online resources that Howard created.”
A curious student or an established nematologist who has forgotten something can find what they need in Nemaplex, which covers all things nematode including taxonomy, methodologies, biology, ecology, management,” the nominators wrote, adding that it is a “virtual encyclopedia of nematodes…There are also online tools for selecting cover crops and making economic threshold decisions.”
Nematology Defined. Ferris defines nematology as "Unsegmented roundworms; they inhabit freshwater, marine and soil environments, in fact almost any environment that provides sources of carbon and water. Many are free-living, feeding on microbes and on small animals and plants and so contributing to critical ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling and regulation of communities," Ferris says. "Others are important parasites of plants and animals, including humans. Estimates, although difficult to substantiate, are that 80 percent (4 out of 5) multicellular animals on the planet are nematodes. That is numbers of individuals, not numbers of species.”
Ferris launched Nemaplex in 1987, and since his “retirement,” devotes at least three days each week to developing it and associated databases. The online resource covers the biology, ecology, and management of plant and soil nematodes.
Ferris began his career in nematology as a research scientist for the Tobacco Research Board of Zimbabwe, and then obtained his bachelor's degree in botany and zoology in 1964 from the University of London; his nematology diploma in 1965 from the State Agricultural University, Wageningen, Netherlands; his master's degree in zoology in 1968 from the University of London; and his doctorate in plant pathology in 1972 from North Carolina State University.
Born in England, Howard emigrated with his family to South Africa in 1946 and to Zimbabwe (then Rhodesia) in “about 1950.” His family moved to New Zealand six years later, then returned to Zimbabwe in 1958. He finished high school there in 1960.
His first peer-reviewed publication? In 1969. Since then, he's published 221 additional peer-reviewed papers,” his nominators wrote. “More than 30 of his publications have received over 100 citations."
Ferris was elected a Fellow of SON in 1995, served as an associate editor of the Journal of Nematology in the 1980s, and organized SON's 28th annual meeting at Davis in 1989, and SON's 38th annual meeting in Monterey in 1999. He was selected a UC Davis Distinguished Professor in 2012. His other honors include the 1984 Ciba-Geigy Recognition Award for Excellence, presented at the First International Congress of Nematology, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; and the 1983 Dimock Lecture at Cornell University.
He has keynoted symposia in the United States, Scotland, Australia, Brazil, The Netherlands and South Africa, and delivered invited lectures in Belgium, Costa Rica, the United Kingdom, and Spain and Mexico, among others. In addition, he has presented international short courses on nematode identification and soil ecology twice in Costa Rica, and also in Nicaragua and Mexico.
“I am honored to have been associated with graduate students, postdoctoral fellows and visiting scientists who have enriched my career and have gone on to be very successful and productive in their own careers as researchers, teachers and leaders in various fields of endeavor,” Ferris said.
What does he do in his leisure time?
“I've been a lifelong-- but very slow--runner which would now be better described as a shuffler,” he joked. In fact, he's run the Comrades Marathon in South Africa several times, and "a few 50 milers in California"--the California International Marathon 20 plus times; and the Western States 100.
He and his wife, Cynthia Hayes, a retired adjunct professor of criminal justice at Sacramento State University and a retired private investigator, reside in Shingle Springs. His goals? “Stay happy and healthy, continue to enjoy UC Davis and to continue to develop Nemaplex!
- Author: Kathy Keatley Garvey
She's the little Concord, Calif., kindergarten student who declared--on the very first day of class-- "When I grow up, I want to be an entomologist!"
And she did.
RJ received her bachelor's degree in entomology in 2021 from the University of California, Davis, and then accepted a four-year, full-ride fellowship offer to complete a doctoral program at the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH). She's a doctoral candidate of comparative biology in the Richard Gilder Graduate School at AMNH and studies in the lab of Professor Jessica Ware.
RJ studies the twisted-wing parasites, order Strepsiptera. As larvae, they enter their hosts, including wasps, bees and cockroaches, through joints or sutures.
Fast forward to today. Her newly published research, “Collection Methods and Distribution Modeling for Strepsiptera in the United States,” is the cover story in the August issue of the journal, Environmental Entomology.
It's not often that an entomologist's first published doctoral research scores the cover of an academic journal.
The cover image shows a parasitized northern paper wasp, Polistes fuscatus, with three male Xenos peckii pupae visible in its abdomen. The image is the work of John and Kendra Abbott of Abbott Nature Photography, Tuscaloosa, Ala.
“The twisted-wing insect parasite order (Strepsiptera) is an excellent example of how beautifully complex evolution and life's interconnectedness can be,” RJ says. “These obligately endoparasitic insects infect several other major orders of Insecta, including true bugs, mantises, cockroaches, flies, wasps, crickets, and even silverfish. Because of this, they can be very difficult to find and study.”
She became interested in the twisted-wing parasites while studying for her entomology degree at UC Davis. In 2019, she was one of four UC Davis undergraduates selected for a two-year funded research career with the University of California Leadership Excellence through Advanced Degrees (UC LEADS) program, which prepares promising students for advanced education in science, technology, mathematics and engineering (STEM). The UC LEADS scholars embark upon a two-year program of scientific research and graduate school preparation.
Guided by UC Davis Distinguished Professor Jay Rosenheim (now an emeritus), RJ launched her independent research project on those bizarre Strepsiptera endoparasites that attack their hosts, the Ammophila (thread-waisted) wasps. Over a two-year period, she studied thousands of specimens at the Bohart Museum of Entomology.
The Bohart Museum houses a worldwide collection of eight million specimens, including “about 30,000 specimens of Ammophila from multiple continents,” according to UC Davis Distinguished Professor Emerita Lynn Kimsey, who directed the museum for 34 years before retiring Feb. 1, 2024, Global wasp authority and UC Davis doctoral alumnus Arnold Menke, author of the book, The Ammophila of North and Central America (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae), identified most of the Ammophila specimens in the Bohart Museum. His book is considered "the bible" of Ammophila research.
RJ went on to enter a poster, “Parental Care and the Risk of Maternally Vectored Pathogens: Ammophila Transmit Strepsipteran Parasites to Their Young,” in the March 2021 Koret UC LEADS Symposium poster competition and won top honors.
And now, her paper in the Environmental Entomology journal is online at
https://academic.oup.com/ee/issue/53/4.
In their introduction, RJ and her team wrote that Strepsiptera “have a cosmopolitan distribution, but they can be difficult to collect for many reasons. As the larval stages are obligate endoparasites of other insects, strepsipterans are necessarily restricted to the ranges of their hosts and may have patchy distributions among host populations. The neotenic females dwell permanently within the abdomens of their insect hosts, with the exception of some members in the family Mengenillidae. Male strepsipterans can be collected independently of their hosts once they eclose and enter the free-flying adult stage.”
“However, they are likely to still be found within their host ranges since they live for only a few hours and must mate within that time. Females and males range from 0.5 to 5 mm and can be easily overlooked in host abdomens (females) or malaise traps There are no standard procedures for the collection of Strepsiptera, since they parasitize such a wide variety of insect hosts—they are documented to parasitize 7 orders comprising approximately 36 insect families, and these hosts inhabit many different environments.”
Co-authors are Anna Eichert, a doctoral candidate of comparative biology in the Ware lab, and Ware, an AMNH evolutionary biologist and curator. Millena credited Kathy LaPoint of Black Rock Forest, Cornwall, N.Y., for images “taken during our collecting trips,” and Abbott Nature Photography for images of a male Xenos peckii in flight and an Isodontia mexicana parasitized by Eupathocera auripedis.
“My work on the evolution and biology of these tiny insects,” Millena said, “is motivated by how much I want everyone to appreciate the unfathomably intricate lives of the organisms we take for granted every day.”
Well said, and well done!
- Author: Kathy Keatley Garvey
Folks are looking forward to the next open house at the Bohart Museum of Entomology at UC Davis.
It's set Saturday, Sept. 28 from 1 to 4 p.m. and the theme is "Museum ABC's: Arthopods, Bohart and Collecting." It's free and family friendly. Parking is also free.
The Bohart Museum, located in Room 1124 of the Academic Surge Building, 455 Crocker Lane, UC Davis, hosts open houses throughout the academic year. It's an opportunity to talk one-on-one with the scientists and see the displays.
The Bohart Museum houses a global collection of eight million insect specimens. Plus, it maintains a live petting zoo (including Madagascar hissing cockroaches, walking sticks and tarantulas) and an insect-themed gift shop, stocked with T-shirts, hoodies, jewelry, posters, books, collecting equipment and more.
The Bohart scientists kept regular visitors' hours this summer on Tuesdays. Visiting hours are now over for this summer. Also, starting Monday, Sept. 1 and continuing through Sept. 22, the insect museum will be closed to the public. See website. Also see the Bohart video from last year, featuring then director Lynn Kimsey, UC Davis distinguished professor of entomology and now emerita, as of Feb. 1, 2024. She continues her research at the Bohart and also continues as the newsletter editor.
Assuming the reins of director, as of Feb. 1: Professor Jason Bond, the Evert and Marion Schlinger Endowed Chair, UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology, and associate dean, Agricultural Sciences, UC Davis College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences.
Meanwhile, mark your calendar for Saturday, Sept. 28. If you're lucky, you may see a monarch flying around on campus on its way to an overwintering site along coastal California. If not, visit the Lepidoptera collection, curated by entomologist Jeff Smith. You'll see lots of monarch specimens.
Smith says the number of moth and butterfly specimens at the Bohart is about 825,454. Of that number, some 618,750 are moth specimens and the rest are butterflies.
For more information, access the website at https://bohart.ucdavis.edu/ or email bmuseum@ucdavis.edu.
- Author: Kathy Keatley Garvey
A praying mantis, Stagmomantis limbata, stretches beneath a Mexican sunflower, Tithonia rotundifola, in a Vacaville garden.
Ms. Mantis: (Startled to see she is not alone) "Well, hello, there! How are ya? I'm just dropping by to say Hello!"
Photographer: "So, this is a meet-and-greet? And not a meet-and-eat?"
Ms. Mantis: "Exactly. I'm not interested in eating bees or butterflies. Ooh, there goes a honey bee! Ooh, there's a long-horned bee! Omigosh, a butterfly!"
Photographer: "You're just looking?"
Ms. Mantis: "No, just stretching. See, I've closed my spiked forelegs."
Photographer: "Then why did you move beneath the blossom?"
Ms. Mantis: "For the shade. Yes, that's it. For the shade."
Photographer: "Sounds pretty shady to me. Just admit it, you're hungry."
Ms. Mantis: "Well, now that you mention it, I guess I could use a bite to eat. Just a little bite...a little bee...a little butterfly..."
Photographer: "A quick bite?"
Ms. Mantis: "Lightning fast! One-twentieth of a second! Now, if you'll excuse me..."
The camera clicks. The mantis vanishes...along with an unsuspecting bee.
- Author: Kathy Keatley Garvey
Talk about flower power.
When you walk through the UC Davis Bee Haven, a half-acre garden on Bee Biology Road, west of the central campus, you'll see bees and other pollinators foraging on a pink floribunda rose cultivar, “Nearly Wild." It's flamingo pink, quite fragrant and very buzzworthy, providing both pollen and nectar.
This cultivar is aptly named "Nearly Wild." It has five petals, just like wild roses.
The garden, installed in 2009 and a project of the UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nemalogy, is located next to the Harry H. Laidlaw Jr. Honey Bee Research Facility. Director of the haven is apiculturist/researcher Elina Lastro Niño, associate professor of Cooperative Extension, based in the department.
A six-foot long worker bee, the ceramic-mosaic work of Donna Billick of Davis, anchors the garden, as honey bees from the nearby Laidlaw apiary gather nectar and pollen.
But back to the “Nearly Wild” roses.
They remind us so much of the truly wild roses we've seen growing along river banks, roadsides and in fields. Roses (family Rosaceae and genus Rosa) originated some 25 million years ago. Many of today's roses are the result of centuries of breeding.
What's the story behind "Nearly Wild" and what are its characteristics?" The Missouri Botanical Garden website says this is "a floribunda rose ('Dr. W. Van Fleet' x 'Leuchstern') which typically grows 2-3' tall (less frequently to 4') and as wide. It is a dense, shrubby plant which features clusters of mildly fragrant, single, pink roses (to 3" diameter) with center clumps of prominent yellow stamens. Five-petalled flowers are reminiscent of some species roses hence the cultivar name. Flowers bloom continuously from May to frost. Glossy dark green foliage. Introduced by Brownwell in 1941."
The UC Davis Bee Haven is currently being renovated, but you can still visit from dawn to dusk. Admission is free.