- Author: Kathy Keatley Garvey
The lecture, "Anthropogenic Forces Drive the Breakdown of Reproductive Isolation between Incipient Species of the African Malaria Mosquito," is from 12:10 to 1 p.m. in Room 122 of Briggs Hall. Plans are to record the lecture for later viewing on UCTV.
Lanzaro, who researches malaria vectors in Africa and Brazil says his area interest is in medical entomology with a focus on the genetics of vectors of human disease. He initiated his current work on the population genetics of malaria vectors in Africa in 1991 when he joined the Laboratory of Malaria Research at the National Institutes of Health and continues this work through today.
"A considerable part of our research program involves field work," he said. "Over the years we have worked in seven countries spanning sub-Saharan Africa." His Africa work is organized into three major research areas: (1) Genetics of complex behavioral phenotypes, host preference and adult resting behavior (2) Mutations in immune signaling pathway genes and mosquito susceptibility to malaria infection and (3) Speciation in anopheline mosquitoes.
"Just this year we have initiated a new research program focused on the genetics malaria vectors in Brazil," Lanzaro related. The Brazilian government supports the program, known as Brazil Science without Borders. The focus is on the population genetics and genomics of the mosquito Anoheles darlingi, the principal vector of malaria in Brazil.
The abstract of his talk on Nov. 13: "The M and S forms of Anopheles gambiae have been the subject of intense study by both malaria researchers and evolutionary biologists.The focus has centered on evaluating models of the evolution and maintenance of genetic divergence between the two forms in relation to speciation. The two forms occur in sympatry throughout west and central Africa. Hybrids are rarely found in nature and studies of reproductive isolation confirmed strong assortative mating with inter-form matings estimated at a frequency of ~1%. Progeny of laboratory crosses and backcrosses show no signs of reduced fitness, however, it is widely held that, in nature, some degree of ecologically dependent postzygotic isolation, in addition to assortative mating, contributes to divergence between the two forms. Comparative genomics studies have revealed divergence occurs at three discrete islands in genomes that are otherwise nearly identical. Two opposing models aimed at describing the evolution of M and S have been formulated. An 'islands of speciation' model proposes that diverged regions contain “speciation genes” that are maintained by selection in the face of gene flow. An alternative 'incidental island' model maintains that gene flow between M and S is effectively zero and that divergence islands are unrelated to speciation. A 'Divergence Island SNP' (DIS) assay was developed and used to explore the spatial and temporal distributions of hybrid genotypes. Results revealed that hybrid individuals occur at frequencies ranging between 5-97% in every population examined. A temporal analysis of DIS genotype frequencies spanning 20 years was conducted at a single site. This study revealed that assortative mating is unstable and periodically breaks down resulting in extensive hybridization. Results suggest that hybrids suffer a fitness disadvantage, but at least some hybrid genotypes are viable. Stable introgression of the 2L speciation island occurred at this site following a hybridization event. We present data suggesting that strong selection on a single gene within the 2L island is driving M/S introgression and that man-made changes to the environment is the source of this selection."
Lanzaro joined PMI in July 2006. He served as the director of the Center for Vectorborne Diseaes, UC Davis, from January 2006 through June 2007, and directed the UC Mosquito Research Program, headquartered in the UC Davis Department of Entomology, from June 2002 to 2008.
Prior his appointment at UC Davis, Lanzaro served on the faculty of Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, from August 1995 through May 2002, advancing from assistant and associate to full professor.
Lanzaro received his bachelor of science degree in biology/secondary education from Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas in 1972; his master's degree in entomology in 1978 from the Univeristy of Arizona, Tucson, and his doctorate in engomology in 1986 from the University of Florida.
The medical entomologist did post-doctoral work at three universities: from 1986 to 1988 in the Department of Entomology, Mississippi State University; from 1986 to 1988 in the Department of Entomology, Missisippi State University; and from 1988 to 1991 in the UC Davis Department of Entomology. He was a MacArthur Fellow in the Laboratory of Malaria Research, National Institutes of Health.
- Author: Kathy Keatley Garvey
Profile
Orchard Alley at the Häagen-Dazs Honey Bee Haven is getting a much-needed pruning.
Professional tree pruner Andrew "Andy" Ross, staff research associate for nematology and the safety coordinator for the Department of Plant Pathology and the nematology portion of the UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology, began pruning the almond, plum and apple trees this morning (Nov. 1).
Ross joined the UC Davis workforce in January in 2005 after managing a citrus/avocado/olive ranch in Porterville for 20 years.
“I started pruning trees right out of high school, working in a private redwood grove in 1986,” he said.
Ross received his bachelor's degree in biological sciences from UC Davis in 2007, with a minor in chemistry.
As the lab manager for nematologist Ed Lewis, professor and vice chair of the UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology, Ross guides the nematology lab members, including graduate and undergraduate students and technicians.
Before becoming manager of the Porterville ranch, Ross planted trees from December through May of 1987 in the Deep South for a private company, Evergreen Forestry Services, based in Sandpoint, Idaho.
He and his wife, Monica Ross, executive assistant to Jay Speck, Superintendent of Solano County Schools, are working on renovating their 1936 home in Dixon. They have two daughters, who both received college degrees in sociology. The Rosses are also grandparents: a three-year-old and a three-month-old.
The Department of Entomology and Nematology is planning a volunteer work day on Saturday, Nov. 2, organized by haven coordinator Christine Casey and chief administrative officer Janet Brown-Simmons. Sign up on Doodle at http://doodle.com/txnz3vg293vznvyh, or contact Casey at cacasey@ucdavis.edu or Simmons at jbs@ucdavis.edu for more information.
The haven is located on Bee Biology Road, next to the Harry H. Laidlaw Jr. Honey Bee Research Facility,west of the central campus.
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What to Bring
Thanks to everyone who has volunteered for tomorrow's work day at the Honey Bee Haven garden. A few last minute reminders….
- Please bring gloves, hats, and sunscreen. We have a few pairs of gloves to loan if you do not have your own. Also, please wear closed-toe shoes and avoid using heavily scented personal care products.
- We could use extra pruning shears, so again if you have your own please bring them.
- We will provide food and drinks. For the morning crew, I will have coffee at the garden by 7:30.
- If you've never been to the garden, we are located just east of the Laidlaw research facility on Bee Biology Road: http://campusmap.ucdavis.edu/?b=77
- Please plan on arriving five minutes prior to the start of your shift. We'll review your work assignments, do a brief training for those less-experienced gardeners and then pair you with someone with more experience if possible.
Chris Casey, cacasey@ucdavis.edu
Manager,
Häagen-Dazs Honey Bee Haven
- Author: Kathy Keatley Garvey
He will be hosted by assistant professor Brian Johnson, co-coordinator of the noonhour seminars with assistant professor Joanna Chiu.
Abbot’s abstract: “A history of antagonistic interactions within and between species can provide trait variation on which social and mutualistic evolution can subsequently act. Insects that feed on plants provide many examples of cooperation-out-of-conflict, and thus illustrate important principles about the evolutionary process. I will discuss how two groups of gall-forming insects have evolved social and mutualistic interactions on plants. In one, lateral gene transfer may have facilitated a mutualism between gall midges and phytopathogenic fungi on their host plants, Solidago spp. In the other, a gall-forming aphid, the ability to secrete factors that disrupt the immune responses of natural enemies may be a key innovation that facilitates sociality in this group.”
The lecture will be recorded for later viewing on UCTV.
Abbot received his bachelor’s degree in biology from the Department of Zoology, University of Georgia; his master’s degree in behavioral ecology from the Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University; and his doctorate in ecology and evolutionary biology from the Department of Evolution and Biology, University of Arizona. He then served as a National Science Foundation postdoctoral fellow from 2002 to 2003 at the University of Texas, Austin, in microbial evolution.
His research expertise centers on molecular ecology, evolution and genomics of herbivorous insects and their symbionts. “I have a particular interest in gall-forming insects, and have worked on aphids, flies and ants.” His lab focuses on social evolution and insect diversification.
Abbot has published in ecological, microbiological and evolutionary journals on research that utilizes techniques from animal behavior, molecular ecology and genomics.
See list of upcoming seminars hosted by the UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology.
- Author: Kathy Keatley Garvey
Her one-hour talk, “Meloid Parasites of Solitary Bees,” begins at 9:30 a.m. The Nor Cal Entomology Society meets three times a year: Sacramento, Davis and Concord.
Saul-Gershenz, a graduate student in the Neal Williams lab, UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology, and a co-founder of SaveNature.Org, researches a solitary ground-nesting bee, Habropoda pallida and its nest parasite, a blister beetle, Meloe franciscanus, found in the Mojave National Preserve.
The meeting begins at 9:15 a.m. with coffee and registration for club members and their guests. The remainder of the meeting will be devoted to the future of the society, with president Bob Dowell of the California Department of Food and Agriculture moderating the discussion.
Saul-Gershenz is the lead author of “Blister Beetle Nest Parasites Cooperate to Mimic the Sex Pheromone of the Solitary Bee Habropoda pallida (Hymenoptera: Apidae)," co-authored by professor Jocelyn G. Millar and staff research associate J. Steven McElfresh, both of UC Riverside. The peer-reviewed research was published in the April 2012 edition of the Mojave National Preserve Science News.
The bee's emergence is generally synchronized with the onset of blooms of the Borrego milkvetch, which is the sole host plant of adults of the blister beetle at Kelso Dunes.
The UC Davis ecologist said the larvae of the parasitic blister beetle produce a chemical cue or a pheromone similar to that of a female solitary bee to lure males to the larval aggregation. The larvae attach to the male bee and then transfer to the female during mating. The end result: the larvae wind up in the nest of a female bee, where they eat the nest provisions and likely the host egg.
The work of Saul-Gershenz, Millar and McElfresh appears in a newly published academic book, Sensory Ecology, Behaviour, and Evolution (Oxford University Press) by Martin Stevens. Another book, pending publication in December, also will contain their work: the second edition of Pheromones and Animal Behaviour (Cambridge University) by Tristram Wyatt.
Previously, three other books summarized their research:
- Keeping the Bees: Why All Bees Are at Risk and What We Can Do to Save Them by Laurence Packer and published in 2011 by HarperCollins Publishers, Ltd.
- Cuticular Hydrocarbons: Biology, Biochemistry and Chemical Ecology by editors A. Bagnères-Urbany and G. Bloomquist and published in 2010 by Cambridge University Press.
- The Other Insect Societies by James T. Costa, and published in 2006 by the Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
Following her talk, beginning at 10:45 a.m., the Nor Cal Entomology Society members will discuss the future of the organization.
“We have reached a critical juncture in the existence of the organization,” secretary-treasurer Eric Mussen, Extension apiculturist with the UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology and a co-founder of the society, wrote to the members in an email. “At its beginning, the society served as the meeting place for entomologists mostly from UC Berkeley and UC Davis, as well as other members who appreciated their lively discussions of research and pest control. Representatives from industry and regulatory establishments also participated. A revolving system of society chairs was instituted and membership was good.”
“Over time, the climate has changed. UC Berkeley no longer has an entomology department or hardly any entomologists anymore.”
Mussen, one of the most active members of the group, will be retiring from the university in June 2014.
Those planning to attend should contact Mussen at ecmussen@ucdavis.edu or telephone him at (530) 753-0472 by Nov. 1. The lunch will be catered by Kinder’s Meats.
/span>- Author: Kathy Keatley Garvey
They are pollinator ecologist/associate professor Neal Williams and Extension apiculturist Eric Mussen.
Williams, co-director of the Harry H. Laidlaw Jr. Honey Bee Research Facility at UC Davis, will deliver the research luncheon talk on Wednesday, Nov. 20. His topic is “Honey Bees and Pollination: New Things We Now Know.”
Mussen will discuss “The Most Interesting Time in Beekeeping” on Thursday afternoon, Nov. 21. Mussen has served as the Extension apiculturist since 1976 and will be retiring in June 2014. He wears several hats on the CSBA board: apiculturist, parliamentarian and a delegate to the American Beekeeping Federation.
Other topics will include scientific updates, bee laws, almond pollination, sustainability, and “A Bug for Every Bug,” the latter by Steve Godin and the California Citrus Research Board.
Among the other speakers is Robert Curtis, associate manager for agricultural affairs, Almond Board of California. He just received the "Friend" award from the UC Davis College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences at its 25th annual College Celebration.
President of the association is John Miller of Newcastle. The mission of CSBA is to educate the public about the beneficial aspects of honey bees, advance research beneficial to beekeeping practices, provide a forum for cooperation among beekeepers, and to support the economic and political viability of the beekeeping industry.