| Title | Smart, David - Temporal, Spacial & Genetic Constraints on Vineyard Greenhouse Gas Emissions |
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| File Information | Dr. Smart's research program focuses on rootstock root physiology and soil nutrient cycling. His current interests relate to the physiological process of root aging and population dynamics of roots under field conditions. His laboratory is using geochemical approaches to determine where and at what time of the season grapevine roots are foraging. He has also been extensively involved in Global Climate Change research and looks at how elevated carbon dioxide in the atmosphere influences nitrogen and carbon cycling in the plant-soil system. He currently has a project in the Napa Valley that examines the role of vineyards play in soil carbon sequestration and carbon dioxide exchange and how this differs from oak-woodlands. Dr. Smart teaches VEN 101C, a field laboratory course covering spring and summer vineyard management, soil fertility management and principles of vineyard establishment. Dr. Smart received his M.S. and Ph.D. in Botany from the University of California at Davis. The subject of his thesis was the physiological ecology of nutrient acquisition. He then worked as a postdoctoral fellow with NASA at Utah State University in Logan Utah, where he joined a team of researchers working on contained environment life support systems being developed for use on international space stations. His work with NASA concerned the production of nitrogen trace gases by wheat roots and the microbial organisms growing on wheat roots. In addition to his work with NASA, Dr. Smart has collaborated with a team of ecosystems scientists to study soil nitrogen cycling and trace gas losses from forests of the Western United States. He moved to Spain in 1994, where he worked as a research scientist at the Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Applicacions Forestal and the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona before returning to Davis in 1997. His work in Spain examined the effects of elevated carbon dioxide levels on plant and soil respiration. |
| Author |
Smart, David :
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| Publication Date | Mar 18, 2010 |
| Date Added | Mar 30, 2010 |
| Description | Dr David Smart is on the faculty of the Department of Viticulture & Enology at UC Davis. This is his lecture given at the 2010 Recent Advances in Viticulture and Enology, "Sustainabilty: Minimizing Environmental Footprints", held on March 18, 2010 at UC Davis. |
| OCR Text |
Temporal , Spatial & Genetic Constraints on Vineyard Greenhouse Gas Emissions David R . Smart and Kate M . Scow University of California , Davis
Greenhouse Gas Footprint â?? comprehensive measure of the net amount of greenhouse gases ( GHGs ) produced and consumed , and provides an indication of whether or not we are contributing to GHG increase in the atmosphere . â?쳌
IPCC Assessment : Carbon Sequestration Involves Production and Consumption of Three GHGs : CO N O & CH 2 2 4 20 y GHG [ 2009 ] Lifetime ( GWP ) 1750 CO 385 ppm 1 2 1500 CH 1786 ppb 12 y 25 4 N O 319 ppb 114 y 300 1350 2 1200 1050 900 750
N O 2 Denitrification N O , NO 2 - - + NO NO NH 2 3 4 Nitrification
Envrionment Complexity of N O Production 2 Available Carbon Moisture Inorganic N Content Soil Texture Temperature pH Oxygen Physical and Chemical Factors N O 2 Microbial Factors Abundance of DB Diversity of DB
Spatial Variation in N O 2 Production Maria del Mar Alsina , Michael Wolff , Daniel Schellenberg Christine Stockert & Roger B Boulton
Temporalspatial Variation in N O Emissions 2
Temporal Variation in N O 2 Production
1.2 18 min - 1 ) 16 1.0 - 2 ( % ) 14 0.8 m Moisture N2O - N 12 0.6 10 ( ï쳌 g Soil 0.4 Flux 8 N2O 0.2 6 0.0 4 117 165 260 332 572 0 2 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 41 44 65 90 Time after fertigation ( hrs )
Genetic Variation in N O 2 Production Michael Matiasek / Kate M . Scow Department of Land Air & Water Resources University of California at Davis
N O 2 Denitrification N O , NO 2 - - + NO NO NH 2 3 4 Nitrification
Denitrification Enzyme Potential
Nitrification & Denitrification Enzyme Potential
Nitrification & Denitrification DNA Abundance 80 300 ( unitless ) ( unitless ) 60 200 nirS / nirK40 nir / nos 100 20 0 0 row 1 row 7 berm 3 berm 8
Bringing it All Together David R . Smart / Michael Wolff Michael Matiasek / Kate M . Scow Department of Viticulture & Enology Department of Land Air & Water Resources University of California at Davis
Conclusions : Carbon sequestration is much more complex than simply carbon . Both regular and irregular spatial variation exists at the vineyard / orchard scale . University of California â?쳌 Davis Climate Change â?쳌 Sustainable Agriculture Environmental Quality â?쳌 Landscape Processes
Conclusions : Microbial communities involved in N O production 2 seem to be entrained to â?? management practices â?? . University of California â?쳌 Davis Climate Change â?쳌 Sustainable Agriculture Environmental Quality â?쳌 Landscape Processes
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| Posted By | Bogart, Kay |
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