Rowell, P. L. :

ADMINISTRATION PERSONNEL Field Station Personnel : Academic : Rowell , P . L . , Station Superintendent and Specialist , Agricultural Field Stations ; Associate in the Experiment Station and Lecturer , Department of Agronomy & Range Science , Davis . Staff : Barney , E . J . , Senior Agricultural Technician Clark , T . A . , Staff Research Associate Coffin , E . W . , Animal Resources Supervisor Hollingsworth , C . L . , Administrative Assistant Labadie , D . W . , Princlp.l Agricultural Technician Leech , H . Jr . , Senior Farm Maintenance Worker Sankoff , L . D . , Senior Animal Technician Silva , E . M . Jr . , Senior Superintendent of Agriculture Springsteen , D . N . , Principal Superintendent of Agriculture . General Assistance : Beaton , F . L . , Custodian Beaton , M . N . , Farm Laborer Childers , G . J . , Farm Laborer Glasgow , R . J . , Farm L.borer Students : Coe , Brend . Dunn , Gerald C . Fenger , Clara Harris , Marlies K . Martinez , Cynthia L . Hoell e r , Li sa Parish , Paula Departmental personnel stationed at Sierra Foothill Range Field Station : Staff : Delmas , R . E . , Staff Research Associate , Department of Animal Science , Davis . oJ i STATION OPERATIONS Organizations USing Station Facilities for Research Work : university of California : Department of Agronomy & Range Science , Davis Department of A ~ imal Science , Davis Departme ~ t of land , Air & Water Resources . Davis Department of Environme ~ tal Horticulture Department of A ~ imal Physiology . Davis School of Veterinary Medicine , Davis Division of Entomology & Parasitology , Berkeley Department of Forestry & Resource Management , Berkeley Cooperative Extension , Davis Department of Nematology , Davis Department of Geology , Davis Department of Wildlife & Fisheries Biology , Davis Department of Veterinary Microbiology Botany Extension , Davis local : Cooperative Extensio ~ , Yuba and Sutter Counties Other : Chapman Forestry Foundation California State University , Chico STATION OPERATIONS • I Station Research Committee Members of Research Advisory Committee : C . A . Raguse , Chairman - Department of Agronomy & Range Science , Davis J . R . Anderson - Division of Entomology & Parasitology , Berkeley G . E . Bradford - Department of Animal Science , Davis W . H . Brooks - Cooperative Extension , Mendocino County W . J . Clawson - Agronomy & Range Science Extension , Davis D . R . McCullough - Forestry & Resource Management , Berkeley M . J . Si nger - Land , Ai r & Water Resources , Soi Is & Plant Nutrition , Davis J . W . Menke - Agronomy & Range Science , Davis R . H . Barrett - School of Natural Resources , Berkeley J . G . Morris - Department of Animal Science , Davis Ex Officio Members : J . L . Myler - Agricultural Field Stations , Davis P . L . Rowell , Secretary - Sierra Foothill Range Field Station A . H . Murphy , Assistant Secretary - Hopland Field Station Dates of Meetings : None Minutes of Meetings : Minutes of meetings are on file at the Sierra Foothill Range Field Station , Browns Valley , and at Agricultural Field Stations , Davls . Station Records Maintained : Climatic factors have been recorded and are on file at the Sierra Foothi 11 Range Field Station ( copies of the Monthly Cl imatic Summary and Legend are in the appendix of this report ) . The weather station is located on Nob Hill , close to the main Head­quarters area ( approximate elevation , 675 feet ) , Two rain gauges are in operation . Rain gauge # 1 is located with the main weather station . Rain gauge # 2 is located at the Forbes Headquarters area ( approximate elevation , 400 feet ) . Plot maps of Field Station experimental areas for each year are maintained on file at the Station . An inventory of all Field Station equipment is maintained on file at the Station . September 8 , 1980 was the date of the last inventory . STATION OPERATIONS Inventory of Livestock : ( June 30 , 1981 ) Field Station Owned : Sheep : Value Ewes Rams ( 15 ) ( none ) Total ( 15 ) $ 600.00 $ 600.00 Department of Animal at Station : Science Owned , Catt le : Number Bulls Cows , Purebred Cows , Commercial He i fers 29 58 163 175 Horses : Geldings 3 Buildings and Grounds Maintenance : Records of buildings at the Station . and grounds maintenance are on file Plot maps of headquarters areas , with buildings numbered and identified , are maintained at the Station . All repairs ( except minor ones ) and alterations are recorded and filed with plot maps . A fire protection equipment maintenance record is on file at the Station . Special reports of factors affecting Station Operations are on file at the Station . STATION IMPROVEMENTS , Minor Capital Improvements : Construction of a bulk feed storage facility was started during the 1980 / 81 fiscal year . Facilities ( other than Minor Capital Improvements ) : Cabinets in the four residences and the dormitory were refinished . New floor coverings were installed in the kitchens and dining rooms of four residences and in the bathrooms of one residence . Approximately two miles of fence was built in the Campbell area . Approximately forty acres of irrigated pasture was seeded in the Campbel 1 . Corrals , scales , squeeze and loading chute were installed in the Campbel I . Equipment Acquired : Servis Li ttle Rhino Swivel Blade Scott Air - Pak Self Contained Breathing Apparatus Paint Shaker Airless Paint Sprayer Chevrolet 1 - 1 / 2 ton Pickup Truck , 1970 Equipment Disposed of : None Donations to Field Station : None EXTENSION AND TEACHING , Groups and Tours : No . Date 7 / 23 - 24 / 80 217 / 80 10 / 11 / BO 10 / 18 / BO 3118 / 80 3 / 26 - 27 / 81 4 / 4 / 81 L ~ / 4 / 81 4 / 11 / Bl 4 / 26 / Bl 5 / 2 / 81 ' 5 / 3 / Bl 5 / 13 / 81 5 / 20 / 81 5 / 20 / 81 California Youth Conservation Corps , Beale Air Force Base Range Management Class , University of California , Davis Entomology 100 Class , university of California . Davis Fly Fisherman Club , Yuba City 4 - H Group , loma Rica Range Management Class , California State University , Humboldt Range Improvement Class , California State University , Chico Range Management Class , Sierra College Agricultural Geography Class . California State University . San Francisco Polled Hereford Club Agrostology Class , University of Nevada . Reno Yuba County Sheriff's Posse 4 - H Group , loma Rica Meat Animal Production Class , University of California , Davis Yuba - Sutter Board of Supervisors Total Number of Visitors in Addition to Above : In State Out of State Forel 9n Reports or Talks by Station Personnel : None Attending 30 15 40 15 15 25 7 7 20 150 15 25 12 446 60 2 4 RESEARCH RESEARCH PROJECTS AT STATION Projects Completed : 50 CA - D - ASC 2989H 63 CA - D - ASC I 670WR 64 65 CA - D - NEM 3492H Current Projects : 34 CA - D - ASC 2988H 31 CA - D - ARS 3114H Supplementation of cattle grazing annual type rangeland , use of crop and animal waste as a supplement to the diet of range cattle . J . L . Hull ( Project Leader ) - Animal Science . Davis J . R . Dunbar - Extension Agriculturist , Davis J . G . Morris - Animal Science , Davis Early indices of sexual libido in livestock . E . O . Price ( Project Leader ) - Animal Science , Davis D . Drake - Animal Science Extension , Davis Yellow starthistle control : Range and wildland development - employing the knowledge on growth , improvement , and culture to range and wildland plants for the enhancement of man's food supply . W . B . McHenry ( Project Leader ) - Agronomy & Range Science , Davis C . B . Wilson - Yuba County Cooperative Extension B . L . Kay - Agronomy & Range Science , Davis Utilization of nematodes in biological control of pestiferous insects . H . K . Kaya ( Project Leader ) - Division of Nematology , Davis . Growth , development and management systems for weaner calves , replacement heifers , stocker cattle . bulls and cows under foothill conditions . J . L . Hull ( Project Leader ) - Animal Science , Davis J . G . Morris - Animal Science , Davis C . A . Raguse - Agronomy & Range Science , Davis R . B . Bushnell - Veterinary Medicine Extension , Davis J . W . Biggar - Water Science & Engineering . Davis E . C . Loomis - Entomology Extension . Davis R . E . Delmas - Animal Science , SFRFS Range and wildland development - employing the knowledge on growth , improvement and culture to range and wildland plants for the enhancement of man's food supply , outdoor recreation and environment . B . L . Kay ( Project Leader ) - Agronomy & Range Science , Davis R . A . Evans - A . R . S . , U . S . D . A . , Reno J . A . Young - A . R . S . , U . S . D . A . , Reno M . B . Jones - Agronomy & Range Science , Hopland RESEARCH PROJECTS AT STATION Current Projects . 40 CA - B - ENT 2186H continued Integrated control of flies and the role of dung - inhabiting insects in the natural recycling of dung in pastoral - wildlands ecosystems . J . R . Anderson ( Project leader ) - Entomology and Parasitology , Berkeley C . A . Raguse - Agronomy & Range Science , Davis Field studies of soil erodibility under natural cover and base soil conditions using standardized plots . G . l . Huntington ( Project leader ) - land . Air & Water Resources , Davis H . J . Singer - land , Air & Water Resources , Davis J . Blackard - Land , Air & Water Resources , Davis W . R . Allardice - land , Air & Water Resources , Davis . Systems for the production of calves from range­lands . J . G . Morris ( Project leader ) - Animal Science , Davis R . E . Delmas - Animal Science , SFRFS J . l . Hull - Animal Science , Davis Year - around management of irrigated pastures and improved annual rangeland in the production of beef calves . C . A . Raguse ( Project leader ) - Agronomy & Range Science , Davis K . l . Taggard - Agronomy & Range Science , Davis Water quality end nutrient cycling aspects of annual rangeland as influenced by range improvement . P . L . Rowell ( Project Leader ) - Agronomy & Range Science , SFRFS M . J . Singer - Soils & Plant Nutrition , Davis Input - output relationships of the cow calf system on range . J . G . Morris ( Project Leader ) - Animal Science , Davis B . D . Gardner - Agricultural Economics , Davis J . l . Hull - Animal Science , Davis R . E . Delmas - Animal Science , SFRFS K . W . Ellis - Animal Science Extension , Davis J . W . Clawson - Agronomy & Range Science , Davis 48 51 55 60 61 CA - D - lAW 2845RR CA - D - ASC 2925H CA - D - ARS 3111H CA - D - XXX 3602 CA - D - ASC 2925H RESEARCH PROJECTS AT STATION Current Projects , continued 66 67 69 70 73 74 75 CA - D - EHT 3398H CA - D - ASC 2988H CA - D - ARS 3111H CA - V - VHB 2539H CA - D - ARS 3665H CA - D - ARS 3114H CA - D - ARS 3111H Tree establishment in the California foothills . A . D . Chapman ( Project Leader ) - Chapman Forestry Foundation H . C . Kohl - Environmental Horticulture , Davis W . J . libby - Forestry , Berkeley Irrigated Pasture Studies . J . l . Hull ( Project leader ) - Animal Science , Davis J . G . Morris - Animal Science , Davis C . A . Raguse - Agronomy & Range Science , Davis Management of range fertilization and re - seeding irrigated plsture renovation , irrigation practice and pasture species composition . C . A . Raguse ( Project leader ) - Agronomy & Range Science , Divis J . l . Hull - Animal Science , Davis Epidemiology and control of Helminth disease in animals . N . F . Baker ( Project Leader ) - Veterinary Microbiol­ogy , Divis Blue oak removal : The effect on forage production at different overstory levels . H . C . Jansen ( Project Leader ) - Plant & Soil Sciences . Calif . State Uhiversity , Chico J . W . Menke - Agronomy & Range Science , Davis Effects of range treatment on quail populations . B . l . Kay ( Project leader ) - Agronomy & Range Science , Davis J . W . Henke - Agronomy & Range Science , Davis C . A . Raguse - Agronomy & Range Science , Davis W . H . Longhurst - Agronomy & Range Science , Davis Influence on warm season plants in irrigated pasture production . C . B . Wilson ( Project Leader ) - Yuba County Cooperative Extension M . R . George ( Project leader ) - Extension Agronomist , Davis C . A . Raguse - Agronomy & Range Science , Davis P . L . Rowell - Agronomy & Range Science , SFRFS R . E . Delmas - Animal Science , SFRFS RESEARCH PROJECTS AT STATION Current Projects , continued 76 CA - D - ASC Effects of twin births on the maternal 3938 responses of beef cows in a range environment . E . O . Price ( Project Leader ) - Animal Science , Davis G . A ~ derson - Animal Science , Davis R . E . Delmas - Animal Scie ~ ce , SFRFS 77 CA - D - ASC Efficacy of salt as a vehicle for selenium 370SRR supplementation . J . G . Morri s ( Project leader ) - Animal Science , Davis R . E . Delmas - Animal Science , SFRFS Projects Initiated 78 CA - B - ENT Microbial control of insects . Codling Moth : 38S . 5RR Passive dispersal by wind . L , A . Falcon ( Project Leader ) - Entomology , Berkeley A . Berlowitz - Entomology , Berkeley TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS ( Derived from research work at the Station ) : Baker , N . F . , R . A . Fisk , R . B . Bushnell , and M . N . Oliver . Seasonal occurrence of infective nematode larvae on irrigated pasture grazed by cattle in California . American Journal of Veterinary Research , 42 ( 7 ) : 1188 - 1191 . Frost , W . E . 1981 . Effects of supplementary P , S , and Nat time of seeding in germination , seedling establishment and nodulation of subterranean clover cultivars . M . S . Thesis in Range Science . Hull , J . l . , C . A . Raguse and R . E . Delmas . Rumensin supplements for replacement heifers on irrigated pasture . Calif . Agr . 35 : 3 & 4 . pg . 8 - 9 , March - April 1981 . Johnson , K . L . 1981 . Growth and acetylene reduction activity ( nitrogen fixation ) of Ladino clover and strawberry clover in response to repeated cycles of water stress . M . S . Thesis in Range Science . Kanyama - Phiri , G . Y . 1981 . Effects of nitrogen , soil texture and temperature on legume morphological development and productivity of perennial ryegrass - orchardgrass - Ladino clover - strawberry clover stands . M . S . Thesis in Agronomy . Morris , J . G . , and R . E . Delmas . 1981 . Portable self - feeder for supplementing cattle on range . Journal of Animal Science , 54 ( in press ) . PH.OJECT LEADER'S A : " ; i \ UI \ L PIWGRESS RFPORT SIERRA FOOTHill RANGE nELD STATION . - - : " 1 - . " " : ' S ' ' ' ; ' t - : : a ; ' ' t1 : : : ' o : : : : n = - , TI " : : : ci - : e = n ; " tlr - : " 1F : : - i : : ; c : : : : a : - ; tTi " : : ' on : : ' " \ ~ : ; - : ~ o : - . " " ' : : - : : 3T.lf - - . . . . . . . - - , 11 " - ; : " 2 - . - = E = - ' x - : p - · t - . ~ S - ta - . - O : : P : - " r - o " " : " j " - . - : N ~ o - . - : - C - A - - - D - - - AS - C - 2 - 9 - , ; J - 8 - - 1 - ~ - . .­ ~ 3 - . , & ~ ; x ~ · p ~ e ~ r ~ i ~ m ~ en ~ t ~ S ~ t ~ a ~ t7i ~ on ~ P ~ r ~ o ~ j ~ c ~ c ~ t ~ · ~ ri ~ t ~ l ~ e ~ : - - - - - - ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ \ ~ L - - - Gr ~ wth , development and management systems for weaner calves , replacement heIfers , stockers , bulls and cows under foothill range conditions . 4 . Project Leader : J . L . Hull Is . Period Covered . Q.L . § . L - lL.Jli . by this Reoort : mo . Yr . mo . yr . 6 . Progress Report : ( Progress during report period toward reaching objectives of this research ) The breeding program utilizing polled Hereford sires AI continues . A polled Hereford bull from a production tested herd was obtained an performance data from the purebred cow ~ erd·continues . Test data of weaner bull calves with the best calves selected for use in the Sierra herds also continues . Weaning weight of calves from the cow herds was lower by 40 - 50 1bs . due to a very rough 1980 - 81 winter . Range clearing continues along with increased use of the heifers reared at Sierra as replacements in the cow herds . Studies utilizing the progeny of the Sierra cow herds continue at Davis . These progeny were trans­ferred to trials for the Animal Science Faculty as well as utilized for teach­ing . In addition , other units of the University have use of progeny of the Sierra herds such as Veterinary Medicine , Cooperative Extension , Entomology , etc . An experiment is being conducted to determine the feasibility of producing twin calves under range conditions . This research is a continuation of similar research carried out on the UCD campus and is designed to study the production of twins under practical range conditions . Beef females of low and high milk producing ability , Hereford's and Hereford x Holstein crossbreds , respectively , were induced to producetwins by embryo transfer . Dams are being maintained throughout pregnancy and lactation on irrigated pasture . Birth and weaning weights of single and twin calves , as well as complications such as calf mortality , retained placentas , dystocia are being recorded . 7 . Publicat1 . ons Related to Stat ~ on ProJect Dur ~ ng Report Perlod : None ( This report will be duplicated as submitted for inclusion in Station Annual Report ) Sig ~ u ~ of Project Leader Evaluation of Ectiban Formulations For Fly Control on Cattle , U . C . Sierra Foothill Range Field Station , California , 1981 . E . C . Loomis , Ph.D . Parasitologist Lorry L . Dunning , Staff Research Associate Extension Veterinary Medicine , University of California , Davis , 95616 INTRODUCTION Sixty ( 60 ) - Hereford heifers ( avg . wt . 4Q . . 0 lbs . ) , maintained on irrigated pasture at the U . C . Field . Station , were used for a fly control trial using Ectiban Pour ~ On and ~ Ectiban insecticide Ear Tag Tapes . The heifers were divided into 6 equal groups of 10 each and were identified as groups 1 to 6 . Twenty - five heifers of similar age and weight were kept on dry rangeland about 1 / 2 mile distant and served as Group 7 for a control ( untreated ) . All 85 heifers were rated for horn fly densities in corrals prior to group separation and treatment but face fly counts were made in the field one week later . MATERIALS AND PROCEDURES Ectiban formulations for trial evaluation consisted of a ready - to - use 1 % Permethrin Pour - On ( GFU003 , Red . # 67 / 66 , dated 3 / 24 / 81 ) and I - gram active ingredient Permethrin Ear Tag tapes for application to cattle ear tags . These formulations were compared to a standard registered 0.05 % spray using Coopertox Extra ( Toxaphene 45 % , Lindane 1.96 % > . . Ectiban Pour - On was applied by means of 4 oz . capacity metal dippers to 4 groups at a dosage of 1 / 2 oz . / cwt . , initially on June 10 and retreated on August 3 . Groups 1 and 4 received a backline application while groups 2 and 5 received a face and poll application . Groups 3 and 6 were sprayed over the entire body on June 10 and only Group 6 W4S resprayed on September 30 using 1 / 2 gallon ( 70 oz . > of Coopertox solution per head from a U . C . power sprayer equipped with a 6 HP Briggs & Stratton engine plus by - pass pump system operated at 300 psi . Ectiban Ear Tag tapes for ear tag application arrived midway through the trial and some of the groups were split for tape application when retreatment was indicated on September 2 ; Groups 2 and 3 received one tape per heifer attached around the neck of the ear tag and Group I had a tape wrapped around the _end of the tail ( above the switch ) and secured with adhesive " duct tape " . Groups 4 to 6 were not retreated at this time in order to determine possible effects of fly control from Ectiban - taped heifers which shared common fence lines and 2 exposure with the 3 Groups . Following observations on September 23 it was decided to retreat Groups 4 to 6 on September 30 using the same Pour - On and Spray regimen as applied at the start of the trial . Visual fly counts by eye or with the aid of 7 x 50 binoculars were made in most cases by one observer on all 10 heifers in each of 6 Groups and on 10 of the 25 heifers in control Group 7 . Counts were made from lOAM to 2PM at weekly intervals . Horn fly counts ( H . irritans ) were made on flies resting on one side of the body ( withers , ribcage , and upper legs ) and on Face flies ( M . autumnalis ) resting on the face and head area . O ~ e way analysis of variance was used to determine if overall trea - tment means varied significantly . Fisher's LSD method was used to compare where differences occurred between treatment means . RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The results on Horn fly control are shown in Table 1 . Excellent control was obtained for 4 weeks ( June 10 to July 7 ) for Ectiban backline Pour - On to Groups 1 and 4 while excellent to good control resulted from Ectiban face Pour - on on Groups 2 and 5 for the same 4 weeks ; Coopertox spray on Groups 3 and 6 provided excellent control for only 2 weeks ( June 10 to 24 ) . Surprisingly , retreatment of the 4 Ectiban groups on August 2 provided not more than 2 weeks of satisfactory control . Of equal interest was the dramatic decrease in horn flies for two weeks on Group 3 but only slightly so on Group 6 , both of which were intentionally not resprayed with Coopertox on August 2 . There was no significant difference between Ectiban Pour - On to the backline or to the face , nor between these treatments and the Coopertox body spray as determined from mean totals on Horn fly populations for the entire trial period , June 10 to October 17 ; all three treatments reduced horn flies significantly better ( P , < 0.005 ) than the control ( Table 3 ) . Also included in Table 1 are the results for horn fly control following Ectiban Tape applications on September 2 . Excellent control resulted for 4 weeks on taped - heifers in Groups 1 , 2 , and 3 . No significant difference occurred between tape treatments to the ear or tail but all 3 treatment groups showed significant fly reduction ( P < 0.005 ) when compared to the control group ( Table 4 ) . Fly populations in control Group 7 decreased rapidly with the onset of cold nights during the week of October 10 . The results on Face fly control are shown in Table 2 . Relatively good control of this species occurred with the Pour - On treatments for about 2 weeks ( June 10 to 24 ) - with almost similar results for the Coopertox spray . Fly control on these same groups retreated on August 3 provided a shorter period of control , about 9 to 1 ; i days ; the natural dccro ( 1s ( ~ ' in Face fly popula tions dur i ng Ju 1 ' : ' and Augus t , as ev idenct ~ d in Control Group 7 , is commonplace and fly numbers are too low to warrant reliable comparison witn treated animals . There was no significant difference between the Ectiban Pour - On to the face or to the backline , but both treatments - were significantly different ( P < 0.005 ) than the Coopertox spray and the control ( Table 3 ) . Also included in Table 2 are the results for Face fly control following Ectiban tape applications on September 2 . Excellent ( Group 2 ) to good ( Group 3 ) control resulted one day after application with tapes applied to ear tags ; but , control did not persist at a satisfactory level as evidenced by the increase in fly counts on September 9 ; there was poor control via tapes attached to the tail ( Group 1 ) . The poor significance of these results are shown in Table 4 . Poor results were obtained on face fly ~ ontrol upon retreatment of Groups 41 and 50n September 30 and similar JesuIts were evident on Group 6 which was resprayed wi th Co_oper.t < ; ~ . Of interest in this trial were the results on Horn fly control from the small amount of Ectiban Pour - On to the face of animals . Heretofore , it was believed that a similar dose of a pesticide to the withers was more effective but if Face fly populations are the main target , then face and head applications could serve a dual purpose to include Horn fly control . ECL / LLD:tdo Project Su ~ - Leaders : 01 / 07 / 82 R . M . Delmas , SRA IV , UC - SFRFS . Dan Mora , Laboratory Asst . , Extension Vet . Med . Unit Table 1 - Average Number of Horn Fly per head on cattle treated with Ectiban Pour - On and Ear Tag Tape , and with Coopertox Spray , U.C . Field Station , California , 1981 . Ectiban pour - on Ectiban pour - on Coopertox Control Backline Face s ~ ra ~ Group Group Group Group Date # 1 # 4 # 2 # 5 # 3 # 6 # 7 June IOU 155 155 155 155 155 155 170 11 0 0.2 0.3 0 2 0.2 160 15 0 0.2 1 0.5 4 0.3 145 24 1 0.3 3 0.8 6 0.3 133 - . , July . . . 6 0.4 7 5 40 39 76 7 1 8 23 24 27 68 112 15 52 53 42 40 31 21 82 22 59 35 83 52 50 49 71 29 32 106 47 76 106 87 88 2FAug . 3 = ' 35 105 45 65 100 75 85 12 0.6 1 1 0.5 17 23 50 19 6 6 6 45 e 48 89 27 26 74 95 81 87 94 80 Tail Tag Not Ear Tag Not Ear Tag Not Ta ~ e , Treated Taee Treated TaEe Treated Sept . 23 / 35 80 100 90 90 85 85 3 1 104 6 123 2 75 98 9 2 85 2 133 3 71 75 23 5 143 1 119 ' 7 103 134 Not Ectiban Not Ectiban Not Treated eour - on Treated eour - on Treated sera ~ 3oil 9 135 7 125 11 115 155 Oct . 6 44 2 23 6 16 20 242 10 7 4 9 8 8 12 28 17 9 21 - , 6 35 5 34 25 Y Treat ~ ent - - Ectiban pou ! - on - - Pretreatment Fly counts in corrals . y Retreatment - - Ectiban pour - on . y Treatment - - Ectiban Ear and Tail Tag Tape - - Groups 1,2,3 . y Retreatment - - Ectiban pour - on and Coopertox Spray - - Groups 4,5,6 . 12 / 23 / 81 tdo Table 2 . Average Number of Face Fly per head on cattle treated with Ectiban Pour - On and Ear Tag Tape , and with Coopertox Spray , U.C . Field Station , California , 198 ! . Date Ectiban pour - onBackline Group # 1 # 4 Ectiban pour - onFace Group # 2 # 5 Coopertox s.Qra ~ Group # 3 # 6 Control Group # 7 June loY NC NC NC NC NC NC NC 11 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.5 4 4 6 15 - 1 1 1 0.7 3 2 7 24 . 2 1 5 2 3 1 6 ' . July 1 7 4 2 2 1 2 2 3 2 3 3 2 2 1 3 15 0.1 0.3 1 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 22 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.9 1 0.4 29 0.6 1 0.7 2 6 2 3 Aug . 3Y 12 NC 0.5 NC 0.2 NC 0.3 NC 0.3 NC 5 NC 0.6 3 2 19 2 2 4 4 2 2 3 27 2 1 3 1 3 1 2 Tail Tag Taee Not . Treated Ear Tag TaEe Not Treated Ear Tag TaEe Not Treated Sept . 211 3 NC 4 NC 5 NC 0.5 NC 5 NC 2 NC 5 4 6 9 6 5 4 2 4 3 8 23 11 2 6 5 7 4 9 Not Ectiban Not Ectiban Not Treated Eour - on Treated Qour - on Treated sQra ~ 3oil NC NC NC NC NC NC 11 Oct . 6 10 16 5 7 13 15 4 1 - . 3 11 15 9 14 25 23 3 17 12 12 10 14 12 16 5 ] j Treatment - - Ectiban pour - on - - Pretreatment Fly counts in corrals . NC = No count . Retreatment - - Ectiban pour - on . Y 3 / Treatment - - Ectiban Ear and Tail Tag Tape - - Groups It2t3 ~ Retreatment - - Ectiban pour - on and Coopertox Spray - - Groups 4,5,6 . 12 / 23 / 81tdo 11 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - TABLE 3 . MEAN TOTALS ! / FOR HORN AND FACE ON ANIMALS TREATED WITH ECTIBAN AND COOPERTOX SPRAY FLIES POUR - ON Ectiban Pour - On Backline , Grp . 1 & 4 Ectiban Pour - On Face , Grp . 2 & 5 Coopertox Spray Body , Grp . 3 & 6 Control Grp . 7 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -­ HORN FLY - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -­ - . Total 917.8 1053.0 1290.9 1341.6 Mean 3S . 3a 40 . Sa 49.0Sa 103.2b - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -­ FACE FLY - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -­ Total 26.17 36.29 51.44 33.88 Mean 1 . lT 1.6Sa 2.34b 3.0BC ! / Similar between subscrips treatment denote means . no significant difference Table 4 . MEAN TOTALs ! / FOR HORN AND TREA ~ ED WITH ECTIBAN TAPES FACE FLIES ON ANIMALS Tail Tag Tape Grp . 1 Ear Tag Tape Grp . 2 Grp . 3 Control Grp . 7 Total Mean - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ - HORN 112 l4.00a 154 19.2Sa FLY - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -­ 142 l7.7Sa 842 105.1Sb Total Mean - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -­ FACE 44 7.33a 39 . S 6 . Saa FLY - - - - - - - - - - - - - -­ 41 6.8 ~ 69 8.611 ! / Similar subscrips denote no significant difference between treatment means . Early IrrIgation - Liquid Supplement Trial RIck Delmas This study was initiated In 1980 to study the performance of cattle using liquid supplement , and the effect of early irrigation of annual grasslands for early fall growth on the performance of cattle during the fall and winter grazing period . Though the trial needs to be continued for the next couple of years , the following are indicated from one year's data : 1 ) Early irrigation furnishes valuable early fall feed , especially in poor rainfall years . 2 ) Liquid supplement doesn't appear to be as beneficial as concentrates for young cattle during the fall and winter . The conception rate on cattle with only liquid supplement was 8 % to 19 % lower than on the other three treatments . Economically , the liquid supplement was half the cost or less of the concentrate , excluding labor . From this sfandpoint alone a rancher may be wIlling to accept a slightly lower conception rate to obtain the decreased labor and supplement cost . Each individual rancher must measure cost versus production . ( See Table on following page . ) Table : Control Length of Trial 111 No . of Animals 8 Acres / Animal 4.0 AltiS 0.94 Initial Weight 558 Ending Weight 562 % Pregnant No . Acres Green Lbs Green Forage / Acre ( Mean ) Protei n : 10 / 31 11 / 16 Supp . Consumption ( lbs ) 0 Supp . Cost : Hd / Oay 0 Supp . Cost : 112 Day Tri a1 0 C = Cotton Seed Meal B = Ground Barley E . I . = Early Irrigation Range + C & B ~ l : 1 } 112 25 6.0 0.64 622 661 72 4.4 0.42 47.04 Range + Lig . Suee . 112 15 3.0 1 . 24 640 638 64 2 . 18 O . 175 19.60 E . I . + B + E . I . + Li g . Suee . C & B { I : 1 } 112 83 . 16 10 1.9 0.6 1.96 4.64 649 714 676 765 93 80 8t 6 808 1288 10.9 % 14.9 " 10 14.8 " 10 23.2 % 1 . 1 Liq . 3 . 1 B 4.4 0.349 0.42 39.01 47.04 PiWJ leT LEADER'S ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT SIERRA [ OOTHI LL RANGE FIELD STATION 1 - Station Identification No . : · n 1 2 . ExPt . Sta . Proj . No . : CA - D - ARS 311i ~ - H 3 . Experiment Station Project Title : Range and wildland development - employing the knowledge on growth , improvement , and culture to range and wildland plants for the enhancement of manls food supply . outdoor recreation and envi ronment . 4 . Proj ect Leader : B . L . Kay IS . Penod Covered QL ill - - lL [ Lby this Report : mo . yr . mo . yr . 6 . Progress Report : ( Progress during report period toward reaching objectives of this research ) EFFECT OF OAK TREE REMOVAL ON FORAGE PRODUCTION 1981 was the sixteenth year that forage production has been measured in this study . I have considered terminating the measurements because yield increases have not been significant in three of the last four years ( see table ) . However , data show that increases were significant in all of the sixteen years in which forage production on the check treatment ( area covered by live trees ) was below the median of the period ( 1,385 Ib / acre ) . Therefore , in the interest of economy , only the check treatments will be sampled in high rainfall years . If another poor feed year occurs soon we will measure all treatments . Table 1 . Effect of tree treatments on forage yields . Means are for full 16 years of study . YEAR 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 Mean Tens of pounds / acre A Live trees 218 140 203 191 130 115 39 190 100 220 139 144 B Grassland 254 128 209 204 168 139 60 184 161 210 137 174 C Sprouting stumps 314 225 214 263 213 165 77 229 134 218 130 198 D Stumps + 2,4 - D 352 255 247 296 259 206 91 246 155 256 155 226 E Cut - surface 324 226 240 299 247 202 104 264 169 291 165 232 LSD . 05 72 49 NS 52 64 37 32 NS 240 NS NS . 01 102 69 - - 73 90 52 46 - - 330 - - - - PreciEitation ( in . ~ 29 18 40 41 24 13 10 34 24 27 19 27 7 . Publicat10ns Re lated to Stat10n ProJ ect Dur1ng Report Penod : ( This report will be duplicated as submitted , ~ / i / for inclusion in Station Annual Report ) Signatul " e \ Of ~ oject Leader PROJECT LEADJ ; R'S ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT SIERRA FOOTHILL RANGE FIELD STATION 1 . Station Identi ication No . : • No . : CA - B - ENT 2186 - H 3 . Experiment Station Project Title : I ~ tegrated control of flies and the role of dung - inhabiting Insects in the natural recycling of dung In pastoral - wildlands ecosystems . 4 . Project Leader : J . R . Anderson S . Perl Covere . JU . Jll . - . . . u . . . . . aL b this Re ort : mo . r . mo . r . 6 . Progress Report : ( Progress uring report perio toward reaching objectives of this research ) The Ecologv and Population Dynamics of Aphodius fimetarius . The ecological study of the dung beetle , Aphodius fimetarius , was continued by again monitoring the ability of males and females to hib­ernate ( aestivate ) from late Spring to Fall . From May 29 through June 9 we collected and marked 3020 beetles with fluorescent dust . Half of these were released into a beetle - proof , screened field cage in the Scott 14 pasture and the other half were released into a s ~ milar cage at the Howarth pasture o ' Both cages enclosed about 30 ft of natural turf , and each was supplied with fresh dung ( beetle food ) , until no beetles were present . These two cages were monitored for the re - eppearance of beetles from September through December , and cattle droppings from various pastures were sampled for the presence of naturally appearing wild beetles . During the past year the first beetles appeared in pasture droppings on November 4 , when the dung peds had an average of 27 beetles / pad . On different weeks from November 11 through December 11 the density of ~ . fimetarius remained fairly stable at : 29 , 21 , 23 , end 25 beetles / pad . As in previous years the beetle density then began to decline , with 15 / pad on December 15 and less than one per pad on January 7 , 1982 . In the Fall of 1981 , beetles that had been marked and released into the experimental cages first appeared in the Scott 14 pasture on November 9 , 5 days after beetles first appeared in cattle . dung pads in pastures . The marked beetles cont­inued to appear in the Scott 14 cage through December ; with one beetle last appearing on December 16 . No beetles were recovered in the Howarth pasture cage , and through December 16 , only 1 % of marked beetles had been recovered in the Scott 14 cage . This is in marked contrast to the cage recapture rates of 5.7 % in the Scott pasture and 10.4 % in the Howarth pasture . * It appears that beetles marked with the fluorescent dust suffer­ed heavy mortality ; most of the marked beetles recovered had only a few particles of dust under the elytra or under the membraneous wings . Nevertheless , recapture of marked beetles confirmed that ~ . fimetarius naturally hibernates ( aestivates ) in the ground for about 5 months in this part of California . Other methods of marking beetles will be tested during the next seaSon . eer . " 7 . Publicatlons None ( This report will be duplicated as submitted for inclusion in Station Annual Report ) PROJECT LEADER'S ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT SIERRA FOOTHILL RANGE FIELD STATION 1 . Station Identification No . : 48 I 2 . Expt . Stat Proj . No . : CA - D - LAW 2845 - RR 3 . Experiment Station Project Title : . . Field studies of soil erodibility under natural cover and base soil co ~ ditfo ~ s using standardized plots , 4 . Project Leader : G . l . Huntington IS . Penod Covered Ol . - . . . BL - . . J . 2 . . . . . 8L by this Report : mo . yr . mo . yr . 6 . Progress Report : ( Progress during report period toward reaching objectives of this research ) Soil loss a.nd nrecipitation measurements were continued on the statton for the seventh year on the Auburn soils ( Lewis Tract ) , and for the fourth Yf ' : ; r on " , he Arrron " lut soils ( Forhes TrClct ) . A fonow - up study on the C factor flv ! ' lluation ( USLE ) for annual trr2S ~ es and forbs was not fEl ~ lsihle thi ! ' l S8flson . ' ; ~ oni + , ( ) rinl " of soil loss fro ~ + , he fallow plot ~ on the Auburn soils ' \ ' iRS r.ontinued to collpct additional d , gta for the K fact.or study ( USLE ) . The new ! ' lo1i.tter ' boxes , mn collecttne - tanks fo ! ' t , he Arr - ronaut soils functiom ' > . d well . Av < : ra ' " e data froM the standRrd ero sion I'lots fo ~ ' t.he loRl ' ! later ynBr . ' 1 rn a ' " follows : R Soil Loss K SoH Series Ppt . ( in . ) Factor ( TLac . ) Fact , or 1 / • Auburn Ih . 9 27 O . 6 " 2 ! Aro'onAut 11 ) . 2 20 2 . h­y Averarre of 2 stnndard plots . 31 AveY " E ! e of U standard plots . Funds froF : itllestern Rerrional I - roject W - 125 support this study . 7 . Publicat10ns Related to Stat10n proJ ect Dur1ng Report Per10d : ( This report will be duplicated as submitted for inclusion in Station Annual Report ) PIWJ ECT LEADER I S ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT SIERRA FOOTHILL RANGE FIELD STATION 1 . Station Identification No . : 50 3 . Experiment Station Project Title : Supplementation of cattle grazing annual type rangeland , use of crop and animal , waste as a supplement to the diet of range cattle . 4 . Project Leader : J . l . Hull 6 . Progress Report : ( Progress during this research ) Supplementation of replacement heifers with protein and monensin increased ADG by as much as 25 % over the conventional barley supplementation . Due to other trials utilizing the cow herd previously used for the broiler litter supplementation , this trial was discontinued . 7 . Publicat ~ ons Relate to Stat ~ on None " • ( This report will be duplicated as submitted for inclusion in Station Annual Report ) Leader PROJECT LEADER'S ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT SIERRA FOOTHILL RANGE FIELD STATION , 1 . 3 . Station Ioentification No . : 51 Experiment Station Project Title : Sys t ems for the product i on of c.l yes I 2 . Expt . Sta . from r.ngela " ds . Proj . No . : CA - D - ASC 2925 - H 4 . Project Leader : J . G . Herri s IS . Penod Covered 01 31 - 12 8t by this R ~ ort : i1iQ . " ' yr . ili'O ' : " yr . 6 . Progress Report : ( Progress during report period toward reaching objectives of this research ) An evaluation was undertaken of the necessity for vitamin A supplementation of range cows . A group of 12 cows were grazed on range without access to irrigated pasture or B carotene supplements . At monthly intervals over the past year liver biopsies were performed and blood collected for carotene and vitamin A determinations . At no time did circulating vitamin A concentrations indicate that supplementation was necessary . The relationship between hepatic reserves and circulating levels is being examined . 7 . Publicatlons Related to StatlOJl proJect DUl'lng Report Perlod : ( This report will be duplicated as submitted for inclusion in Station Annual Report ) Siguure of Project Leader PROJECT LEADER'S . ANNUAL PROGRESS ~ EPORT SIERRA FOOTHILL RANGE FIELD STATION 1 . Station Identification No . : ro • No . : CA - D - ARS 3111 - H 3 . Experiment Station Project Title : Management of range fertilization and re - seedlng , irrigated pasture renovation , irrigation practice and pasture species composition . 4 . Project Leader : C . A . Raguse ort : mo . r . mo . r . 6 . Progress Report : ( Progress during reaching objectives of this research ) There was no research activity at the SFRFS under this project during 1981 . Two related studies were conducted at Davis as Master's Degree thesis research problems using plants of Ladino clover , strawberry clover , orchardgrass , and perennial ryegrass co11eete from pasture fields at the SFRFS . 1 / . . In the first study - , plant shoot , root , and nodule morphological and yield response to applied nitrogen ( 0 , 60 , 120 , and 180 kg / ha ) and to variation in soil ( root / nodule zone ) temperature variations ( with emphasis on the higher - than - optimal temperatures of mid - summer ) were studied using micro - swards established in containers measuring 35 em x 3 em x 28.5 em ( ht . , width , depth ) . In the second stud ~ / , plants of Ladino clover and strawberry clover grown in a controlled environment facility were subjected to one , two , or three short - term water­stress cycles ( wilting for 10 day - light hours followed by restoration of soil moisture ) . Responses were measured as alterations in plant growth ( both shoot and root ) and by use 0 the acetylene reduction assay as an indirect indication of nitrogen fixation capability . 7 . Publicat10ns Re ate 1 / - Kanyama - Phiri , G . Y . 1981 . Effects of nitrogen , soil texture and temperature on legume morphological development and productivity af perennial ryegrass - orchardgrass­Ladino clover - strawberry clover swards . M.S . Thesis in Agronomy . 2 / - Johnson , K . L . 1981 . Growth and acetylene reduction activity ( nitrogen fixation ) of Ladino clover and strawberry clover in response to repeated cycles of water stress . M.S . Thesis in Range Science . ( This report will be duplicated as submitted for inclusion in Station Annual Report ) PizuJLCT LEAUER ' S A ~ ~ iUAL I'I ! Ot ; Rl ~ SS HLPORT . S I ERRA FOOTH I LL RANGE rI EUJ STATION ~ l ~ . ~ S ~ t ~ a ~ t = i ~ o ~ n ~ I = d = e ~ n = t ~ i ~ f ~ i ~ c_at_l ~ · o ~ n ~ N ~ ' o ~ . : ~ 6 ~ O ~ ________ ~ 1 ~ 2 ~ . ~ r ~ : x ~ p ~ t ~ . ~ S ~ t ~ a ~ . ~ P_r_O ~ j ~ ~ __N_o ~ . ~ : ~ C_A ~ - ~ D_ - ~ X ~ X ~ X ~ 3 ~ 60 ~ 2______ 3 . Experiment Station Project Title : Water quality and ~ utrient cycling aspects of annual rangeland as influenced by rsnge improvement . ~ 4 ~ . ~ p - r - o ~ j - e - ct ~ I ~ ~ e - a - d ~ e - r - : - - P - a - u - l - - L - . - - R - o - w - e - 1 - 1 - - - - - - - - ~ 1 ~ s - . ~ p ~ e - r ~ i ~ od ~ ~ c ~ o - v - e - r - c ~ d - - ~ O ~ 1 ~ ~ 8 ~ 1 - - - - ~ 12 ~ - - _ ~ 8 ~ 1 - - - - -­ . . by this I ~ cl ) ort : mo . yr . mo . yr . ____ 6 . Progress Report : ( Progress during report period toward reaching objectives of this research ) DatE is contirwing to he collected from two stre . ~ ms i " the Schubert watershed . ho \ ' / ever , collection of data from the two streams in the Lewis walel - shed has been discontinued for the prese " t time . This arrangement will allow greater conce ~ tration of effort to the Schubert watershed and will include increased sampling frequency . Data for the 1980 - 81 rai nfall year have been summarized for the four watersheds . These data include precipitat ion inte ~ sily , amount , frequency . and sl - orm hydrographs . Waterquali ty samples were collected during major events and samples were analyzed during the year for nitrate , phosphate , sulfate , sodium , magnesium , calcium and potassium . In addition , suspended solids , electrical conductivi ty . and pH were measured . We will continue to monitor the Schuber - t watershed next year for baseline data . 7 . Publicat10ns Re lated to Stat10n ProJ ect Dur1ng Report Penod : . . . ( This report wi11 be dupIi cated as submitted for inclusion in Station Annual Report ) PIWJLCT LEAIJLI { ' S A ~ NUJ \ L I'IWGRESS REPORT SIERRA FOOTHilL RANGE FlEW STATION 1 . Station Iocntiflcation No . : 61 · ( ' I ) ' N CA 0 A .­ I 2 • 1 : xpt • . > ta . rOJ . 0 . : - - SC 292 ' , - H __ 3 . Experir . : ent Station Project Title : I . , put - ou:put relationships 01 the cow calf system on range . 4 . Project Leader : J , G . Morris IS . Peri ad Covered QL ~ - LLflL by this Report : mo . yr . mo . yr . 6 . Progress Report : ( Progress during report period toward reaching objectives of thi 5 research ) The objectives of this research were outlined in the 1980 report . Many of the same trends observed in 1980 were repeated in 1981 . Body weights of the cows were positively related to level of supplementation ( Table 1 ) . The greatest effect was observed at the start of the breeding season where the difference between the unsupplemented and 2.5 times supplemented cows was nearly 100 kg . Table 1 . Body weight of cows . ( kg ) Dry Start of Start of green Level of Season * Breeding * Season * ~ upp1ement ( 8 - 19 - 80 ) Calving ( 1 - 14 - 81 ) ( 3 - 3 - 81 ) 0 415 367 295 308 0.5 404 385 327 315 1.0 408 410 354 338 1.5 408 415 357 346 2.5 423 415 389 383 * Shrunk all others full body weight Weaning weight of the calves ( Table 2 ) reflected the plane of nutrition of the cows . Although weaning weights were enhanced by supplementation . the largest differences in body weights occurred at the times the dams were mated . Body weights of the calves reflected differential milk production of the cows . As in the previous year . birth weight of the calves was not affected by plane of nutrition of the cows . ( CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE ) 7 . Publicat10ns Re lated to Statlon ProJ ect OUTIng Report PeTIod : ( This report will be duplicated as submitted for inclusion in Station Annual Report ) Sig1j - ure of Project Leader - 2­Table 2 . Body weights of calves . ( kg ) Weight in kg at Level of Cows Suee1ementation Sex Birth Bred Weaning n 0 0 29 46 136 15 26 44 129 13 ~ 0.5 0 29 57 152 12 27 51 132 16 ~ 1.0 0 30 65 149 16 27 63 154 14 ~ 1.5 0 34 73 167 18 30 68 163 13 ~ 2.5 0 33 91 190 10 31 81 175 16 ~ These data will be compiled for use in an economic evaluation of supplementation . . . . PROJECT LEADeR'S ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT SIERRA FOOTHILL RANGE fIELD STATION 1 . Station Identification No . : 63 I 2 . Ex ] ) t . Sta . Proj . No . : CA - D - ASC l670 - WR 3 . Experiment Station Project Title : Early indices of sexual libido in livestock . 4 . Project Leader : E . O . Price Is . Peri od Covered Q.LaL - - . lL JiL by this Report : mo . y_r . mo . yr . 6 . Progress Report : ( Progress during report period toward reaching objectives of this research ) The major objectives of this research with Hereford cattle are : ( 1 ) to determine if individual differences in mounting frequency by juvenile males correlate with individual differences in sexual motivation and performance as adults , ( 2 ) to determine the degree of correlation between sexual behaviors and other biological traits ( e.g . aggressive behavior , semen characteristics , hormone levels , body size , scrotal circumference ) , ( 3 ) to determine the function of mounting ex­perience on the development of sexual behavior , and ( 4 ) to determine the role of penile stimulation on the development of sexual behavior . Over the last 4 years 78 bulls have been obtained from the SFRFS herd to investigate these questions . Twenty - four male calves were brought to Davis from SFRFS in May , 1981 to be used in studying objective 114 . No observations were made on this group at the Field Station . Prior to 1981 all of our observations on juvenile mounting ( Objectives 1 and 3 ) were made in confined situations where estrous heifers were provided as mountingstimuli and inter - animal contacts were frequent . To determine the frequency of juvenile mounting in a more typical range environment 10 male and 9 female purebredHereford calves were observed between January 13 and March 22 , 1981 for a total of 40 hrs . ( 29 different days ) . The calves ranged in age from 48 to 102 days ( x = 80 days ) at the start of observation . A total of 394 calf observation hours were made on the 10 bull calves in the group and 749 calf hours on all 19 calves . Relative to our studies in confinement the rate of juvenile mounting in a typical range environment is very low . A total of 15 mount intentions , 12 mount attempts and 6 mounts ( 33 mount responses ) were observed during the 40 hrs . of observation . Except for one mount intention all of the mounting activities were exhibited by bull calves . The rate of mount responses was 0.084 per bull calf per hour of observation . Nearly all of the mounting behaviors were observed near the feed trough following feeding of supplements . Supplemental feeding was terminated on February 25th and no sexual activity was observed among calves after that date . It was concluded that the mounting experience of 2 - 1 / 2 to 4 - 1 / 2 mo . juvenilecalves in a ranqe environment is very limited 7 . Publlcatlons Re lated to Statlon Pro ) ect Durlng Report Perlod : None , as of yet ( This report will be duplicated as submitted for inclusion in Station Annual Report ) Signature of Project Leader 1 . 3 . 4 . 6 . 7 . P1WJ ECT LEADER ' S A ~ NUAL PROGRESS REPORT SIERRA FOOTHill RANGE FIELD STATION Station Identification No . : 66 I 2 . E £ pt . Stat Pro ] . No . : CA - D - EHl 3398 - H Experiment Station Project Title : Tree establishme ~ t in the California foothills . Project Leader : A . D . Chapman IS . Period Covered Q . ! . - . . m . . - tL . JlL by this Report : mo . yr . mo . yr . Progress Report : ( Progress during report period toward reaching objectives of this research ) To repeat , the mejor - objective of this experimental tree - planting p . ' ogr'C1m is to develop species and cultural practices which can be used to improve ! he ret'Ji " ~ to the h ' 1d - oltl ' 1er , I'ld al the same time the quality of the site a ' 1d i ' . S p'oductive capacity for - multiple uses . CO ' 1tinued work in the Tea Garden Plot , fairly well protected from deer , has show ~ reasonably good resul ts for only a few coni fer ~ a " d hardwoods . The 100St promising at present arc Monterey pine , coast redwood , and varieties of Pinus halepensis ( br'utia and eldarica ) . The most promising hardwoods , to date , are Eucalyptus globulus , camaldulensis ( 2 variants ) , urnigera and grandis . In the lower Plot near the Yuba River , deer and cattle damage , al1d some porcupine debarking , have greatly reduced the choice of species here . The above pines , Arizona cypress , plus possibly tamarisk aphylla and coast redwood still appear promising . The " North Plot " , after 3 years of trial plantings , versus 4 for the other plots , shows promising results for only Arizona cypress , Eucalyptus grandis from 2 sources , and tamarisk aphylla . It is too early to rate the remainj ~ g species , over - all survival rates of which are generally low . No fertilizer tablets have been applied to any of these plots , because other factors limiting growth and survival appear more Important . There was no serious rodent or insect damage noted in any of the 3 plots this past year , and irrigation practices have been generally good , probably supplying around 3 acre feet per growing season of about 6 months . It is now planned to establish semi - commercial plots of a minimum of 112 acre for each of at least 5 of the most promising species in another area of the Sierra Field Station . Publicat ~ ons Relateo to Stat ~ on Pro ] ect DUrl.ng lreport Perlod : ( This report will be duplicated as submitted Dale Chapman for inclusion in Station Annual Report ) Signature of Project Leader PiWJECT LEADER'S ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT SIERRA FOOTHILL RANGE FIElD STATION 1 . Station Identification No . : 6 t . 3 . Experiment Station Project Title : Irrigated pasture studies . 4 . Project Leader : J . L . Hull 6 . Progress Report : ( Progress during report this research ) Preliminary results from the trial initiated to study the effect of protein and / or energy for supplements for yearling replacement heifers grazing irrigated pasture indicate a 10 to 15 % increase in AOG when CSM is added to the barley supplementfed heifers grazing irrigated pasture . The data are in the process of beinganalyzed to see if indicators can be found to show when protein supplementation on irrigated pasture would be necessary and / or economical . Hull ~ J.L . , C.A . Raguse and R . heifers on irrigated pasture . ( This report will be duplicated as submitted for inclusion in Station Annual Report ) Leader PROJECT LEADER'S ANNUAL PIWGRESS REPORT SIEBM FOOTHILL MNG ~ FIELD STATION 1 . Station Identification No . : 6 CA - D - ABS 3111 - H 3 . Experiment Station Project Title : Year - around management of Irrigated pastures . nd improved annual rengela ~ d in the production of beef calves . 4 . Proj ect Leader : C . A . Raguse S . Period Covered Q.L . . . aL - - 1L . . aL b this Re ort : mo . r . mo . r . 6 . Progress Report : ( Progress during report perio toward reaching objectives of this research ) Development work continued in the Campbell Field . A fall - 1980 seeding of a perennia grass - legume pasture mixture on the new irrigated pasture areas was successful except for parts of some fields where irrigation water ( surface flow ) failed to reach . In general , the newly - installed irrigation system performed well . The following work was done on or related to the range fertilization study being conducted on the Forbes Fl / ll / 44 series fields : a . Soil samples were taken from each of the 16 fields . Analyses will be made for P , 5 , Ca , Mg , K , and pH . b . In cooperation with M . B . Jones ( HFS ) , field plots were established at eight locations ( 4 north - facing aspects , 4 south - facing ) . A factorial design was used to compare 4 levels of N ( as urea ) and 4 levels of P ( as low - S concentrated superphosphate ) , plus an exploratory for several combinations of NPS , with two replications at each locati r c . Also in cooperation with M . B . Jones , a greenhouse pot test was set up at the Hopland Field station with rate - element combinations to match those in the field plots , using soil collected at the field locations for the eight replications . The pots were seeded with a mixture of sub and rose clovers together with soft chess . d . M . R . George and W . J . Clawson located sites for a grazing utilization study employing 10 ' x 10 ' exclosures . e . A field - scale experiment with aerial application of nitrogen ( as urea ) at 0 , 40 , 80 , and 120 kg / ha rates ( two fields per replication , two replications per treatment ) is planned for fall 1982 , following evaluation of the tests described above and results of a pre - experiment calibration grazing ( with steers ) beginning February 1982 . Roy Hull , J . G Morris and R . E . Delmas are cooperators from the Department of Animal Science . f . Using Sobrante - Las Posas soil collected at the SFRFS , a study of effects of levels of single superphosphate , with and without N , and effects of fertii } zer placement on emergence , growth , and nodulation of sub clover was completed at Davis - • 7 . Publicatlons Relate to Statlon l / Frost , W . E . 1981 . Effects of supplementary P , S , and N at time of seeding 1n germina tion , seedling establishment and nodulation of subterranean clover cultivars . M.S . Thesis in Range Science . ( This report will be duplicated as submitted for inclusion in Station Annual Report ) PROJECT LEADER'S ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT SIERRA FOOTHILL RANGE FIELD STATION 1 . Station Identification No . : 70 I 2 . Expt . Stat Proj . No . : CA - D - VHB 2539 - H 3 . Experiment Station Project Title : Epidemiology and control of Helminth disease in animals . 4 . Project Leader : N . F . Baker 15 . Period Covered . . Ql . . . . aL - R Jll . . . by this Rep_ort : mo . yr . mo . yr . 6 . Progress Report : ( Progress during report period toward reaching objectives of this research ) This is the third year in which numbers of infective parasite larvae on pasture has been assessed by placing 2 worm - free tracer calves on pasture at monthly intervals . Since this is only one of several locations where these studies are being conducted not all laboratory analyses have been completed.Nevertheless , studies over the three year period demonstrates the occurrence of infective nematode larvae on pastures is repetitive and predictable . The season for the occurrence of disease producing numbers of various species differs little in such diverse regions as the San Joaquin Valley ( Elk Grove ) the East Slope of the Sierras ( Susanville ) or the Sierra Foothills ( UCSFR ) . This studycorroborates the newly emerging concepts of safe and unsafe grazing periods . The application of data from this study can be utilized in managerial decisions and thus in Integrated Pest ( parasite ) Control programs . It is planned that trials designed to establish the value of these IPC programs will be initiated at several locations , including UCSFR , during the 1981 - 82 year . 7 . Publicat ~ ons Re lated to Statlon proJ ect Dur ~ ng Report Perlod : Baker , N . F . , R . A . Fisk , R . B . Bushnell , and M . N . Oliver . Seasonal Occurrence of Infective Nematode Larvae on Irrigated Pasture Grazed by Cattle in California . American Journal of Veterinary Research , 42 ( 7 ) : 1188 - 1191 . ( This report will be duplicated as submit ~ ed for inclusion in Station Annual Report ) ~ gnature of Project Leader PROJECT LEADER'S ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT SIERRA FOOTHill RANGE FIELD STATION 1 . Station Identificatlon No . : 73 I 2 . Expt . Stat Proj . No . : CA - D - ARS 366s - H 3 . Experiment Station Project Title : Blue oak removal : The effect on forage production at different overstory levels . • 4 . Project Leader : H . C . Jansen IS . Period Covered - 2 . L M . . - Jl . . . . § L by this Report : mo . y_r . mo . yr . 6 . Progress Report : ( Progress during report period toward reaching objectives of this research ) Four pairs of 1 / 4 acre plots were established during the fall of 1979 . The Blue . Oak overstory of these paired plots was approximately 0 % , 25 % , 50 % and 75 % . The . tree overstory was removed from one set of four plots by February 15 , 1980 , and 12 wire mesh " igloo " type . cages were placed on all plots by December , 1980 . Cages were located under tree canopy ( or former tree canopy ) and in the open using a stratified random procedure with proportional allocation . During 1981 , three successive clippings were taken from inside the wire cages to determine the total standing crop present on February 21 ( early season ) , April 3 & 4 ( mid - season ) , and June 2 ( late season ) . Preliminary Results ( 1981 ) : Uncleared plots : 25 % , 50 % and 75 % overstory cover . Standing crop at any season did not differ appreciably by overstory level ( Fig . 1 ) . When compared with uncleared , open ( 0 % overstory cover ) plots , standing crop was significantly less in uncle.ared plots at late season , but not at early and mid - season . Overstory cover and standing crop are not significantly correlated for any season ( Fig . 2 ) . Cleared Plots : 25 % , 50 % , and 75 % prior overstory cover . Standing crop is positively correlated with prior overstory cover , particularly when uncleared , open ( 0 % overstory cover ) plots are included in the comparison ( Fig . 2 ) . Tree removal greatly increased standing crop at all three seasons of harvest for all overstory cover levels ( Fig . 1 ) . When compared to uncleared plots of the same overstory cover level , these increases were 100 % early season , 133 % mid­season and 80 % late season . 7 . Publicat10ns Re lated to Statlon ProJ ect Dur1ng Report Per10d : ( This report will be duplicated as submitted ( - - - -­ / / / / ~ ~ ~ ( ~ , / 2r - f - ' fL - - < -­ for lnclu510n ln Statlon Annual Report ) / 51 ' " ' nature of P ' ~ ' ' / I.p.ader BY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . . . SUBJECT . . . . . aMEET NO . . . . . . . . . 01 " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CHKD . BY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DATK . . . . . . JOB NO . . . . . . . . . . U " , c / CAred C / c . . , - tl.d . , JODD I " O ( ) " . y " ' ' ' ' ' . Fig . 1 Standing crop by season for cleared and uncleared plots with 0 , 25 , 50 , and 75 \ cano­py levels . t . / " < : Ie a . , . . " CIe . . . " • • - ~ ' " " f I ~ o " 1 . . 1 ~ . ~ C . . ~ Z , £ 1 , ' ~ I o ~ __________ ~ __________ ~ ____________ o It $ 11 7 '­ rl " ' 1I : C . . " DI'Y ( " Ie ) Fig . 2 Standing crop by tree canopy levels for cleared and un­cleared plots at three seasons of clipping . PROJ leT LEADER I S ANNUAL PIWGRESS REPORT SIERRA FOOItfILL RANGE fIElD STATION 1 . Station Identification No . : 7 No . : CA - D . . ARS 11 - H 3 . Experiment Station Project Title : Effects of range treatments on quail populations and diet . 4 . Project Leader : B . l . Kay QL § . L - LL.n . r . mo . yr . 6 . Progress Report : ( Progress during objectives of this research ) Summary of quail diet and reproduction data ­ Sierra Foothill Range Field Station Camp - Camp - Scott bell Check Mean Scott bell Check Mean 1979 - 80 1980 - B1 No . 2.8 2.8 2.3 2.7 3.2 6.0 2.2 3.3 No . 21 29 19 23 50 14 13 26 Percent by weight of crop samples Rose clover seed 23.5 54 . B 2.3 30.8 16.5 1B . 0 35.7 19.5 Subc10ver seed 0.1 0.03 0.1 2.6 Rose and sub leaves 43.1 12.8 4.9 19.8 0.4 0.8 1.3 0.6 Grass seeds 9.3 0.2 3.6 6.6 Other leaves T 0.6 0.2 0.2 1.9 Lupine seed 6.3 T Other legume seeds 0.4 0.1 Other non1egume seeds 6.3 4.9 4.0 12.1 4.2 12.7 9.9 Acorns 26.4 25.1 89.7 43.3 43.6 65.3 31.8 4B . 2 Insects 0.5 0.2 Inert ( Grit + old plants ) 0.2 1.9 3.1 1.7 11.5 6.2 14.1 10.3 Average weight of crop 0.747 1.808 0.831 1.16 1.07 1.60 0 . B7 1.15 contents ( g dry wt ) eport Peno ( This report will be duplicated as submitted for inclusion in Station Annual Report ) PIWJECT LEADER'S ANNUAL PROGRESS REPOlff SIERRA FOOTHILL RANGE flEW STATION 1 . Station Identification No . : 75 I 2 . Expt . Sta . Proj . No . : CA - D - ARS 311lH 3 . Experiment Station Project Title : Influe ' 1ce of warm season pla ' 1ts in irrigated pasture production . . . 4 . Project Leader : C . B . Wi Iso " 5 . Period Covered . QL . . aL . - - U . . . . . aL1by this Report : mo . yr . mo . yr . 6 . Progress Report : ( Progress during report period toward reaching objectives of this research ) During the first phase of the trial we are observing tropical plants . Varieties were I isted in last year1s report . The Leucaena species was eliminated . Last winter was a relatively mild winter , thus we feel we did not obtain good cold readings on the other species . Further observations will be made this coming year . In the second phase , we have planted species and varieties of Orchardgrass , Tall Fescue and Perennial Ryegrass from the Georgia Plant Station . In addition , planted species of the same plants used in California irrigated pastures . Stand evaluations were made on all species this past year only . This coming year we will obtain yield data . Perennial Ryegrasses Orchardgrasses Ta II Fescues Barl atra Baraula Kenhy Barenya Ba rera Barri et Ari ke Barota Fawn Barpastra Bardouce Barundi Barlano Barvita Alta Li nn Barnauta Barcentra Napl er Sa rves tra Potomac Grimalda 7 . Publicat ~ ons Related to Statlon pro ) ect Dur ~ ng Report Penod : ( This report will be duplicated as submitted for inclusion ~ n Statlon Annual Report ) PROJECT LEADER'S ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT SIERRA FOOTHILL RANGE FIELD STATION 1 . Station Identificatlon No . : 76 I 2 . Expt . Sta . Proj . No . : CA - D - ASC 3938 3 . Experiment Station Project Title : Effects of twin births on the maternal responses of beef cows in a range envi ronment . 4 . Project Leader : E . O . Price 15 . Period Covered JU . jL - . J.L . . aL by this Report : mo . yr . mo . yr . 6 . Progress Report : ( Progress during report perlod toward reaching objectives of this research ) The major objective of this study is to determine differences in the maternal care provided tw1 ' n calves relative to the maternal behavior of cows with singleoffspring when placed 1 ' n a range environment . Observations were conducted duringJanuary , February and March . 1981 at SFRFS on 7 cows with single calves and 5 cows with twi'ns housed i'n a 75A pasture . The animals were observed for 15 hrs . per week during the f1 ' rst two hrs . following sunrise and the two hrs . preceding sunset . Data collected on mothers . included frequency and duration of licking ( grooming ) calves , vocalizattons , butts and butt attempts directed at alien calves and behavioral responses to separatton from calf ( ves ) . Calves were observed for frequency and duration of sucking on own and aUen mothers , frequency and duration of resting , runn1 ' ng , " layi'ng and grazing . frequency of vocalizations and juvenilemounting and prox1 ' m1ty to mother , tw1 ' n and nea ~ est unrelated calf . The data have been compiled but have not yet been analyzed statistically . 7 . Publicatl.ons Related to Statlon ProJect Durlng Report Perlod : None , as Qf yet ( This report will be duplicated as submitted for inclusion in Station Annual Report ) Signature of Project Leader PROJECT LEADER'S ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT SIERRA FOOTHill RANGE FIElD STATION . . 1 . Station Identification No . : 77 I 2 . Expt . Stat Proj . No . : CA - D - ASC 370S - RR 3 . Experiment Station Project Title : Efficacy of sall as a vehicle for selenium supplementatio ~ . 4 . Project Leader : J . G . Morri 5 1 5 • Period Covered Q.L § . . L - 1 . L . A by this Report : mo . yr . mo . yr . 6 . Progress Report : ( Progress during report period toward reaching objectives of this research ) This experiment was undertaken to assess the efficacy and safety of a salt selenium mixture for supplementing range cows . Approximately a year's data have been obtained on two groups , each of 19 mature Hereford cows grazing range and offered two salt - selenium mineral mixtures free choice . The concentration of selenium in one mixture was 40 ppm ( low Se group ) and the other 80 ppm ( high Se group ) . These levels represent : 2 and 4 times the maximal level currently permitted by FDA . . Blood selenium concentrations ( Figure 1 ) were determined on each animal at weekly intervals initially then at monthy intervals . Intake of the salt - selenium mixture was also measured at monthly intervals to obtain total group mean intake of selenium . Blood selenium concentration rose from the initial concentration of 0.035 ~ g / ml to a maxima of approximately 0.225 ~ g / m1 in the high group and 0.150 ~ g / m1 in the low group at about 12 weeks . Then maximal concentrations are within the range of normality and in no way indicate selenium toxicity . Intake of the salt - selenium mixture was not well correlated with blood concentration of se1eniUffl . Then data indicate that the FDA maximal level of 20 ppm selenium in salt supplements is conservative and may be ineffectual in areas of selenium deficiency . There was no significant difference in the weight of the cows at the time the calves were weaned - low group 487 ~ 48 kg ; high group - 481 ~ 57 kg . 7 . PublicatIons Relateo to StatIon ProJect DurIng Report PerIod : Morris , J . G . and Delmas , R . E . ( 1981 ) . portable se1f . . · feeder for supplementingcattle on range . J . Animal Sci'ence , 54 ( 1 ' n Press ) . r ; / \ lW ~ iI.JtA9 - v ' - ; ( ThIS report WIll be duplIcated as submItted for inclusion in Station Annual Report ) sik5tture of Project Leader , - - i - O . 15 ~ ~ ~ . ; , : + - r - : - ~ - ' , - IE . . . . . . . tn ; : l . . . . . . . . E : : : : I . . . . . e Q ) . . . . . Q ) V ) - 0 o o . . . . . co O . 07 c \ - ; " ~ ~ o 5 10 15 20 25 o 5 10 15 20 25 WEEKS WEEKS Fig . 1 . Blood concentration of selenium Fig . 2 . Mean daily intake of the salt - selenium mixture SlJotMARY OF COMMENTS : The foothills of California offer an ideal place for people to pursue farming . Farming in the tradi tional sense , family cer'ltered , labor inter'lsive , small machinery oriented , conservation minded , small ! Hopefully the U . C . Sierra Foothill Range Field Station will accept and meet the challenge of providing research and information appropriate to the fledgling development of a foothill agriculture ethic in which the quality of food and living is paramount . Projects of this nature are few in the 1981 annual report . Possibly we can make II greeter contribution to foothill farming in the future . Degree Days * Year Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Total 1972 207 487 714 857 823 563 296 3,947 1973 822 729 530 380 incoll1Plete 1974 146 474 680 868 911 806 420 4,305 1975 81 561 708 884 853 855 357 4,299 1976 195 589 735 946 760 735 620 4,580 1977 465 279 825 915 884 675 543 4,586 1978 165 574 750 1039 806 585 543 4,462 1979 210 574 750 868 822 840 450 4,514 1980 135 279 449 775 667 570 481 3,356 1981 570 496 825 899 868 690 326 41 674 Total 38,723 Average 4,302.56 * Average high temperature + average low temperature t 2 - 50 x days in the month • Degree Days . Summary of Annual Rainfall ( July 1 - June 30 ) - JrirYear Rain Gauge # 1 * Rain Gauge # 2 1966 / 67 38.43 42.41 1967 / 68 22.50 21.69 1968 / 69 41 . 67 1969 / 70 31.20 1970171 28.67 32.20 1971 / 72 18.57 19.45 1972 / 73 40.25 41.83 1973174 41.05 41 . 98 1974175 24.45 30.15 1975 / 76 12.97 14.20 1976177 10.06 11 . 19 1977 / 78 34.42 40.68 1978179 24.40 28.91 1979 / 80 27.33 32.48 1980 / 81 19.20 20.66 * Rain gauge # 1 was located in the Campbell area at an elevation of ca . 1,100 feet until 9 / 17 / 74 when it was moved to its present site near Headquarters at an elevation of ca . 675 feet . * * Rain gauge # 2 is located in the Forbes Headquarters area at an elevation of ca . 400 feet . INSTRUMENTATION DATA Temperature Recorder : Type Foxboro ( Hod . 40 - 4 ) Serial No . - - = 8 ~ 88 : : : . . 4 . . : . . 9 , " " 3 ~ _____ Date of last calibration _ . . ! . A ! . tp ~ r . . . . . ! i . . . . . ! 1 : . . . . . . ! 1 ~ 5w ' 1 . . . . . . . ! 1 ~ 9i ! . . : : 8 ~ 1 ~ ____________ Remarks : Wind and Special Temperature Recorder : Type Foxboro ( Hod 40 . . 2 ) Serial No . _ . . . : . . 1 : : : . . 89 ~ 3 ~ 5 : : . . : 5 : . . = 6 : . . . - _____ Date of 10 st co I ibration _ - - - = . . . : A:z : : p . . : . . r . : . . . i . : . . . 1 - . . . : . . 1 = : . . . 5.1.1 . . . . . . : . . . 19 ~ 8 ~ 1 ! . - . . ____________ Remarks : __ Anemometer Serial No . _ - . , ; A ; . , ; . - - . . . : . . 1 . : . , . 10 . : . . . : . . . . 7________________ Date of last Co I ibration _ - - - = - A:J:p . . ; . . r . . ; . . i . , : . 1 - : . . 1 . : : , . 5L • - . . : . . 19 : : : , . 8 ; ; : . . , ; , . . 1____________ Remarks : Rain Gauge : Type 192 hr Recordi ng Period Serial No . _ - - = 2 , : : 0 , : : 0tt . , 3______ Date of last calibration _ . . . . . ! A ~ pr : . . . : . . . . . r ! . . . i1 ! . - . . 1 : . . . 5 ~ , L - . . : 1 ~ 9 ! . . : : 8 : . . . : 1 ~ __________ Remarks : LEGEND R - Rainfall in inche . , 24 hour period . T max - Maximum temperature IlF at 80 Inche . during 24 hour period ( Midnight to Midnight ) T min - Mini mum temperature Of at 80 inches ~ urlng 24 hour period ( Midnight to Midnight ) SP Tmax _ Special height maximum temperature Of : during 24 hour period ( Midnight to Midnight ) SP Tmin - Special height minimum temperature Of during 24 hour period ( Midnight to Midnight ) RH + - Relative humidity at maximum dry bulb . RH - - Relative humidity at minimum dry bulb . ST max - Maximum sail temperature of at 6 Inche . during 24 hour period ( Midnight to Midnight ) ST mi n - Minimum sail temperature OF at 6 inches during 24 hour period ( Midnight to Midnight ) K max - Maximum black globe temperature OF during 24 hour period ( Midnight to Midnight ) K min - Minimum black globe temperature OF during 24 hour period ( Midnight to Midnight ) WVd - Average wind velocity MPH 6 a.m . to 6 p.m . WVn - Averoge wind velocity MPH 6 p.m . to 6 a.m . Wd - Prevailing wind 6 a.m . to 6 p.m . Wn - Prevailing wind 6 p.m . to 6 a.m . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - MONTHLY CLIMATIC SUMMARY FIELD STATIONS - DIVISION OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES UNIV E ~ SITY OF CALIFORNIA Location : Sierra Foothi 11 Range Field Station Date Tabulated : Observer : T . C ' a rk Data Recorder : C . Holl i ngsworth ns trumentat Ion ac 5 Pdf0 R July ' Dote 1 ritZ T T RH + ' . RH _ ST ST K K Wn I . data on bkfh0 eet erio eport : 1980 max min IER * * max max min WVd L ~ : : l Wdmin 1 83 61 . 38 34 77 89 80 108 60 4.50 4.50 sw E 10 • 1.2 66 60 . 34 68 76 83 76 79 56 4.50 3.00 SW SE 3 79 58 . 08 40 100 86 71 96 55 4.50 3.00 SW SE 4 79 50 . 381 27 100 88 73 96 47 6.00 6.00 S S 5 80 53 . 371 31 86 89 74 99 49 4.50 3.00 SW s 6 80 54 . 391 31 93 90 76 102 51 1 + . 50 4.50 W / SW SE 7 78 50 . 361 30 86 89 76 96 47 5.25 4.50 SW / S E - - - 8 76 52 . 37 27 93 87 75 94 49 6 . 75 4.50 S SE 9 75 47 . 36 30 92 88 74 96 44 4.50 4.50 SW / W E 10 84 54 . 33 23 80 90 75 105 51 3.00 7 . _2Q . w E 11 88 60 . 41 26 76 92 77 109 59 4.50 3.75 W S f - - - - - -­ 12 82 54 . 381 33 86 91 78 99 50 5.25 1 . 50 SW / S S 13 81 50 . 381 38 100 92 77 100 48 4.50 3.00 sw E - - - - - - - f - - -­ 14 86 53 . 381 30 100 93 78 105 50 13.75 6.75 sw SW / E 15 90 62 . 40 28 71 94 80 112 61 13.00 7.50 SE SE 16 94 67 . 54 24 64 96 82 115 66 6.00 6.75 E / W E 17 95 64 48 29 67 98 83 118 64 3.75_ ~ , OO W E - - - - ~ - 18 88 5S . 43 27 100 96 84 106 58 4.50 2 21 : SW S 19 94 52 391 27 93 96 81 116 50 2 25 3 75 W E 20 94 65 . 401 27 73 98 83 116 63 3.00 3.75 sw E 21 97 64 . 401 26 83 99 84 116 62 3.00 6.00 W E 22 99 64 . 40 . 32 18 100 86 123 76 3.00 6.00 w E __ 23 101 70 . 47 27 61 101 87 122 68 3.00 5.25 W E 24 100 66 . 44 30 78 102 88 126 63 2.25 7.50 sw E 25 104 70 . 50 28 61 103 89 128 69 3.00 9.00 SW E 26 103 73 . 501 32 47 103 90 124 72 3.75 5.25 5 SW / E 27 102 72 . 501 36 71 104 91 125 72 3.00 7.50 W E 28 . 01 O ~ 94 74 . 491 36 64 97 91 121 73 3.00 5.25 W / E E 29 99 71 . 36 30 80 101 88 121 70 3.75 6.00 S E 1 - - -­ 30 98 73 . 50 31 II 102 90 118 71 4.50 4.50 SW 5 31 97 72 . 53 35 62 102 90 119 71 4.50 7.50 E / SW E SUM l1 ~ b 2766 1890 12.64 973 2469 2939 2527 3410 1845 125.5 159.8 ~ - - - - : ~ - : MEAN 89 61 . 41 31 80 95 82 110 60 4.05 5 . 15I * See bock of sheet for legend . ' ' n'rEvaporation Rate ( inches ) for 24 hr period from ca . 8 : 00 a.m . E Averaged Evaporation Rate for periods when readings were not taken daily . - - MONTHLY CLIMATIC SUMMARY FIELD STATIONS - DIVISION OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES UNIVE ~ SITY OF CALIFORNIA Location : Sierra Foothill Range Field Station Date T abvlated : Observer : T . Clark Data Recorder : C . Ho ) 1 i ngsworth Itt t " Ion d t back f s h t Perlo " d 0 f R eport : August 1980ns rumen a a a on 0 ee * Date Wlrl / 2 T T ER * * RH + ' , RH _ ST ST K K WVd WVn 1Wd_ Wn max min max min max min 1 99 72 . 49 19 76 103 90 122 72 3.75 8.25 SW E 2 95 62 . 461 39 89 102 89 118 56 4.50 3.00 SW E 3 94 57 . 461 38 94 100 87 116 54 3.75 3.75 W SW / E 4 85 56 . 461 44 100 98 86 106 53 4.50 3.00 SW SW 5 84 56 . 37 47 100 96 84 102 57 4.50 4.50 S E 6 86 56 . 36 42 100 95 83 109 53 3.00 3.00 W S 7 90 62 . 34 39 76 97 83 112 58 3.75 6.00 w SW / E 8 90 66 . 43 36 78 97 84 112 64 4.50 3.75 W SE 9 93 58 . 43 1 30 87 98 84 116 54 3.00 3.75 SW SW / E 10 96 62 . 441 30 66 98 84 120 60 3.00 4.50 w E 11 99 63 . 441 33 72 99 85 120 60 3.00 3.75 SW E 12 95 64 . 47 36 67 98 85 116 60 3.75 5.25 SW E 13 86 56 . 37 45 100 96 85 105 53 4.50 1 . 50 SW W 14 7I 48 . 36 53 100 92 81 98 45 i5.25 2.25 S SW 15 82 53 . 27 50 100 9_2 80 104 50 i3.00 11.00 sw E 16 81 51 341 46 100 94 81 109 55 , 3.00 6,00 w E 17 8 ] 58 . 351 5_2 100 95 8 ] 110 56 13.00 6.00 SE E 18 75 56 . 351 53 100 91 82 89 53 8.25 3.75 S S 19 81 52 . 37 52 100 92 79 102 48 13.75 3.75 w S 20 84 56 . 29 53 100 93 80 108 53 3.00 3.00 SE E 21 88 56 . 31 32 100 94 81 110 54 3.00 6.00 SW E 22 80 58 . 35 31 87 89 81 114 56 3.00 2.25 SW S 23 80 52 . 321 34 100 90 79 98 49 3.75 ' 6.75 S E 24 84 56 . 321 34 100 91 79 107 54 4.50 5.25 w S / E 25 85 60 . 311 29 82 92 80 106 57 3.00 ~ . OO SW E 26 84 60 . 38 31 76 92 80 104 57 ~ . 50 ~ . OO SW E 27 80 55 . 38 37 80 90 79 98 52 ~ . 50 3.00 SW E 28 80 55 . 34 28 67 90 78 101 52 ~ . 50 ~ . 50 SW E 29 76 48 . 36 30 77 86 76 94 45 ~ . OO 1 . 50 SW E 30 80 51 . 321 37 93 88 76 102 48 3.75 4.50 SW E 31 81 56 . 321 32 87 91 77 101 52 5.25 5.25 W / S SE SUM I 2663 1777 11 . ~ 1192 2754 2919 2541 3329 1690 1 ' lA . 5 132.8 MEAN I 86 57 37 38 89 94 82 107 55 4.02 4.28 * See back of sheet for legend . * * Evaporation Rate ( inches ) for 24 hr period fr < : > m ca . 8 : 00 a.m . I Averaged Evaporation Rate for periods when readings were not taken dally . MONTHLY CLIMATIC SUMMARY FIELD STATIONS - DIVISION OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES UNIVE ~ SITY OF CALIFORNIA Location : Sierra Foothill Range Field Station Date Tabulated : Observer : T . C 1 ark Data Recorder : C . Holl i ngsworth Ittns t'Ion d t back f h t Perlo f Report : brumen a a a on osee . d 0 Septem er 1980 * Oate R T T ER " tt " A " RH + ' , RH_ ST ST K K WVd wVn wd Wn max min max min max min . 1 88 60 . 331 32 88 91 79 108 58 3.00 6.75 sw E 2 86 58 . 331 30 87 91 80 104 56 3.75 6.00 w ~ W / E 3 88 57 . 36 29 81 91 79 110 54 3.00 3.00 w SW 4 90 60 . 33 33 82 92 79 114 56 3 . 75 6.00 E ~ / SW 5 90 64 . 37 30 68 92 80 110 62 3.75 5.25 W E 6 82 57 . 331 26 81 90 80 102 49 4.50 3.00 sw S - 7 78 48 . 331 40 100 88 77 100 44 4.50 2.25 SW S 8 81 58 . 33 1 42 100 89 79 100 56 5.25 2.25 S / SW E 9 84 55 . 28 41 100 90 78 104 52 3.00 3.75 sw E 10 81 57 . 30 35 94 88 - ' 18 100 52 6.00 1 . ) 0 S SE 11 84 53 . 35 41 100 89 " 17 10L ~ 50 3.00 6.00 W E 12 82 56 . 30 39 100 88 78 99 53 L ~ . 50 6.00 SW S 13 69 50 . 281 44 100 87 76 82 47 11.25 9.75 S SE 14 65 50 . 281 44 100 78 72 86 47 6.00 1 . 50 S E 15 76 53 . 281 34 80 81 71 94 50 4.50 4.50 w E - . 16 81 54 . 26 35 86 84 72 102 52 3.75 4.50 w E . - 17 82 60 . 27 36 76 82 75 104 59 2.25 ' - 1.50 sw S / SE 18 72 56 . 20 46 86 82 76 90 54 6.00 4.50 SW / S E - ' 19 76 48 . 27 46 100 82 72 96 45 3.00 6.75 w E 20 76 53 . 281 41 100 82 72 93 48 6.00 2.2S sw E 21 78 47 . 281 30 100 81 7.1 92 44 5.25 3.75 W E 22 84 52 . 281 34 100 83 71 100 49 6.00 6.00 E / W E 23 87 60 . 36 26 60 85 73 110 58 4.50 7.50 E / W E 24 90 61 . 39 28 51 86 75 112 59 4.50 8.25 SE E 25 91 65 . 39 29 54 87 76 114 63 3.75 8.25 E / W E 26 84 59 . 40 34 81 85 77 107 59 3.00 5.25 W E 27 78 50 . 291 43 86 84 74 100 46 3.00 1 . 50 SW E 28 84 47 . 291 40 100 82 72 97 44 4.50 6.00 W E 29 87 58 . 30 37 75 84 72 108 56 4.50 3.75 SE E p ~ n30 83 65 . 31 56 58 ry 75 118 62 3.75 . 6.751 SW SE 31 SUM 2457 1671 9.35 1101 2574 2494 2266 3060 1584 133.5 147.0 MEAN 82 56 . 31 37 86 86 76 102 53 4.45 4.90 * See back of sheet for legend . * " ' l:vaporat i on Rate ( i nches ) for 24 hr period from ca . 8 : 00 a . m . I Averaged Evaporation Rate for periods when readings were not taken daily . MONTHLY CLIMATIC SUMMARY FIELD STATIONS - DIVISION OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES UNIV E ~ SITY OF CALIFORNIA Location : Sierra Foothi 11 Range Field Station Date Tabulated : Observer : Tela rk Data Recorder : C Holl i ngsworth Instrumentation data on back of sheet Period of Report : Oc tobe r 1980 ' Dote " 1 j ; fl2 T T ER * * RH + ' , RH _ ST ST K K WVd Wd WnWVn max min max min max min dry1 94 66 . 39 31 54 88 118 64 3.75 4.50 E / W EDen 2 96 69 . 35 18 49 89 78 117 68 5.25 6.00 E1W E 3 96 70 . 38 54 66 89 79 118 68 5.25 6.00 E1W E 4 95 68 . 381 56 79 89 79 116 65 6.00 7.50 ElW E 5 94 66 . 391 59 90 89 79 118 62 2.25 5.25 W E 6 92 64 . 381 34 95 88 78 110 65 3.00 4.50 W E 7 . 93 66 . 35 55 50 88 78 115 64 4.50 6.75 ElW E 8 92 66 . 41 32 90 88 78 114 65 3 . 75 7.50 E E 9 91 64 . 36 37 58 87 77 113 62 4.50 6.75 SW E 10 77 49 . 36 39 100 83 75 98 46 3.75 3.00 SW E 11 68 45 . 14 43 92 78 70 88 42 3.00 4.50 SE E . 1512 . 15 66 52 . 181 50 100 73 68 82 49 6.00 6.00 S E 13 . 20 21 ) 56 49 . 171 62 100 69 63 66 43 6.75 5.25 E SE 14 61 42 . 05 46 100 66 59 84 38 3.75 3.75 W E 15 64 40 . 12 30 100 66 56 76 36 6.00 4.50 W E - - ~ 16 64 42 . 25 49 91 66 57 90 40 3.00 6.00 E E 17 66 43 . 14 40 82 69 57 84 40 4.50 6.00 E1W E 18 70 44 . 201 44 92 70 58 91 40 4.50 7.50 W E 19 73 48 . 21 1 39 84 72 60 92 45 4.50 6.00 W E 20 76 50 . 211 42 93 73 62 98 48 3.00 6.00 E E 21 77 54 . 22 39 74 72 63 98 51 5.25 5.25 E / W E 22 80 55 . 21 28 74 ] 6 64 102 53 4.50 7.50 w E 23 80 58 . 27 31 58 77 67 102 56 4.50 7.50 S E 24 74 57 . 29 33 69 74 67 94 52 5.25 3.00 S E 25 62 50 . 07 61 100 69 66 74 47 2.25 3.00 W E 26 67 46 · 161 37 100 71 61 86 43 4,50 6.00 E1W E 27 74 47 · 161 14 92 71 60 83 44 9.00 9.00 E / W E 28 " 12 48 . 16 27 56 72 62 92 46 4.50 8.25 S E 29 75 50 24 30 57 72 62 95 48 5.25 7.50 E / W E 30 72 51 . 21 23 52 68 62 90 48 4.50 5.25 E E 31 77 50 · 17 19 57 71 60 98 48 3.75 9.00 E / SW E SUM . 35 L ! O 2394 1669 7.78 1202 2454 2373 2005 3002 1586 140.3 lSJ . 5 MEAN 77 54 . 25 39 79 77 67 97 51 4.53 5.95 * See back of sheet for I egendi ' ) * * Evaporation Rate \ inches for 24 hr period from ca 8 : 00 a·m I Averaged Evaporation Rate for periods when readings were not taken daily . MONTHLY CLIMATIC SUMMARY FIELD STATIONS - DIVISION OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES UNIV E ~ SITY OF CALIFORNIA Location : Sierra Foothill Range Field Station Date Tabulated : Observer : Telark Data Recorder : C Hollingsworth Instrumentation data on back of sheet Period of Report : November 1980 rll # 2 T T ST ST K K " Date ER * * RH + ' , RH WVd WVn Wd Wn - max min max min max min 1 71 53 . 221 19 66 68 62 90 50 4.50 3 · 75 E E 2 78 53 . 211 32 60 72 62 98 50 3.75 3.75 E / W E 3 78 55 . 21 1 40 74 74 64 96 52 3.75 6.0 ( J SW E 4 82 58 . 21 1 27 54 75 65 102 56 3.00 5.25 E SE 5 76 56 . 22 38 69 72 64 98 52 3,00 5.25 SW E 6 79 51 . 17 27 78 72 62 97 50 2.25 6.75 E E 7 07 . 05 70 51 . 23 36 100 67 62 78 47 7.50 4.50 S SW 8 02 . 01 68 47 . 071 38 100 67 60 85 44 3.00 L ~ . 50 E E 9 67 47 . 121 33 92 65 58 90 45 3.00 3.00 W W 10 57 46 . 101 47 92 61 57 66 42 1.50 2.25 W W 11 64 45 . 06 34 92 64 55 90 42 1 . 50 3.75 SW E 12 62 41 . 10 27 91 63 55 80 38 3.00 3.00 W E 13 6L , 37 . 13 26 90 63 53 8 ~ 3L ~ 3.00 8.25 SW E 63 42 . 15 26 65 62 53 82 39 5.25 ~ . ' : ; 0 E / W E14 15 65 39 . . 17 1 11 71 61 ( ; 3 77 37 7.50 6.75 E E 16 58 40 . 171 22 55 59 53 72 38 3.00 6.00 SW E 17 67 45 . 181 14 60 63 53 85 42 3.75 7.50 W E 18 65 46 . 27 30 53 63 54 87 43 3.75 7.50 W E 19 64 44 . 17 26 67 62 54 82 41 4.50 3.75 E / W E 20 65 42 . 14 30 66 61 53 84 39 3.00 7.50 SW E 21 59 46 . 15 22 61 57 54 74 43 4.50 6.00 SW SE 22 18 . 20 56 48 . 04 1 62 57 58 55 66 47 1 . 50 . 75 SW SW 23 08 . 10 56 46 . 041 67 100 57 56 65 42 3.00 4.50 S E 24 02 . 04 60 40 . 041 17 72 56 50 71 34 8.25 4.50 W E 25 60 36 . 19 3 ~ 90 54 47 78 34 4.50 4.50 E E 26 66 42 . 09 32 73 57 48 86 38 3.75 3.00 W E 27 66 44 . 10I 36 92 59 49 82 41 2.25 3.00 sw SW 28 67 44 . 12 1 38 83 59 50 87 40 1 . 50 6.00 E ISE 29 58 47 . 12 I 59 84 56 52 64 46 6.00 6.00 SE / S SE 2 . , 30 . 21 s8 41 . 06 ' 54 100 57 51 74 38 4.50 3.75 S / SW E 31 SUM Ib2 . 61 1969 1372 ~ . 25 1004 2307 1884 1664 2470 1284 113.3 145 . S MEAN 66 46 . 11 , 33 77 63 55 82 43 3.78 4.85 * See back of sheet for legend . * * Evaporation Rates ( inches ) for 24 hr period from ca 8 : 00 a m I Averaged Evaporation Rate for periods when reedings we ' · e not taken daily MONTHLY CLIMATIC SUMMARY FIELD STATIONS - DIVISION OF AGRICUL TURAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Location : Sierra Foothill Range Freid Station Date Tabulated : Observer : T . Cia rk Data Recorder : C . Hol1 i ngsworth Instrumentation data on back of sheet Period of Report : December 1980 * Oate 1Rill I T ER * ' " RH + ' . RH _ ST 51 K K WVd WVn Wd Wn m ! x min max min max min 1 2 ( J . 2e 51 40 . 09 52 100 53 49 61 37 2.25 6.00 E ISE 2 . 1 ( J l.a 57 50 . 01 58 78 52 52 54 46 12 75 11.25 SE SE 12.1 IJ ~ an3 . ~ 54 48 over 61 100 52 51 50 48 ~ 5 . 00 15.00 SE . SE 4 . 12 3 - 55 37 . 23 39 100 53 46 70 34 3.75 6.00 SW SE 5 52 36 . 06 34 100 51 44 68 33 4.50 8.25 E E 6 52 34 . 111 29 100 so 43 74 30 3 75 3 75 E E 7 r ; 4 32 . 101 8 75 48 42 64 29 750 4.50 E E 8 54 35 , 101 26 90 48 40 74 31 1 50 3.00 E E 9 51 30 , 07 39 100 48 40 68 30 3 75 225 E E 10 56 34 . 07 29 89 49 40 74 29 3 00 75 sw SW 11 55 31 . 05 33 100 49 40 74 29 I 50 2.25 SW SE 12 56 30 . 06 29 100 49 40 74 29 2.25 1 50 -­ 13 60 37 . 061 29 90 50 41 83 35 2.25 1.50 - E 14 58 38 . 071 31 80 51 42 77 35 300 3.00 E SW 15 64 40 . 071 44 90 53 44 84 37 I 50 3.00 E E 16 69 40 . 07 44 90 54 45 88 37 J . 50 2.25 - E 17 69 49 05 49 92 57 47 89 44 2.25 3.00 w E 18 62 44 . 09 48 100 54 50 84 41 1 50 3 . 75 - E 19 58 40 04 5 ~ 100 54 47 78 37 2.25 I 50 - W 20 SC ] . 6 ~ 41 . 041 43 100 54 47 76 38 3.00 1.50 E ES9 06 . 0121 54 47 . 031 73 69 51 49 52 44 5.25 2.25 SE w 22 . 02 . 0 . 52 40 . 021 86 90 53 49 59 36 1.50 3.00 - E 23 55 36 . 02 57 100 52 46 79 34 1.50 6.75 W S / E 24 56 ~ 9 . 04 34 100 50 46 70 36 3 · 75 3.00 SW S 25 62 43 . 031 48 91 54 49 82 40 3 00 1.50 W / E ­ 26 52 39 . 031 66 100 51 49 70 36 3.00 1.50 W SE 27 51 36 031 66 100 50 46 74 34 2.25 . 75 - E 28 ' ) 3 40 031 67 100 51 46 74 38 1 50 1 . 50 -­ 29 . 04 . 0 ~ 45 38 031 68 100 so 47 48 36 1 50 1 50 E W 30 44 3 [ ; . 01 68 100 49 46 ' 16 34 2 25 1 SO - S 31 . 01 . 01 42 32 . 02 66 100 48 45 50 32 1 50 75 - E SUM . W : . 411 > 1712 1191 173 1477 2924 1588 1408 2178 1109 105 8 108 0 MEAN 55 38 06 48 94 51 45 70 36 3 41 348 * See bock of sheet for legend . * * Evaporation Rate ( inches ) for 24 hr period from ca 8 : 00 a.m Averaged Evaporation Rate for periods when readings were not taken dailY · I - - MONTHLY CLIMATIC SUMMARY FIELD STATIONS - DIVISION OF AGRICUl TURAl SCIENCES UNIV E ~ SITY OF CALIFORNIA Location : Sierra Foothi 11 Range Field Station Date Tabulated : Observer : T . CIa rk Data Recorder : C . Ho 11 i ngswo r t h Instrumentation data on back of sheet Period of Report : January 1981 * Date # lR # 2 T T ER * * RH + , RH _ ST ST K K WVd WVn wd Wn max min max min max min I 1 01 01 41 30 02 64 100 47 44 48 30 1.50 1 . 50 - W . 012 01 49 28 . 02 50 100 46 43 48 29 1 . 50 3.75 - SE . 2 ' ; 3 . 2f 50 40 . 02 44 100 47 45 49 37 300 2.25 E W . 01 . 014 62 38 . 03 57 100 52 44 80 35 3.00 1.50 W E 5 . UI 02 52 36 . 02 53 100 50 45 70 34 1.50 3.00 S E 6 46 32 . 02 61 100 48 45 60 31 3.00 3.00 W ­ 7 46 30 . 03 53 100 47 44 62 29 1.50 2.25 E S 8 42 29 . 03 66 100 45 42 46 29 2.25 1 . 50 W ­ 9 38 28 . 01 61 100 44 42 43 29 1 . 50 1.50 W ­ 10 39 28 . 01 63 100 44 41 46 29 1 . 50 1.50 SW ­ 11 38 28 . 01 61 100 44 41 45 29 1 . 50 1 . 50 SW ­ 12 05 . 05 48 30 . 02 56 100 44 41 56 30 . 75 1 . 50 - E 13 62 42 . 01 41 91 51 43 81 38 1 . 50 4.50 SW NE 14 65 44 . 06 44 92 S3 44 81 40 3.00 3.00 W E 15 65 47 . 08 44 84 54 46 86 44 2.25 6.75 W SE 16 . 15 . 15 60 47 . 07 55 100 54 49 74 45 5.25 6.00 S E 17 f05 . 05 62 49 . 07 41 100 53 49 66 45 5.25 1 . 50 SE / W ­ 18 66 48 . 05 46 100 56 49 87 46 3.00 6.00 E SE ~ 2 . . . 19 . 2 ~ 60 48 . 08 39 100 53 51 63 44 9.00 3.00 E E 20 63 30 . 05 53 88 55 50 81 48 3.00 6.00 SE W / E 21 66 52 . 05 36 100 55 52 72 50 3.00 4.50 E E I·tl : 9322 62 48 . 07 36 100 52 49 64 44 7.50 7.50 SE E ~ 23 I · 1.0 S3 43 08 54 100 52 49 62 41 10.50 6.00 SE S 24 52 36 . 06 48 100 52 45 70 29 4.50 300 E / W E 25 53 31 . 06 41 100 50 42 66 31 6.00 6.00 SE E 26 . ~ . 38 48 41 . 06 40 91 48 44 52 38 4.50 1 . 50 E W 27 ~ 2 ~ OC 54 44 . 06 74 82 48 47 53 42 13.50 20.25 SE SE ~ . a : . 8 ' 28 51 47 . 23 65 84 49 47 56 39 4 . 25 10.50 S / SE S / SE . 3 ( 29 . 25 50 38 . 12 44 100 49 45 62 34 7.50 4.50 S / SW E 3c30 l36 50 36 . 03 44 100 49 44 72 31 3.75 6.00 W E 31 53 28 . 07 36 100 49 40 68 28 5.25 5.25 E E SUM t fbS 6.71 1646 1176 1.60 1570 3012 1540 1402 1969 1128 135.0 1 ~ . 5 MEAN 53 38 . 05 51 97 50 45 64 36 4.35 4.40 * See back of sheet for legend . MONTHLY CLIMATIC SUMMARY FIELD STATIONS - DIVISION OF AGRICUl TURAl SCIENCES UNIV E ~ SITY OF CALIFORNIA Location : Sferra Foothi 11 Range Ffeld StatIon Date Tabulated : Observer : T . CIa rk Data Recorder : C . Ho 11 i ngsworth . . lnstrumentation data on back of sheet Period of Report - February 1981 ' Dote rfTR1iL T T ER ~ RH + , ' RH _ ST ST K K WVd WVn Wd Wn mox min max min mox min 1 52 32 . 071 48 100 49 41 74 30 3.75 3.75 E SE 2 58 40 . 071 42 80 51 43 74 37 2.25 5 . 2 ~ - ElSE 3 62 41 . 09 37 56 52 43 80 38 3.75 6 . 7 ~ E E 4 58 38 . 11 31 90 52 43 77 35 5.25 6 . 7 ~ E E 54 50 100 49 45 70 36 4.50 4.5C s ~ / SE5 39 · 12 6 54 38 . 04 50 90 50 43 74 36 3.00 4.5C W E 7 58 40 . 071 42 80 53 43 78 38 4.50 1.5C E E 8 54 43 . 051 50 82 49 46 58 40 1 . 50 . 75 S ­ 9 05 02 62 42 . 051 48 100 55 46 81 39 3.00 6.75 S E 10 55 44 • 10 56 100 53 47 67 42 3.75 5.25 E ISE 11 , l ( . 1C 60 47 . 03 65 100 55 50 82 43 3.00 4.50 E E 12 66 47 . 07 50 83 58 49 86 45 4.50 6.00 E ~ / SE 13 ~ 35 . 55 60 51 . 08 55 93 53 51 59 48 6.00 9.00 ElSE SE 14 ~ 27 . 10 66 52 . 061 54 100 60 53 88 48 4.50 3.00 S E 15 66 49 . 061 50 93 59 52 84 47 5.25 3.75 E E 16 T ' . 17 66 49 . 061 40 85 67 51 88 47 5.25 3.00 S E 17 65 48 . 06 54 100 60 53 82 46 3.75 3.75 E / W E 18 69 50 · 13 49 78 63 52 86 48 3.75 6.0C SW E 19 ~ 08 , 04 64 38 · 15 53 100 58 50 76 33 10.50 3.00 SE W E / W20 65 37 . 22 35 100 56 48 74 36 14.25 6.00 E / W 21 68 40 · 191 52 100 60 47 88 36 3.00 5.25 SW E 22 72 48 . 191 54 70 63 50 94 43 3.00 7 . Se W SE / E 23 2C 21 63 43 . 201 43 100 61 52 82 42 9.00 10.510 E / S SE 24 1.02 . 02 50 40 • 18 51 100 53 49 60 38 10.50 7.50 S SE 1 - - , 25 12 1 ~ 49 39 . 08 50 90 52 47 62 47 6.00 7.50 SE / S E 26 1.02 . 0 ' 48 41 . 06 63 91 50 46 60 37 6.00 9.0C SE / E E 27 58 40 . 06 42 81 54 44 81 37 4.50 7.5 ( J W E 28 05 oS 56 46 . 081 63 84 52 46 72 40 4.50 4.50 SW E 29 30 31 SUM 1.41 l . ~ 1678 1202 b . 73 1377 252 ~ 154j 1330 2131 1132 142.5 153 . ( MEAN 60 43 • 10 49 90 55 48 76 40 5.09 5.4E riee back of sheet for legend . Evaporation Rate ( Inches ) for 24 hr period from ca . 8 : 00 a.m . I Averaged Evaporation Rate for periods when readings were not taken daily . - - MONTHLY CLIMATIC SUMMARY FIELD STATIONS - DIVISION OF AGRICUl TURAl SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA • Location : Sierra Foothi 11 Ral " lge Field Station Date Tabulated : Observer : T . C 1 a rk Data Recorder : C . Holl i ngsworth Instrumentation data on back of sheet Period of Report : March 1981 • * Oate Wlr # 2 T T ER ~ RH + ' , RH _ ST ST K K WVd wVn wd Wn max min max min max min 1 61 43 . 08 66 94 56 46 78 40 4.50 4 . ~ ; ( W ElSE . 022 03 56 42 · 12 57 100 54 49 70 38 2.25 4.5 ( - E 3 56 41 . 07 48 100 54 47 70 38 7.50 6.0C S S / SE 4 1 OC l.i D48 40 · 06 85 100 52 48 46 38 4.50 3.0C S SE 5 64 36 . 02 67 100 56 46 74 33 6.75 3.75 W E 6 56 37 · 18 51 100 54 46 72 34 5.25 5.25 SW / SE 7 60 45 · 121 55 100 57 48 78 42 4.50 6.00 SIS \ - , E 8 64 43 · 121 58 100 60 48 80 40 4.50 6.00 W E 9 68 46 · 121 69 lOa 64 50 90 43 3.00 6.00 W E 10 58 39 · 16 69 100 65 52 88 44 3.75 8.25 E E 11 68 47 · 17 52 84 67 53 90 44 6.00 8.25 E / SW E 12 66 46 20 40 100 63 54 91 41 8.25 6.00 SE SE 13 ~ 2 4 ~ Ih 41 10n ~ 7 1 ) 1 61 40 1 00 450 E E 14 54 45 . 061 56 100 55 52 68 42 3.00 6.00 E E 9015 . OC 50 46 . 06 1 64 92 52 50 52 III 2.25 5.25 E t > E / E . . 16 05 03 58 39 . 061 69 100 58 47 72 36 6.00 3.75 W SE 17 60 38 . 18 34 90 58 46 82 34 5.25 6.00 W E 18 ~ 62 7 57 47 · 17 52 84 53 50 60 45 7.50 4.50 S / E ~ E / E 9 , l19 1.01 51 45 . 04 65 100 52 50 62 42 7.50 6 . 75 E t > E / S 20 12 16 54 42 . 06 38 lOa 52 48 68 38 9.75 9.00 SE E 21 2 ~ . 27 56 46 . 071 63 84 54 48 66 41 9.00 6.00 S / SE E 22 57 47 . 091 58 92 56 50 72 44 3.00 6.00 S E 23 r tr 64 44 . 091 39 lOa 60 49 86 41 4.50 7.50 SW E 24 64 46 · 16 49 76 60 50 91 43 4.50 4.50 E SE 25 . 99 1.1 ( 57 44 · 17 75 lOa 60 55 62 40 10.50 6.00 S S 26 58 40 . 08 64 100 58 50 76 37 6.00 3.00 SW / W E 27 67 38 · 15 38 100 61 49 79 35 8.25 6.75 W E - - , -­ 28 67 46 . 201 69 84 64 51 90 43 4.50 7.50 W / SW SE 29 ~ O 2.0 ' 60 38 . 201 70 100 61 54 74 34 1 . 25 5.25 S E 30 59 37 . 20 1 76 100 62 49 75 34 4.50 6.00 SE t > E / E 31 61 43 . 201 40 100 61 51 75 40 7.50 7.50 SW ~ E / E . ' . : 1SUM 5.61 1831 1319 3.82 1770 2980 1796 1539 2302 1226 178.5 179.3 MEAN 59 43 · 12 57 96 58 50 74 40 5 . 76 5.78 * See back of sheet for legend . * * Evaporation Rate ( inches ) for 24 hr period from ca . 8 : 00 a.m . I Averaged Evaporation Rate for periods when readings were not taken daily . MONTHLY CLIMATIC SUMMARY FIELD STATIONS - DIVISION OF AGRICUL TURAL SCIENCES UNIV ERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Location : Sierra Foothill Range Field Station Date Tabulated : Observer : T . C 1 a rk Data Recorder : C . Ho 11 i ngswo rt h Instrumentation data on back of sheet Period of Report : Apri 1 1981 - * Date ¥ lR # 2 T T ER * * RH + ' , RH _ ST ST K K WVd WVn Wd Wn max min max min max min 1 o ~ . 03 58 41 . 14 42 100 62 54 84 36 3.00 3.00 S E , . , 2 63 36 24 100 64 51 76 34 6.75 5.25 E · 13 3 63 40 . 27 42 100 67 52 84 37 It . 50 5.25 E / H E 4 72 43 . 22 1 67 82 70 54 89 1 + 0 1 + . 50 7.50 E / lo / S ( 5 74 51 . 22 I 76 93 74 57 98 49 5.2S II.liO W E - " " 6 67 44 . 221 47 100 73 59 89 40 4.50 4.50 IN ISE 7 4L ~ . 22 100 92 40 8 65 42 · 2L ~ 44 100 73 59 90 38 9 68 44 . 20 43 100 74 59 go 40 10 64 46 . 22 43 84 72 60 82 40 ~ f ' 0 . : : J . : : : ; . . . . 11 61 40 . 2S I 51 90 71 58 80 38 0 - eo 64 100 lI.J ' I­12 67 38 . 251 71 57 82 36 13 72 45 . 261 38 100 75 58 97 h2 14 78 53 . 25 37 73 79 62 103 51 3.7 ) 6.75 W ElSE 15 73 491 . 30 35 100 75 6L ~ 97 47 4.50 6.00 SE E 16 73 50 . 27 43 64 76 63 95 47 1 : . 50 7.50 SEiS E 17 77 S2 . 26 38 100 76 65 98 50 4.50 3.00 E / W \ / 18 . 20.2C 60 48 · 13 55 100 69 62 81 46 7.50 7.50 S / SE SE . 45 19 . 6 ~ 50 4 , · 10 85 100 61 56 l ~ 7 4 ) 10.50 5.25 SE E I 20 tr tr 63 l ~ 6 . 06 53 100 65 55 81 44 3.75 4.1;0 E ' " 21 75 49 · 17 52 100 69 57 88 47 6.00 3.00 w ­ 22 80 116 . 20 48 87 76 62 99 54 3.00 7.50 W E 23 80 60 . 29 59 100 81 67 102 54 4.50 4.50 S / SW SE 24 73 50 . 29 51 85 78 68 94 48 4.50 6.00 WISE SE . 03 . 0 25 62 46 · 19 1 31 100 70 62 81 42 5.25 4.50 SH SE 26 62 4S . 191 41 100 70 60 86 42 5.25 3.00 - E 27 77 l . . 3 . 191 li 91 75 59 88 40 9.00 6.00 W HIE 28 88 1 + 6 . 38 59 83 82 66 103 sl ~ 6.00 6.00 ~ J E 29 87 63 . 44 72 89 85 71 114 61 4.50 4.50 ' . 0 / E 30 91 68 . 27 57 100 89 74 116 66 4.50 4.50 SE E ! W 31 SUM . 71 . 88 2043 llf25 6.82 1436 2821 2122 1751 n06 13L ~ 8 120.0 120.0 MEAN 70 L ~ 8 . 23 50 94 73 60 90 l ~ 5 Ij . 22 5.22 * See back of sheet for legend . ~ ' rl , Evaporation Rate ( inches ) for 24 hr period from ca . 8 : 00 a.m . I Averaged Evaporation Rate for periods when readings were not taken daily . MONTHLY CLIMATIC SUMMARY FIELD STATIONS - DIVISION OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES UNIV E ~ SIT Y OF CALIF ORNIA Location : Sierra Foothill Range Field Station Date Tabulated : Observer : T . C 1 a rk Data Recorder : C . Holl j n9sworth Instrumentation data on back of sheet Period of Report : May 1981 * Date fF I R1fZ T T ER " ( ' f , RH + ' , RH _ ST ST K K WVd wVn wd Wn max min max min max min 1 85 s8 • 3L ~ 61 100 89 75 104 56 4 . ~ ) C 7 . Se S S / SE 2 72 Lf6 . 32 62 100 84 72 94 44 3.25 ~ . 7S \ v SE 3 76 Lf4 . 32 56 100 81 6Q 98 42 3.7S 5.2r H E 4 71 lf6 . 34 54 100 82 68 ~ 4 42 4 . SO ' : l.r . . \ . J E 5 72 44 . 27 . . 100 81 74 98 1 ~ 2 4.1 ) 0 3.7 . r : , I , . ! W / E 6 71 lf2 . 29 50 - 79 65 84 40 7 . r:O 6.00 W f 7 76 47 . 36 57 9_2 82 66 98 44 4 . r:o 7 . S0 SE / \ · , E 8 80 54 . 35 62 ] 4 83 68 94 1 ) 1 6.00 Ll . 50 W W / E 9 84 55 . 34 67_ 100 86 70 108 ' - 2 4.50 6.00 SW SE / E 10 84 54 . 34 75 100 87 72 104 C2 1 71 ) ' 3 if : , - . SlL W / E 11 82 50 . 34 33 100 87 72 103 49 3.75 6 . 7 ) \ . J [ : 12 84 58 . 41 91 59 . . 74 103 56 - - -­ 13 ~ 3 57 . 35 34 100 . . - 100 54 4.50 5.25 S E 14 Z3 56 . 35 43 74 - - 8 < ) ' l3 6 F 4 50 S SE 15 70 42 31 2 < ) 65 . . - < ) 2 40 ' 3 00 6 00 SW ~ / 1N \ " • 16 71 41 35 21 72 . . - 84 38 ' 1 SO 7 50 NW E 17 07 . 05 72 54 . 35 90 60 . . - 92 51 8.25 2.25 SE S 18 2 ~ 29 64 56 . 20 62 100 . . . ( . . . 76 44 ] ' 50 7.50 S / SE S / SE 19 65 46 . 13 71 92 . . ~ - 86 42 6.00 4.50 S / SW E 20 70 46 · 13 37 100 - ~ - 90 42 5.25 5.75 SE / S ~ SE / 21 75 52 . 25 37 79 . . E - 98 49 4.50 3.00 SW E 22 80 54 . 26 38 87 . . I . . 97 50 3.00 5.25 sw SElE 23 86 61 . 29 36 82 . . " - 108 58 3.75 2.75 SH E 24 84 62 . 29 44 95 . . ~ - 103 r ; 9 5.25 3.00 $ \ ' ; E 25 . 0 : . 05 79 62 . 29 44 94 . . - 102 60 3.75 6.75 sw S 26 83 6,0 . 28 43 94 . . - 106 58 6.00 6.00 S ­ . . . 27 91 60 . 34 28 88 90 74 106 57 6.00 6.00 N N / S o . ~ 01 I'D c : 28 92 62 . 44 34 77 93 78 112 58 3.00 3.00 - S U .­ . - . : . t . S S " U L29 86 57 . 3L • 39 94 92 78 108 54 3.75 2.25 c : Q - - , ; . 30 86 58 . 37 33 100 92 79 108 56 3.00 3.00 . . - ; 3 . . . , ' 0we31 90 60 . 37 28 76 94 78 114 58 2.25 6 . 75 . . ­ SUM . tt . . 39 2437 1644 9.69 1461 2654 1382 1232 3053 1551 144 . C 148.5 MEAN 79 53 · 31 49 88 86 72 98 50 4.80 4.95 * See back of sheet for legend . m ' : Evaporation Rate ( inches ) for 24 hr period from ca . 8 : 00 a.m . I Averaged Evaporation Rate for periods when readings were not taken daily . MONTHLY CLIMATIC SUMMARY FIELD STATIONS - DIVISION OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES UNIV E ~ SITY OF CALIFORNIA Location : Sierra Foothill Range Field Station Date Tabulated : Observer : T . C I a rk Data Recorder : C . Holl i ngsworth Instrumentation data on back 0 f 5 heet erio 0 eport : 1981PdfR June # 1R # 2 T T ER " " RH _ ST ST K K * Oate RH + ' . WVd WVn Wd Wn max min max min max min 1 85 61 . 37 27 82 92 80 104 60 if 50 6.00 S ­ 2 82 58 . 41 32 88 92 78 100 57 5.25 6.00 tv IN ! E 3 89 62 . 39 32 71 94 79 106 60 4.50 4.50 SIN ! W E 4 98 70 . 42 36 61 96 82 114 67 6.75 6.00 E / IN E 5 96 71 . 54 39 75 98 84 116 69 5.25 3.75 IN W ! E 6 90 66 . 391 44 90 96 84 111 64 4.50 6.00 IN E 7 84 62 . 391 57 89 92 82 103 59 6.00 3.00 E / IN E 8 82 62 . 391 60 94 92 81 98 60 9.00 6.00 SW S ~ J 9 84 56 . 43 28 87 94 79 107 52 3.00 3.00 SIN SE 10 82 56 . 36 33 87 91 80 106 54 1 . 50 l ~ . 50 w E 11 83 62 . 36 30 61 90 79 98 59 19.00 6.00 S SW 12 74 50 . 40 26 78 88 77 93 46 15.25 2.25 SE ! \ v E 13 73 1.5 . 441 24 75 86 74 86 41 17.50 4 . SO H IN 14 83 54 . 441 57 60 87 74 95 50 9.00 6.00 W W ! E 15 94 60 . 441 26 100 92 76 110 57 5.25 6.75 W W ! E 16 96 66 . 42 23 50 96 80 119 64 6.75 3.75 W E 17 92 62 . 44 18 61 95 81 107 58 6.00 3.00 ' vi E 18 97 63 . 49 21 52 96 82 111 62 7.50 3.00 W SE 19 101 70 . 50 22 70 98 84 115 68 7.50 3.75 w IN 20 100 72 . 501 28 62 100 86 124 69 3.75 6.00 SE ! W E 21 102 72 501 - - 101 87 118 70 ~ . 50 ~ . Oo \ . J W ! E 22 103 72 . 501 23 46 102 88 126 79 3.75 3.75 E E 23 96 68 . 52 28 52 101 88 116 64 2.25 2.25 SW SE 24 98 65 . 41 24 73 101 87 120 64 3.00 3.00 SW SE 25 101 67 . 42 28 69 101 89 124 66 13.00 + . 50 WE SE 26 100 69 . 45 30 60 102 89 122 66 3.00 4.50 S \ . J SE 27 100 69 . 431 24 60 103 89 123 67 3.00 5.25 IN SE 28 99 68 . 431 - 69 103 89 121 66 3.00 3.75 SW SE 29 92 62 . 431 34 - 101 88 114 59 3.00 4.50 IN S / E 30 94 63 . 42 24 89 100 88 115 60 4.50 3.75 S S 31 SUM 2750 1903 13.03 1078 2011 2880 2484 3322 1828 147.8 135.0 MEAN 92 63 . 43 38 72 96 83 111 61 4.93 4.50 * . S ~ e back of sheet for legend ) ~ ( EvaporatiQn Rate { inches for 24 ~ r period from ca . 8 : 00 a.m . 1 Averaged Evaporation Rate for periods when readings were not taken daily . REPORT OF STATION LABOR AND FACiliTY USAGE STATION : Sierra Foothill Range Field Station PERIOD COVERED BY REPORT : July 1 , 1980 through June 30 , 1981 DATE REPORT PREPARED : July 28 , 1981 BY : C . Hollingsworth . ' , 1 . Summary of Laborh USage - Hanhours ( see pages 2 - 4 for listings ) Available Assigned USed in % USage for for Period of of Assign . % Year Year this Report Used Year Stat ion Operations 11 • 122 11 . 122 13,958.5 126 100 Research Proiects 12.225 12 ' 225 9 307 . S 1 ~ 6 100 Total 23.347 23.347 2J , 266.0 100 100 2 . Supplemental Labor - Hanhours A . Outside Sources ( Growers Cooperatives ) Station Operations Research Projects B . Contract Labor ( S & E Funds ) Station Operations Research Projects C , Departmental ( list by Departments if avai lable ) 3 . Summary of Land Usage ( Acres - net plot acreage ) Avai lable Assigned Usage for for In Use % Year Year Usage Natural Reserve Area 272 272 272 100 Resea rch Plots 5.095 5.095 5,095 100 Fallow , Uniform Cropping or Cash Crops Unassigned Pasture or Range 354 354 354 100 Total 5.721 5.721 5 721 100 4 . Summary of Building USage - Assignable Squire Feet AVli llble ASSigned ASF % Usage for Yelr for Year In Use USaqe 0 1.816 1 . 107 1,816 100 100 Seri es l 352 352 352 100 Offi ces . Labs , Greenhouses ~ G 200 Seri es 34,500 32,297 34,500 100Service Buildings 300 Seri es 9,221 7,601 9,221 100Dwellings 400 Seri es 2,271 2,271 2,271 100Temporary Structures * ; . ~ Applies to all staff employees on Field Stltion Payroll ( does not include Academic Staff ) alld is based on current staff listing plus G.A . fund allocation . Unless noted otherwise , unassigned G.A . hours are computed on hourly rate for Farm Laborer Step 1 . REPORT OF Sierra Foothill Range STATION LABOR AND FACILITY USAGE ( cont'd ) 6 . Station Operations - Manhours of Labor By Usage ~ tatlon % Ident . No . Descr i pt ion Budgeted Hours Us , ~ d to D . 3te Use to Budgeted 01 02 03 04 05 06 Supervision and Administration Personnel Training and Education Field Days Public Service HoI idays Vacat ion 1.800 20 50 SO 900 1t 2SO 11 ~ JZ · S 30.5 a 9j ~ - - r , lf7 ~ ] 08 61 0 I ] a 102 118 . 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Sick Leave Special Leave Open - Supp1 i es Building Maintenance - Series 100,200 & 400 Headquarters Grounds Maintenance Janitorial Headquarters Exterior Utilities Maintenance Refuse Disposal Fire Protection Field Exterior Utilities Maintenance Field General Maintenance Equipment Maintenance 600 0 lllll ~ Zll ] SQ 35Q 21l1l IIlQ SQ JQQ SSQ800 882'2 ] 30,5 31l / t . 5 ~ 96 ] 59 392 ] ] 5 la . 5 56 264 ZOO 284.5 ) IfZ - J3Q , 5 ] Q2 106 ] Q6 ] ] 2 58 19 112 261 + 12Z 36 19 , 20 21 Vehicle Maintenance ( Li censed ) Non - Station Owned Equipment Maintenance Construction of Equipment & Facilities 800 a 924 h 116 - 4 ( Operating Budget ) 50 - 141 . : 2 28J 22 Series 300 Building Maintenance ( Residences ) 50 F9 758 23 Capital Improvement Projects a 24 Weather Stations ~ OO 411 1 ~ 7 25 Cash Crops , Non - Project Animal Care , Fa 11 ow and Uniform Cropping 100 -­ 81 . 5 82 26 Safety , Secu r i ty and Inventor i es 100 133 13 ~ 27 Off - Station Research Projects 0 28 Open 0 2.5 2.5 29 Open - McDonald / Kellogg 112 ~ 2 - - lz600.5 184 Tota 1 s 11 , 122 13,958.5 126 Open Codes may be used to meet individual station needs . . ' REPORT OF SIERRA FOOTHILL RANGE FIELD STATION LAlOR AND FACILITY USAGE ( cont'd ) Research Projects - Manhours of L.bor by Rese.rch Project : Station Ident . No . Project No . Assigned for Yr L.bor Used to D.te Hours % llsed Assigned this Qtr Used this Jltr Land ( ac . ) Assigned for Yr Remarks 34 CA - D - ASC . 3,800 3,439.5 91 950 1 , 122 2,198 Hull 2988H 37 CA - D - ARS 3114H 75 66 88 25 42 10 Kay 40 CA - B - ENT 150 169 113 37.5 43 none Anderson 2186H 48 CA - D - SPN 8245RR 200 25 13 50 9.5 3 / 4 Hunting­ton 49 CA - D - EHT 50 0 0 12.5 0 15 Kohl 3398H 51 CA - D - ASC 300 314.5 105 75 128 none Morri s 2925H 54 CA - D - ARS 10 10 Wilson 3111 H ' 55 CA - D - ARS 150 62 41 37.5 6.5 25 Raguse 3111 H 60 CA - D - XXX 800 959.5 120 200 227 none Rowe 11 3602 61 CA - D - ASC 3,000 2,465.5 82 750 257.5 2,300 Horri s 2925H 63 CA - D - ASC 50 14.5 29 12.5 3 none Pri ce 13545H 64 CA - D - ARS 50 0 0 12.5 0 2 McHenry 3114H 66 CA - D - EHT 250 195 98 62.5 75.5 5 Chapman 3398H 67 CA - D - ASC 600 667 111 150 275.5 13 Hull 2988H 69 CA - D - ARS 2,000 445 22 500 50.5 650 Raguse 3111H 70 CA - D - VMB 50 35 70 12.5 9.5 none Baker 73 2539H CA - D - ARS - 0 0 0 0 2 Jansen 3665H 74 CA - D - ARS - 0 0 0 0 none Kay 3114H 75 CA - D - ARS 50 12.5 25 12.5 2 1 Wi 1son 3111H 76 CA - D - ASC 250 170.5 68 62.5 62.5 none Price 77 3938 CA - D - ASC 400 210.5 53 10d 24.5 none Morri s 3705RR 78 CA - B - ENT 36.5 33 none Falcon 3855RR - - -­ Totals 12,225 9,307.5 74 3,062.5 2,381 . 5 5,221.75 , Animal Science Department - Rick Delmas , 12 months or 2,088 hours . Student Help - 7 students , total 2,622 hours .