Rootstocks
Rootstock Details by Vigor : Standard
Bailey
Other Names
Species
Prunus persica
Origin
Selected in Iowa about 1836
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Fair
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Poor
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Normal
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
Yes
Rootknot Nematode
Susceptible
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Unknown
Phytophthora
Susceptible
Armillaria
Susceptible
Crown Gall
Unknown
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Summary Comments
A standard rootstock for more northern peach growing areas because of good cold tolerance. However, it is susceptible to root-knot nematode and offers no advantages over Nemaguard.
References
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Cadaman
Other Names
Species
Prunus persica x Prunus davidiana
Origin
Introduced in France by INRA, but selected in Hungary
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Similar to Nemaguard in NC-140 trials. In Europe, it is reported to start off very vigorous, then slows down after 4 or 5 years.
Waterlogging Tolerance
Good
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Good
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Unknown
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
No
Rootknot Nematode
Resistant or tolerant
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Unknown
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Propagated by softwood or semi-hardwood cuttings
Summary Comments
Widely used in Europe because of its tolerance to calcareous soils. Has looked promising in NC-140 trials.
References
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Cornerstone
Other Names
SLAP
Species
Prunus dulcis x Prunus persica
Origin
USA, Burchell Nursery
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Slightly more vigorous than Nemaguard in the 2001 NC-140 trial.
Waterlogging Tolerance
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Good
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Unknown
Compatibility with Plum
Suckering
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Anchorage
Precocity
Fruit Ripening
Flower Timing
Flower Density
Cold Hardiness
Rootknot Nematode
Resistant or tolerant
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Nematode Explanations
Similar to Nemaguard in California tests (Nematode Table)
Bacterial Canker
Phytophthora
Armillaria
Crown Gall
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Summary Comments
Performed well in the 2001 NC-140 trial. However, 2 of the 8 trees suddenly collapsed in 2003 from unknown causes.
References
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Guardian
Other Names
BY520-9
Species
Prunus persica
Origin
USDA, released in 1993
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Fair
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Poor
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Normal
Flower Timing
Normal
Flower Density
Normal
Cold Hardiness
No
Rootknot Nematode
Resistant or tolerant
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Partly resistant
Nematode Explanations
Has root-knot nematode resistance, but slightly less than Nemaguard. Has greater resistance to ring nematode than Nemaguard and is thus less susceptible to bacterial canker.
Bacterial Canker
Resistant or tolerant
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Susceptible
Crown Gall
Unknown
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Seed propagated
Summary Comments
Similar to Nemaguard in many ways but is substantially less susceptible to bacterial canker and Peach Tree Short Life, and is thus widely planted in southeastern USA.
References
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Krymsk 86
Other Names
Kuban 86
Species
Prunus cerasifera x Prunus persica
Origin
Russia
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Good
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Good
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Good
Suckering
Some
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Unknown
Fruit Ripening
Unknown
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
Yes
Rootknot Nematode
Susceptible
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Unknown
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Susceptible
Crown Gall
Partly resistant
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Summary Comments
Being evaluated in the 2009 NC-140 trial. After 4 years, it has survived well, looks healthy with no suckers, and makes a standard size tree. Otherwise, we have little experience with this rootstock.
References
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KV 010-123
Other Names
Species
Prunus persica (peach)
Origin
Introduced by USDA scientist Ralph Scorza
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Anchorage
Precocity
Fruit Ripening
Flower Timing
Flower Density
Cold Hardiness
Yes
Rootknot Nematode
Lesion Nematode
Ring Nematode
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Phytophthora
Armillaria
Crown Gall
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Seed propagation, good germination
Summary Comments
A red leaf, cold hardy rootstock introduction from the USDA breeding program of Dr. Ralph Scorza. It is propagated by seed and has good germination. Little is known of its disease susceptibility. It has performed well in the first four years of the 2009 NC-140 rootstock trial.
References
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KV 010-127
Other Names
Species
Prunus persica (peach)
Origin
Introduction from USDA scientist Ralph Scorza
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Suckering
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Anchorage
Precocity
Fruit Ripening
Flower Timing
Flower Density
Cold Hardiness
Yes
Rootknot Nematode
Lesion Nematode
Ring Nematode
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Phytophthora
Armillaria
Crown Gall
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Seed propagation, good germination
Summary Comments
A red leaf, cold hardy introduction from USDA scientist Ralph Scorza. Little is known about its susceptibility to pests and diseases. After four years in the 2009 NC-140 rootstock trial it appears to be slightly dwarfing with good fruit size.
References
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Lovell
Other Names
Species
Prunus persica
Origin
California, selected about 1882
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Fair
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Poor
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Good
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Normal
Flower Timing
Normal
Flower Density
Normal
Cold Hardiness
No
Rootknot Nematode
Susceptible
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Partly resistant
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Resistant or tolerant
Phytophthora
Susceptible
Armillaria
Susceptible
Crown Gall
Susceptible
Disease Explanations
One of the better rootstocks in terms of resistance to bacterial canker.
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Seed propagated
Summary Comments
Has been a standard peach rootstock for many years, but now is not widely used in California because of root-knot nematode susceptibility.
References
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Marianna 26-24
Other Names
Species
Prunus cerasifera x Prunus munsoniana
Origin
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Slightly less vigorous than Myrobalan 29C
Waterlogging Tolerance
Good
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Poor
Compatibility with Plum
Good
Suckering
Lots
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Suckers profusely
Drought Tolerance
Anchorage
Precocity
Fruit Ripening
Flower Timing
Flower Density
Cold Hardiness
Rootknot Nematode
Resistant or tolerant
Lesion Nematode
Susceptible
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Susceptible
Phytophthora
Partly resistant
Armillaria
Resistant or tolerant
Crown Gall
Partly resistant
Disease Explanations
Best rootstock to use if Armillaria (Oak Root Fungus) is a problem
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Summary Comments
Standard rootstock for plums in California, especially in heavy soils where Nemaguard does not do well, or where Armillaria is a problem. However, it tends to have many root suckers.
References
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Myrobalan 29C
Other Names
Species
Prunus cerasifera
Origin
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Good
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Poor
Compatibility with Plum
Good
Suckering
Some
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Anchorage
Precocity
Fruit Ripening
Flower Timing
Flower Density
Cold Hardiness
Rootknot Nematode
Resistant or tolerant
Lesion Nematode
Susceptible
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Susceptible
Phytophthora
Partly resistant
Armillaria
Partly resistant
Crown Gall
Partly resistant
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Summary Comments
A standard rootstock for plum in California, especially in heavier soils where Nemaguard does not do well.
References
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Nemaguard
Other Names
FV 234-1
Species
Prunus persica (originally thought to also have Prunus davidiana, but molecular studies indicate it is primarily P. persica)
Origin
USDA in 1959
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Fair
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Poor
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Good
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Normal
Flower Timing
Normal
Flower Density
Normal
Cold Hardiness
No
Rootknot Nematode
Resistant or tolerant
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Susceptible
Phytophthora
Partly resistant
Armillaria
Susceptible
Crown Gall
Partly resistant
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Seed propagated
Summary Comments
Main rootstock used in California because it is resistant to root-knot nematode and is compatible with peach, nectarine and plum. It makes a vigorous, productive tree with good fruit size. However, it does not tolerate waterlogged or calcareous soils and is susceptible to many soil pests including ring nematode, bacterial canker and armillaria.
References
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Nemared
Other Names
Species
Prunus persica
Origin
USDA, released in 1983
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Poor
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Poor
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Good
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Normal
Flower Timing
Normal
Flower Density
Normal
Cold Hardiness
No
Rootknot Nematode
Resistant or tolerant
Lesion Nematode
Susceptible
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Susceptible
Phytophthora
Partly resistant
Armillaria
Susceptible
Crown Gall
Partly resistant
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Seed propagated
Summary Comments
Very similar to Nemaguard in most ways, except it has red leaves.
References
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Siberian C
Other Names
Species
Prunus persica
Origin
Ontario Canada in 1967
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Same vigor as Nemaguard in 1984 NC-140 trial
Waterlogging Tolerance
Poor
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Poor
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Normal
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
Yes
Rootknot Nematode
Susceptible
Lesion Nematode
Susceptible
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Susceptible
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Susceptible
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Summary Comments
Selected in Canada for cold hardiness, but susceptible to nematodes and soil diseases.
References
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Viking
Other Names
Species
Complex Prunus hybrid that is reported to be 1/2 peach, 1/4 almond, 1/8 plum and 1/8 apricot
Origin
USA from Zaiger Genetics
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Reported to be very vigorous, but California studies have shown it to be equal to Nemaguard.
Waterlogging Tolerance
Unknown
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Good
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Unknown
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
No
Rootknot Nematode
Resistant or tolerant
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Partly resistant
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Resistant or tolerant
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Unknown
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Hardwood cuttings
Summary Comments
A vigorous rootstock compatible with peach and nectarine that is one of the most resistant rootstocks to bacterial canker (Bacterial Canker Report 2006), even though it is not completely resistant to ring nematode. It is resistant to root-knot and partially resistant to lesion nematode (Nematode Table), similar to Nemaguard.
References
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