- (Focus Area) Natural Resources
- Author: Esther N Lofton
- Author: Amrita Mukherjee
- Author: Grant Johnson
Our blog is a dedicated resource for anyone interested in the vibrant world of urban agriculture and water resources. Designed to inform, inspire, and empower our readers, here's what you can expect:
Research and Insights
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Innovative Practices: Learn aboutcutting-edge research on hydroponics, aquaponics,high tunnel crop production for seasonal extension, vertical gardening, cover cropping, water management, and phytoremediation for sustainable urban farming techniques.
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Case Studies: Explore successful urban food production projectse.g. soil health management practices, safe food production and postharvest handling from community gardens to rooftop farms and learn about the strategies that made them thrive.
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Environmental Impact: Understand the ecological benefits of urban farming, including soil and water conservation, water quality, biodiversity enhancement, and carbon footprint reduction.
Practical Guides and Tips
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How-To Articles: Step-by-step guides on starting your own urban garden,farm site selection, and designing, whetherit's a small balcony setup or a full-scale community project. Also, learn about implementing best management practices to protect water resources.
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Plant Care: Expert advice on selecting, planting, biodegradable mulch useand maintaining drought-tolerant and native plants suited to SoCal's climate.
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DIY Projects: Creative and practical DIY ideas for building your vertical gardens, compost systems, water quality best management practices and more.
Community and Extension
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Local Events: Stay updated with local workshops, farmers' markets, garden tours, and educational events in the SoCal region.
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Community Stories: Hear from urban farmers, community leaders, and gardening enthusiasts about their journeys, challenges, and successes.
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Resources and Support: Access a wealth of resources, including links to local gardening groups, government and non-government grants/ funding for growers and extension services, and sustainability organizations.
Policy and Advocacy
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Regulatory Updates: Keep informed about local policies, zoning laws, and incentives that impact urban farming in Southern California.
Conclusion
The SoCal Urban Food Production Blog is your go-to platform for all things related to sustainable urban farming in Southern California. Whether you're a seasoned gardener,traditional growers, a curious newcomer, or a community leader, our blog provides the knowledge, inspiration, and connections you need to cultivate a thriving urban food landscape.
- Author: Kathy Keatley Garvey
She's the little Concord, Calif., kindergarten student who declared--on the very first day of class-- "When I grow up, I want to be an entomologist!"
And she did.
RJ received her bachelor's degree in entomology in 2021 from the University of California, Davis, and then accepted a four-year, full-ride fellowship offer to complete a doctoral program at the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH). She's a doctoral candidate of comparative biology in the Richard Gilder Graduate School at AMNH and studies in the lab of Professor Jessica Ware.
RJ studies the twisted-wing parasites, order Strepsiptera. As larvae, they enter their hosts, including wasps, bees and cockroaches, through joints or sutures.
Fast forward to today. Her newly published research, “Collection Methods and Distribution Modeling for Strepsiptera in the United States,” is the cover story in the August issue of the journal, Environmental Entomology.
It's not often that an entomologist's first published doctoral research scores the cover of an academic journal.
The cover image shows a parasitized northern paper wasp, Polistes fuscatus, with three male Xenos peckii pupae visible in its abdomen. The image is the work of John and Kendra Abbott of Abbott Nature Photography, Tuscaloosa, Ala.
“The twisted-wing insect parasite order (Strepsiptera) is an excellent example of how beautifully complex evolution and life's interconnectedness can be,” RJ says. “These obligately endoparasitic insects infect several other major orders of Insecta, including true bugs, mantises, cockroaches, flies, wasps, crickets, and even silverfish. Because of this, they can be very difficult to find and study.”
She became interested in the twisted-wing parasites while studying for her entomology degree at UC Davis. In 2019, she was one of four UC Davis undergraduates selected for a two-year funded research career with the University of California Leadership Excellence through Advanced Degrees (UC LEADS) program, which prepares promising students for advanced education in science, technology, mathematics and engineering (STEM). The UC LEADS scholars embark upon a two-year program of scientific research and graduate school preparation.
Guided by UC Davis Distinguished Professor Jay Rosenheim (now an emeritus), RJ launched her independent research project on those bizarre Strepsiptera endoparasites that attack their hosts, the Ammophila (thread-waisted) wasps. Over a two-year period, she studied thousands of specimens at the Bohart Museum of Entomology.
The Bohart Museum houses a worldwide collection of eight million specimens, including “about 30,000 specimens of Ammophila from multiple continents,” according to UC Davis Distinguished Professor Emerita Lynn Kimsey, who directed the museum for 34 years before retiring Feb. 1, 2024, Global wasp authority and UC Davis doctoral alumnus Arnold Menke, author of the book, The Ammophila of North and Central America (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae), identified most of the Ammophila specimens in the Bohart Museum. His book is considered "the bible" of Ammophila research.
RJ went on to enter a poster, “Parental Care and the Risk of Maternally Vectored Pathogens: Ammophila Transmit Strepsipteran Parasites to Their Young,” in the March 2021 Koret UC LEADS Symposium poster competition and won top honors.
And now, her paper in the Environmental Entomology journal is online at
https://academic.oup.com/ee/issue/53/4.
In their introduction, RJ and her team wrote that Strepsiptera “have a cosmopolitan distribution, but they can be difficult to collect for many reasons. As the larval stages are obligate endoparasites of other insects, strepsipterans are necessarily restricted to the ranges of their hosts and may have patchy distributions among host populations. The neotenic females dwell permanently within the abdomens of their insect hosts, with the exception of some members in the family Mengenillidae. Male strepsipterans can be collected independently of their hosts once they eclose and enter the free-flying adult stage.”
“However, they are likely to still be found within their host ranges since they live for only a few hours and must mate within that time. Females and males range from 0.5 to 5 mm and can be easily overlooked in host abdomens (females) or malaise traps There are no standard procedures for the collection of Strepsiptera, since they parasitize such a wide variety of insect hosts—they are documented to parasitize 7 orders comprising approximately 36 insect families, and these hosts inhabit many different environments.”
Co-authors are Anna Eichert, a doctoral candidate of comparative biology in the Ware lab, and Ware, an AMNH evolutionary biologist and curator. Millena credited Kathy LaPoint of Black Rock Forest, Cornwall, N.Y., for images “taken during our collecting trips,” and Abbott Nature Photography for images of a male Xenos peckii in flight and an Isodontia mexicana parasitized by Eupathocera auripedis.
“My work on the evolution and biology of these tiny insects,” Millena said, “is motivated by how much I want everyone to appreciate the unfathomably intricate lives of the organisms we take for granted every day.”
Well said, and well done!
![RJ Millena, a doctoral candidate of comparative biology in the lab of Professor Jessica Ware, American Museum of Natural History (AMNH) holds a copy of the journal RJ Millena, a doctoral candidate of comparative biology in the lab of Professor Jessica Ware, American Museum of Natural History (AMNH) holds a copy of the journal](/blogs/blogcore/blogfiles/108522.png)
![This image shows a twisted-wing insect (Xenos peckii) male pupae in dark paper wasp (Polistes fuscatus) (Abbott Nature Photography) This image shows a twisted-wing insect (Xenos peckii) male pupae in dark paper wasp (Polistes fuscatus) (Abbott Nature Photography)](/blogs/blogcore/blogfiles/108584.jpg)
![This image of UC Davis entomology graduate RJ Millena shows her jumping for joy while wielding an insect net. (Photo taken in 2021 by Kaylee Fagan) This image of UC Davis entomology graduate RJ Millena shows her jumping for joy while wielding an insect net. (Photo taken in 2021 by Kaylee Fagan)](/blogs/blogcore/blogfiles/108586.jpg)
- Author: Kathy Keatley Garvey
Folks are looking forward to the next open house at the Bohart Museum of Entomology at UC Davis.
It's set Saturday, Sept. 28 from 1 to 4 p.m. and the theme is "Museum ABC's: Arthopods, Bohart and Collecting." It's free and family friendly. Parking is also free.
The Bohart Museum, located in Room 1124 of the Academic Surge Building, 455 Crocker Lane, UC Davis, hosts open houses throughout the academic year. It's an opportunity to talk one-on-one with the scientists and see the displays.
The Bohart Museum houses a global collection of eight million insect specimens. Plus, it maintains a live petting zoo (including Madagascar hissing cockroaches, walking sticks and tarantulas) and an insect-themed gift shop, stocked with T-shirts, hoodies, jewelry, posters, books, collecting equipment and more.
The Bohart scientists kept regular visitors' hours this summer on Tuesdays. Visiting hours are now over for this summer. Also, starting Monday, Sept. 1 and continuing through Sept. 22, the insect museum will be closed to the public. See website. Also see the Bohart video from last year, featuring then director Lynn Kimsey, UC Davis distinguished professor of entomology and now emerita, as of Feb. 1, 2024. She continues her research at the Bohart and also continues as the newsletter editor.
Assuming the reins of director, as of Feb. 1: Professor Jason Bond, the Evert and Marion Schlinger Endowed Chair, UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology, and associate dean, Agricultural Sciences, UC Davis College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences.
Meanwhile, mark your calendar for Saturday, Sept. 28. If you're lucky, you may see a monarch flying around on campus on its way to an overwintering site along coastal California. If not, visit the Lepidoptera collection, curated by entomologist Jeff Smith. You'll see lots of monarch specimens.
Smith says the number of moth and butterfly specimens at the Bohart is about 825,454. Of that number, some 618,750 are moth specimens and the rest are butterflies.
For more information, access the website at https://bohart.ucdavis.edu/ or email bmuseum@ucdavis.edu.
![Entomologist Jeff Smith, curator of the Lepidoptera collection at the Bohart Museum of Entomology, with a drawer of monarch specimens. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey) Entomologist Jeff Smith, curator of the Lepidoptera collection at the Bohart Museum of Entomology, with a drawer of monarch specimens. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)](/blogs/blogcore/blogfiles/108509.jpg)
![A closeup of a male monarch on a Mexican sunflower, Tithonia rotundifola, in a Vacaville garden. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey) A closeup of a male monarch on a Mexican sunflower, Tithonia rotundifola, in a Vacaville garden. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)](/blogs/blogcore/blogfiles/108510.jpg)
![A closeup of a female monarch on lavender in a Vacaville garden. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey) A closeup of a female monarch on lavender in a Vacaville garden. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)](/blogs/blogcore/blogfiles/108511.jpg)
- Author: Kathy Keatley Garvey
A praying mantis, Stagmomantis limbata, stretches beneath a Mexican sunflower, Tithonia rotundifola, in a Vacaville garden.
Ms. Mantis: (Startled to see she is not alone) "Well, hello, there! How are ya? I'm just dropping by to say Hello!"
Photographer: "So, this is a meet-and-greet? And not a meet-and-eat?"
Ms. Mantis: "Exactly. I'm not interested in eating bees or butterflies. Ooh, there goes a honey bee! Ooh, there's a long-horned bee! Omigosh, a butterfly!"
Photographer: "You're just looking?"
Ms. Mantis: "No, just stretching. See, I've closed my spiked forelegs."
Photographer: "Then why did you move beneath the blossom?"
Ms. Mantis: "For the shade. Yes, that's it. For the shade."
Photographer: "Sounds pretty shady to me. Just admit it, you're hungry."
Ms. Mantis: "Well, now that you mention it, I guess I could use a bite to eat. Just a little bite...a little bee...a little butterfly..."
Photographer: "A quick bite?"
Ms. Mantis: "Lightning fast! One-twentieth of a second! Now, if you'll excuse me..."
The camera clicks. The mantis vanishes...along with an unsuspecting bee.
![A praying mantis, Stagmomantis limbata, stretches beneath a Mexican sunflower, Tithonia rotundifola, in a Vacaville garden. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey) A praying mantis, Stagmomantis limbata, stretches beneath a Mexican sunflower, Tithonia rotundifola, in a Vacaville garden. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)](/blogs/blogcore/blogfiles/108479.jpg)
- Author: Kathy Keatley Garvey
Talk about flower power.
When you walk through the UC Davis Bee Haven, a half-acre garden on Bee Biology Road, west of the central campus, you'll see bees and other pollinators foraging on a pink floribunda rose cultivar, “Nearly Wild." It's flamingo pink, quite fragrant and very buzzworthy, providing both pollen and nectar.
This cultivar is aptly named "Nearly Wild." It has five petals, just like wild roses.
The garden, installed in 2009 and a project of the UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nemalogy, is located next to the Harry H. Laidlaw Jr. Honey Bee Research Facility. Director of the haven is apiculturist/researcher Elina Lastro Niño, associate professor of Cooperative Extension, based in the department.
A six-foot long worker bee, the ceramic-mosaic work of Donna Billick of Davis, anchors the garden, as honey bees from the nearby Laidlaw apiary gather nectar and pollen.
But back to the “Nearly Wild” roses.
They remind us so much of the truly wild roses we've seen growing along river banks, roadsides and in fields. Roses (family Rosaceae and genus Rosa) originated some 25 million years ago. Many of today's roses are the result of centuries of breeding.
What's the story behind "Nearly Wild" and what are its characteristics?" The Missouri Botanical Garden website says this is "a floribunda rose ('Dr. W. Van Fleet' x 'Leuchstern') which typically grows 2-3' tall (less frequently to 4') and as wide. It is a dense, shrubby plant which features clusters of mildly fragrant, single, pink roses (to 3" diameter) with center clumps of prominent yellow stamens. Five-petalled flowers are reminiscent of some species roses hence the cultivar name. Flowers bloom continuously from May to frost. Glossy dark green foliage. Introduced by Brownwell in 1941."
The UC Davis Bee Haven is currently being renovated, but you can still visit from dawn to dusk. Admission is free.
![A pink floribunda rose cultivar, A pink floribunda rose cultivar,](/blogs/blogcore/blogfiles/108454.jpg)
![A native bee seeks to join two honey bees in gathering nectar and pollen from a floribunda rose cultivar, A native bee seeks to join two honey bees in gathering nectar and pollen from a floribunda rose cultivar,](/blogs/blogcore/blogfiles/108455.jpg)
![Side view of a honey bee foraging on a Side view of a honey bee foraging on a](/blogs/blogcore/blogfiles/108456.jpg)
![A honey bee foraging on A honey bee foraging on](/blogs/blogcore/blogfiles/108457.jpg)