- Author: Pam S Kan Rice
Modificar la Ley Agrícola puede reducir las barreras a las que se enfrentan los estudiantes
En el 2015, un estudio reveló que 4 de cada 10 estudiantes de UC carecían de suficiente dinero para comprar alimentos que les permitieran mantener una alimentación saludable y a pesar de los esfuerzos por mejorar el acceso de los estudiantes universitarios a programas de asistencia alimentaria, un 78 por ciento de los que son elegibles continúan sin solicitar ese beneficio.
El acceso inadecuado a alimentos puede dañar la salud de los estudiantes universitarios y su desempeño académico, reveló un estudio reciente de la Universidad de California publicado en el Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, el cual investigó las razones por las que los estudiantes de UC que son elegibles para recibir el Programa Suplemental de Asistencia Nutricional (SNAP, por sus siglas en inglés), no lo solicitan o reciben.
“Basado en los resultados de nuestro estudio, si eliminamos los requisitos extras para que nuestros estudiantes universitarios califiquen para SNAP, ello contribuiría a garantizar que más estudiantes obtengan el apoyo que necesitan para satisfacer sus necesidades alimentarias básicas”, manifestó la coautora del estudio Lorrene Ritchie, directora del Instituto de Políticas sobre Nutrición, el cual forma parte de la División de Agricultura y Recursos Naturales de UC (UC ANR, por sus siglas en inglés).
Un estudio del 2015 por el NPI reveló que 4 de cada 10 estudiantes de UC no tenían suficiente dinero para comprar los alimentos necesarios para llevar un estilo de vida saludable. Para promover una mejor salud, UC ha tomado los pasos necesarios para garantizar que los estudiantes conozcan sobre la existencia de SNAP, estableciendo centros de comida y otros recursos de necesidades básicas en los campus.
"En California, a SNAP se le conoce como CalFresh y a pesar de las políticas y la comunicación para mejorar el acceso de los estudiantes universitarios a CalFresh, la participación se mantiene baja, pues aproximadamente un 78 por ciento de quienes son elegibles no reciben los beneficios", indicó la autora principal del estudio Suzanna M. Martínez, profesora asociada del Departamento de Epidemiologia y Bioestadísticas en UC San Francisco.
Para obtener una perspectiva sobre por qué los estudiantes de UC de recursos limitados no están recibiendo los beneficios, Martínez, Ritchie y colegas de UC San Francisco y del Instituto de Políticas sobre Nutrición consultaron con agencias condales encargadas de procesar las solicitudes de CalFresh de los estudiantes. Los investigadores entrevistaron al personal de los nueve condados donde se ubican los campus de UC: Alameda, Los Ángeles, Merced, Orange, Riverside, San Francisco, Santa Barbara, Santa Cruz y Yolo.
Mientras que los beneficios de CalFresh han sido pagados principalmente por el gobierno federal a través de la Ley Agrícola, los condados contribuyen también y las agencias condales son responsables de la implementación de políticas, de determinar la elegibilidad, procesar aplicaciones y distribuir fondos.
“Aunque la reautorización de la Ley Agrícola sigue pendiente, estos resultados pueden aportar una perspectiva sobre cómo fortalecer las políticas de SNAP relacionadas con los estudiantes elegibles”, dijo Martínez.
Los investigadores condujeron grupos de discusión y entrevistas con personal del condado para conocer la forma en la que los empleados de la agencia interpretan el complejo criterio bajo el cual los estudiantes deben ser elegibles para recibir CalFresh.
Sus preguntas se centraron en las diferencias entre las solicitudes de los estudiantes y las de los miembros de la comunidad, los pasos que se toman cuando se procesan las solicitudes de los estudiantes, capacitación específica para estudiantes y mejoras al proceso sugeridas.
Cinco temas centrales fueron identificados en las entrevistas:
- Se necesita una diseminación de las políticas y administración del programa de manera consistente.
- Las exenciones y el proceso de solicitud son percibido como un reto por los estudiantes.
- El apoyo clave para obtener solicitudes estudiantiles exitosas incluye la revisión cuidadosa en busca de potenciales exenciones que proporcionen recursos útiles a estudiantes y colaboradores en los campus.
- Mantenerse al tanto de los cambios en las políticas es algo complicado.
- Eliminar los reglamentos para los estudiantes y tratarlos como clientes regulares sería más equitativo.
Los investigadores concluyeron que los reglamentos de CalFresh son un reto para los estudiantes y el personal de las agencias del condado.
Por otra parte, los requisitos de elegibilidad, escritos hace más de 50 años, están basados en la asunción de que los estudiantes universitarios cuentan con el apoyo de sus familias de la clase media.
La investigación apoya la simplificación del proceso de CalFresh para estudiantes con el fin de incrementar la participación entre los que son elegibles, especialmente los que pertenecen a grupos étnicos y son de recursos limitados, los cuales han estado históricamente subrepresentados y para quienes es crítico contar con un acceso equitativo a los beneficios de CalFresh.
“Una vez que los estudiantes se confunden o desconocen lo que deben hacer, no continúan con el proceso de solicitud”, mencionó un empleado de elegibilidad de CalFresh a los investigadores.
Durante la pandemia del COVID-19, se eximió o relajó el cumplimiento de algunos de los requisitos federales o estatales para los estudiantes.
“Este estudio resultó en un experimento natural desde que las modificaciones al SNAP relacionadas al COVID-19 agilizaron el proceso de solicitud de los estudiantes y redujeron la carga administrativa”, expresó Martínez. “Estas modificaciones aliviaron algunos de los retos mencionados por los empleados del condado, confirmando las opiniones existentes para que se eliminen los reglamentos para los estudiantes”.
Ritchie dijo: “Esperamos que nuestra investigación ofrezca información para una política que retire las barreras y los estudiantes no tengan tanta dificultad para obtener los alimentos que necesitan”.
El estudio fue financiado por la Legislatura del Estado de California, la cual proporcionó fondos para que la Universidad de California aborde las necesidades básicas de los estudiantes (Iniciativa de Necesidades Básicas de UC).
Adaptado al español por Leticia Irigoyen del artículo en inglés. Editado para su publicación por Diana Cervantes
- Author: Grace Nguyen-Sovan Dean
This July, San Luis Obispo county's first cultural burn since 1850 took place. This reintroduction of indigenous, ‘good fire' to the landscape was led by the yak tit?utit?u yak ti?hini Northern Chumash Tribe, who worked in collaboration with city officials and the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CALFIRE). Being involved with the burn was a standout moment for CALFIRE San Luis Obispo Unit (SLU) forester Dave Erickson, whose work often brings him in close collaboration with a variety of community stakeholders.
Though CALFIRE is commonly associated solely with wildland firefighting, the agency really has “two arms: operations and resource management,” explains Erickson. He and others on the resource management side complete restoration and fire resiliency projects on CALFIRE State Responsibility Areas (SRAs), and provide project planning and implementation assistance to nonprofits, private landowners, tribes, and other public agencies.
For Erickson, being a unit forester in San Luis Obispo is dynamic work within a unique area. He notes how the county “stretches from the ocean to alkali deserts” and is home to “tons of different microclimates, which require different types of management”.
For example, though oak woodlands are commonly associated with the region, Monterey pine restoration will be a focus for Erickson later this year. CALFIRE will be working with the San Luis Obispo Fire Safe Council to reforest and reduce fuels in the Cambria Monterey Pine Forest, an effort funded by a California Forest Health Program grant. “This is a super unique and rare habitat, and Monterey pines are affected by a number of different pathogens such as mistletoe and canker. They require active management in order to be healthy and sequester carbon,” he explains.
Though the county is rich in differing ecosystems, Erickson points out a common feature: for a fire-adapted region, the absence of fire over the past 100 years has led to a creeping lack of plant biodiversity. He says, “There are areas [here] that haven't seen fire in a long time, they're crowded out.” Getting fire on the ground, whether prescribed fire or cultural fire, is essential for reducing that crowding, and giving rarer plants the opportunity to grow and thrive.
Erickson's position also brings him in close collaboration with local landowners. He described a project where CALFIRE worked to perform a prescribed burn on a private property in the Long Canyon area: “We got to know the landowners really well, and they were very supportive of what we were doing.” Positive landowner attitudes towards prescribed fire and vegetation management projects are common, with Erickson pointing to the county's long history of resident-driven land management. The county's Rangeland Improvement Association is one of the oldest in California, and organizations like the Fire Safe Council encourage what Erickson describes as community motivation to “help one another...get landscape level projects done”.
Though county residents are accustomed to seeing hand crews at work and smoke from prescribed fires, CALFIRE SLU also aims to increase public understanding of why these projects are necessary. Erickson shared that one of the ways CALFIRE SLU has increased its public outreach is through the online platform ArcGIS StoryMaps. CALFIRE SLU's StoryMaps detail two ongoing CALFIRE vegetation management projects on SRA land, and invite curious viewers to explore each project's methodology, environmental outcomes, and monitoring protocol.
CALFIRE SLU's StoryMaps and this summer's cultural burn help increase public understanding of forest management, while also illustrating the necessity of collaboration when implementing landscape-level projects. This feature of forestland management is something Erickson sees as applicable for any forest landowner: “We [CALFIRE] work with a lot of partners to get projects done. No agency can do it all alone. [Management] takes a lot of time, effort, collaboration, and partnership. Create relationships with your local CALFIRE [unit], RCD [resource conservation district], UC ANR [office], and people who can give you information.”
- Author: Cindy Yee
Capparis spinosa, aka, caper bush is a fruiting plant (not a vegetable) native to the Mediterranean region, parts of Asia and the Arabian peninsula. When I visited southern Italy two years ago, healthy caper plants were growing wild in rock crevices, ancient stone walls, road cracks, and hard dry ground with no irrigation. The temps were in the low 90's, however it felt more humid there compared to Northern California.
The first two pictures below were taken in the warm Puglia region. Capers are harvested by hand as tiny green unopened flower buds, sun-dried, and then pickled for use in Italian cuisine. If the buds are allowed to bloom, they eventually become crunchy berries, which are also edible pickled or salted. Even the leaves can be used in cheese making.
The first picture shows a small plant growing in a crack on the rough road, with no water source.
The second picture has a large, beautiful plant growing in a stone wall. In their native habitat, caper bushes can grow as large as three feet tall to six feet wide. Caper plants can supposedly survive several months with no water.
The final picture below shows a little seedling that I was delighted to come across at a local independent nursery. The nursery first tried propagating cuttings but found that they did not always survive and took up to a year to grow. They found growing from seed to be the most effective approach. There won't be intentional experimenting on this pricey plant's ability to survive months without water. Early on, I left it a mere two days, and some leaves shriveled up. Perhaps the lack of moisture in the air here makes a big difference. Right now, we are in the midst of a severe two-week heat wave, and today, I finally decided to take a break from the exhausting early morning watering of our yards. Alas, I forgot to water the caper especially! One can only hope my plant has acquired a little of its Italian cousins' invincibility…
Cheers, and Chill!
- Author: Luis A Espino
I just wanted to do a quick update on blast. I have not seen any other blast besides the one I reported on an earlier post. PCAs that I have spoken to have not seen blast either. With the cooler temperatures, conditions for blast are not as good. The hours of leaf wetness (LW) required for infection are higher when temperatures are cooler (see figures below). We'll see what happens as temperatures warm up again, but we know that as the crop matures, blast infections are less likely. However, I don't want to say we won't see any blast - last year we saw blast infect some fields late in the season. We'll keep monitoring.
- Author: Kathy Keatley Garvey
Talk about flower power.
When you walk through the UC Davis Bee Haven, a half-acre garden on Bee Biology Road, west of the central campus, you'll see bees and other pollinators foraging on a pink floribunda rose cultivar, “Nearly Wild." It's flamingo pink, quite fragrant and very buzzworthy, providing both pollen and nectar.
This cultivar is aptly named "Nearly Wild." It has five petals, just like wild roses.
The garden, installed in 2009 and a project of the UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nemalogy, is located next to the Harry H. Laidlaw Jr. Honey Bee Research Facility. Director of the haven is apiculturist/researcher Elina Lastro Niño, associate professor of Cooperative Extension, based in the department.
A six-foot long worker bee, the ceramic-mosaic work of Donna Billick of Davis, anchors the garden, as honey bees from the nearby Laidlaw apiary gather nectar and pollen.
But back to the “Nearly Wild” roses.
They remind us so much of the truly wild roses we've seen growing along river banks, roadsides and in fields. Roses (family Rosaceae and genus Rosa) originated some 25 million years ago. Many of today's roses are the result of centuries of breeding.
What's the story behind "Nearly Wild" and what are its characteristics?" The Missouri Botanical Garden website says this is "a floribunda rose ('Dr. W. Van Fleet' x 'Leuchstern') which typically grows 2-3' tall (less frequently to 4') and as wide. It is a dense, shrubby plant which features clusters of mildly fragrant, single, pink roses (to 3" diameter) with center clumps of prominent yellow stamens. Five-petalled flowers are reminiscent of some species roses hence the cultivar name. Flowers bloom continuously from May to frost. Glossy dark green foliage. Introduced by Brownwell in 1941."
The UC Davis Bee Haven is currently being renovated, but you can still visit from dawn to dusk. Admission is free.
![A pink floribunda rose cultivar, A pink floribunda rose cultivar,](/blogs/blogcore/blogfiles/108454.jpg)
![A native bee seeks to join two honey bees in gathering nectar and pollen from a floribunda rose cultivar, A native bee seeks to join two honey bees in gathering nectar and pollen from a floribunda rose cultivar,](/blogs/blogcore/blogfiles/108455.jpg)
![Side view of a honey bee foraging on a Side view of a honey bee foraging on a](/blogs/blogcore/blogfiles/108456.jpg)
![A honey bee foraging on A honey bee foraging on](/blogs/blogcore/blogfiles/108457.jpg)