- Author: Kathy Keatley Garvey
So says Scott McArt, an assistant professor in the Cornell University's Department of Entomology, who will speak on "Pesticide Risk to Pollinators: What We Know and What We Need to Know Better" at the Wednesday, May 4 virtual seminar hosted by the UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology.
The seminar begins at 4:10 p.m. The Zoom link:
https://ucdavis.zoom.us/j/99515291076
McArt, who joined the Cornell faculty in 2017, focuses his research on pollinator health and ecology. His areas of expertise include disease ecology, ecotoxicology, community ecology, chemical ecology, and plant-pollinator interactions. He maintains his lab research site at https://blogs.cornell.edu/mcartlab/.
"Research in our lab focuses on the impact of pesticides, pathogens, and habitat on honey bees and wild bees," he writes on his website. "We are particularly interested in scientific research that can inform management decisions by beekeepers, growers and the public. Current research projects include: 1) Understanding pesticide exposure and risk to bees in multiple land management contexts, 2) Combining empirical data with network modeling to understand pathogen transmission in complex plant-pollinator networks, and 3) Understanding how habitat enhancements (e.g., flowers at solar power sites) impact pollinator populations and the services they provide to agriculture."
McArt's duties at Cornell also include director of the Cornell Chemical Ecology Core Facility, and associate curator of the Cornell University Insect Collection.
He writes a monthly column, Notes from the Lab, in American Bee Journal; each month he summarizes scientific publications for a non-scientific audience. "The goal is to make the emerging pollinator health science more approachable and relevant to beekeepers," he says.
He is also a member of the New York State (NYS) Beekeeper Tech Team, which works directly with NYS beekeepers to improve honey bee health, reduce colony losses, and increase profitability of the state's beekeeping industry: https://pollinator.cals.cornell.edu/nys-beekeeper-tech-team/
In addition, McArt coordinates such beekeeping workshops as "Introduction to Honey Bee Queen Rearing" and "Honey Bee Biology and Disease Management for Veterinarians" and engages with growers regarding pesticide risk to bees and creating pollinator-friendly habitat. His extension materials are onsite.
When asked "What gets you out of bed in the morning?" during a new faculty interview, he responded "Most of the factors contributing to declines in bee health (pesticide exposure, lack of floral resources, disease, inadequate management practices) are preventable. With targeted research efforts and educated stakeholders, regulatory agencies and public, we can make a difference."
McArt holds a bachelor of arts degree in environmental and evolutionary biology (2001) from Dartmouth College, Hanover, N.H., and a master's degree in biological sciences (2006) from the University of Alaska, Anchorage. He received his doctorate in entomology in 2012 from Cornell University. He served as a USDA-NIFA (National Institute of Food and Agriculture) postdoctoral fellow at the University of Massachusetts, Amhurst, in 2014, and then as a research scientist at Cornell from 2014 to 2017, before joining the Cornell faculty.
Nematologist Shahid Siddique, assistant professor, UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology, is coordinating the spring seminars. For Zoom technical issues, contact him at ssiddique@ucdavis.edu.
- Author: Kathy Keatley Garvey
Hammer, assistant professor of ecology and evolutionary biology, UC Irvine, will give the in-person and virtual seminar, hosted by the UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology, at 4:10 p.m. in 122 Briggs Hall. The Zoom link: https://ucdavis.zoom.us/j/99515291076.
Community ecologist Rachel Vannette, associate professor, UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology, is hosting the seminar.
"How do insects and microbes form symbioses, and why do these partnerships often break down?" Hammer asks in his abstract. "We are addressing these questions with the gut microbiomes of social corbiculate bees. Despite an ancient association with their bee hosts, these symbionts are surprising dynamic over developmental, ecological and macroevolutionary time scales. I will discuss our recent discoveries of symbiont loss in bees, and efforts to understand why and how these losses occur."
Hammer received his bachelor's degree in general biology from UC San Diego in 2009 and his doctorate in evolutionary biology in 2018 from the University of Colorado, Boulder. He served as a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Texas, Austin, from 2018 to 2021.
Hammer's research interests include microbiomes, symbiosis, microbial ecology and evolution, bees, biodiversity, insect-plant interactions and tropical biology.
"We are a new research group at UC Irvine studying the ecology and evolution of symbioses between hosts (especially bees) and microbes," he writes on his lab website.
Nematologist Shahid Siddique, assistant professor, UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology, is coordinating the spring seminars. For Zoom technical issues, contact him at ssiddique@ucdavis.edu.
- Author: Kathy Keatley Garvey
Makedonka Mitreva, professor of medicine and genetics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, will speak on "Multi-omics Applications in Helminth Research" at her seminar set for 4:10 p.m., Pacific Time. The Zoom link:
https://ucdavis.zoom.us/j/99515291076.
"My research takes advantage of next-generation genomic and computational approaches to empower the study of infectious diseases, with a focus on neglected tropical diseases caused by helminths," Mitreva writes in her abstract. "Overcoming the main obstacle related to scarce understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in host invasion and pathogenesis, required generating comprehensive omics datasets from various helminth species. Interrogating such multi-omics data followed by systems biology approaches provided us with opportunity to greatly advance translational helminth research."
On her website, Mitreva points out: "More than 3 billion people worldwide live on less than $2.50 a day. The majority live in low- and middle- income countries, and some in vulnerable communities of high-income countries. Chronic infections in these populations are predominated by parasitic helminths. Helminth infections are typified by long term chronicity accompanied with various symptoms (pain, malnutrition, physical disabilities, rectal prolapse, deformity), cause growth impairment in children, anemia, adverse outcomes in pregnant women and reduced productivity in adults, which all conspire to promote and maintain poverty."
She recently joined the editorial board of Frontiers in Parasitology as section chief editor.
Mitreva says her lab "uses systems biology approaches to provide fundamental molecular information for these parasitic infections of importance to global health. The acquired knowledge accelerates both basic and translational research and provides practical results for global health improvement." Her lab's broad interest in global health improvement, she points out, is reflected in many other collaborative projects, including malaria, tuberculosis and medical metagenomics.
Mitreva holds bachelor and master's degrees in biology, 1990 and 1994, respectively, from Saints Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia. She received her doctorate in plant sciences, molecular and population genetics in 2001 from the Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands Laboratory of Nematology.
For any technical issues encountered with the virtual seminar, reach coordinator Shahid Siddique at ssiddique@ucdavis.edu.
- Author: Kathy Keatley Garvey
Coordinator Shahid Siddique, assistant professor of nematology, UC Davis Dpartment of Entomology and Nematology, has announced the list of spring quarter seminars.
The seminars will take place at 4:10 p.m., Pacific Time, on Wednesdays, beginning March 30 and will continue through June 1. The in-person seminars will be in 122 Briggs Hall. All also will be broadcast on Zoom. The link:
https://ucdavis.zoom.us/j/99515291076.
Wednesday, March 30 (in-person and virtual)
Ziad Khouri, international graduate student
Bohart Museum of Entomology, UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology
Title: "Scoliid Wasp Evolution and Some Adventures with Posterior Predictive Simulation"
Host: Lynn Kimsey, director of the Bohart Museum of Entomology and UC Davis distinguished professor of entomology
Wednesday, April 6 (virtual)
Makedonka Mitreva, professor of medicine and genetics
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis
Title: "Multi-omics Applications in Helminth Research"
Host: Shahid Siddique, assistant professor, UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology
Wednesday, April 13 (in-person and virtual)
Tobin Hammer, assistant professor, ecology and evolutionary biology
UC Irvine
Title: “Mystery of the Missing Microbes: Why Do Bees Keep Losing Their Symbionts?”
Host: Rachel Vannette, associate professor, UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology
Wednesday, April 20 (in-person and virtual)
Jared Ali, assistant professor of entomology
Pennsylvania State University, State College
Title: "Chemical Ecology of Plant Defense and Multi-trophic Interactions: Bad Bugs, Pungent Parasites and Toxic Travelers"
Host: Richard Karban, professor, UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology
Wednesday, April 27 (virtual)
Heather Bruce, postdoctoral researcher
Marine Biological Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley
Title: "Evolution and Development of Arthropod Appendages: Novelty and Homology"
Host: Xavier Zahnle, doctoral student, Jason Bond lab, UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology
Wednesday, May 4 (virtual)
Scott McArt, assistant professor of entomology
Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.
Title: "Pesticide Risk to Pollinators: What We Know and What We Need to Know Better"
Host: Lexie Nichole Martin, doctoral student, Rachel Vannette lab, UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology
Wednesday, May 11 (virtual)
Mostafa Zamanian, assistant professor, Department of Pathobiological Sciences
School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison
Title: "Combing Target and Whole-Organism Paradigms for Anthelmintic Discovery"
Host: Shahid Siddique, assistant professor, UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology
Wednesday, May 18 (virtual)
Corlett Wood, assistant professor of biology
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
Title: "The Conflict Beneath your Feet: Indirect Effects in Plant-Symbiont Interactions"
Host: Shahid Siddique, assistant professor, UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology
Wednesday, May 25 (in-person and virtual)
James R. Carey, UC Davis distinguished professor
UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology
Title: "The Conceptual Sweep of a Mathematical Discovery in Insect Demography: From Estimation of Medfly Population Age Structure to an Historical Analysis of U.S. Congress Incumbency Distributions, 1785-2000”
Host: Shahid Siddique, assistant professor, UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology
Wednesday, June 1 (in-person and virtual)
Isgouhi Kaloshian, Divisional Dean, Agricultural and Natural Resources
UC Riverside
Title: "Root-Knot Nematode Perception and Immune Signaling in Arabidopsis"
Host: Shahid Siddique, assistant professor, UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology
For any technical issues, reach coordinator Shahid Siddique at ssiddique@ucdavis.edu.
- Author: Kathy Keatley Garvey
The nematode collection featured mostly root-knot nematodes and Ascaris (roundworm) nematodes. The display included:
- What's in the jar?
- Celery infected with root-knot nematodes
- Tree swallow infected with Diplotriaena
- White-tailed deer eye infected with a Thelazia species
- Peach root infected with root-knot nematodes
- Mormon crickets infected with Gordius robustus
- Lettuce infected with root-knot nematodes
- Garlic damaged by Ditylenchus dipsaci
- Horse stomach infected with three parasites: Parascaris (roundworms), tapeworms, and botfly larvae.
- Grape roots infected with root-knot nematodes
- Sweet potato infected with root-knot nematodes
- Sugar beet infected with cyst nematodes
- Peach root infected with cyst nematodes
- Sugar beet infected with root-knot nematodes
- Ascaris lumbricoides (roundworm)
- Minke whale infected infected with ascaridoid nematodes
- Heartworm of dog
"Plant-parasitic nematodes are destructive pests causing losses of billions of dollars annually," Siddique says on his website. "Economic, health, and environmental considerations make natural host plant resistance a preferred strategy for nematode control, but there are limitations to this approach. In many cases, the resistance conferred by resistance genes is partial, and some of the nematodes are able to survive. Similarly, nematode resistance genes are often effective against only one or a few species, whereas plants are exposed to several pathogens in the field. Another concern is the emergence of pathotypes that can overcome resistance. In view of all these limitations, it is important to identify additional mechanisms and tools that can be used to develop novel and sustainable approaches to the management of nematodes."
Research in the Siddique lab focuses on basic as well as applied aspects of interaction between parasitic nematodes and their host plants, he says. "The long-term object of our research is not only to enhance our understanding of molecular aspects of plant–nematode interaction but also to use this knowledge to provide new resources for reducing the impact of nematodes on crop plants in California."
Nematologist Steve Nadler, professor and chair of the UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology, explains what a nematode is on this YouTube video that he presented at last year's UC Davis Biodiversity Museum Day. Due to COVID-19 precautions, the 2021 event was virtual, instead of in-person.
Visitors to the 2022 UC Davis Biodiversity Museum Day adhered to the Campus Ready guidelines, with masks required. Eleven museums or collections participated:
- Arboretum and Public Garden
- UC Davis Bee Haven
- Bohart Museum of Entomology
- Botanical Conservatory
- California Raptor Center
- Center for Plant Diversity
- Department of Anthropology Museum
- Museum of Wildlife and Fish Biology
- Nematode Collection
- Paleontology Collection
- Phaff Yeast Culture Collection
In addition, visitors could register for side trips to the Arboretum and Public Garden, Bee Haven and Phaff Yeast Culture Collection. The Botanical Conservatory opened its doors to visitors throughout the day.
Traditionally, the UC Davis Biodiversity Museum Day takes place the Saturday of Presidents' Weekend, and at the individual locations, noted organizer Tabatha Yang, education and outreach coordinator. This year it occurred at one site, exposition-style.
The campus is now gearing up for the 108th annual UC Davis Picnic Day, set April 23 and themed "Rediscovering Tomorrow." The free public event is the first, in-person Picnic Day in two years.
