In recent years there have been some exciting successes using deep-placement, high-dosage soil fumigation to produce flourishing grapevines where previous crops have failed due to nematodes. Replanting new grapevines on their own roots in nematode infested soils can be disastrous because nematode attacks may destroy the developing root systems, restrict plant vigor, and reduce potential yields. In extreme cases young vines are stunted by nematodes and never develop sufficient vigor to produce a full crop.