Long-term control of variegated leafhopper in grape IPM programs will depend on finding, rearing, and releasing effective natural enemies

Funding for this research was provided by the California Raisin Advisory Board, the California Table Grape Commission, the Wine Growers of California, and the University of California Statewide IPM Implementation Program. The authors thank the following for their help in collecting parasites: A. Tijerina, F. González, C. Garcia, L. Guerra Sobre-villa, R. Leon Lopez, and J. Mercado, of the Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agricolas, in Mexico; J. and K. Ellington in New Mexico; and A. González in Colorado. They also thank D. Flaherty and R. Neja for assistance in locating grower collaborators.