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California Agriculture, Vol. 10, No.10

Imported parasites of spotted alfalfa aphid
October 1956
Volume 10, Number 10

Research articles

Timing oil spray on valencias: Study indicates influence of application timing on effect of pest control oil spray on yield and juice of Valencias
by L. A. Riehl, R. T. Wedding, J. R. Rodriguez
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Reductions in Valencia orange juice quality or yield are less likely to occur from applications of pest control oil spray in the late summer than at any other time of the year, according to a three-year investigation conducted in Orange County. Potential reduction of juice quality following the use of oil spray on citrus has assumed increased economic importance recently because larger volumes of the crop are going to the juice concentrates market.
Reductions in Valencia orange juice quality or yield are less likely to occur from applications of pest control oil spray in the late summer than at any other time of the year, according to a three-year investigation conducted in Orange County. Potential reduction of juice quality following the use of oil spray on citrus has assumed increased economic importance recently because larger volumes of the crop are going to the juice concentrates market.
Spread of tristeza on citrus: Melon aphid relatively inefficient carrier of quick decline virus but at its height can ruin orchard in about five years
by R. C. Dickson, R. A. Flock, E. F. Laird
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Only five minutes are required by the melon aphid—Aphis gossypii Glover— after feeding on a diseased citrus tree, to transmit the tristeza—quick decline— virus to a healthy tree. However, the aphid does not remain infective long— probably most individuals lose their ability to transmit the virus shortly after leaving the diseased tree—and apparently only an occasional individual aphid is able to transmit the virus at all.
Only five minutes are required by the melon aphid—Aphis gossypii Glover— after feeding on a diseased citrus tree, to transmit the tristeza—quick decline— virus to a healthy tree. However, the aphid does not remain infective long— probably most individuals lose their ability to transmit the virus shortly after leaving the diseased tree—and apparently only an occasional individual aphid is able to transmit the virus at all.
Growth regulators on apricot: Seeds from apricot trees treated with growth regulators are inhibited in germination and any seedling growth is abnormal
by Julian C. Crane, Muriel V. Bradley
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Stratified Tilton apricot seeds, from trees sprayed in the spring of 1954 with 2,4,5-T — 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid—to increase fruit size and reduce preharvest drop, germinated very poorly after being planted in the nursery row in March, 1955. The few seedlings that did grow from these seeds were very abnormal when compared to seedlings from parent trees of die same variety mat had not been sprayed with 2,4,5-T.
Stratified Tilton apricot seeds, from trees sprayed in the spring of 1954 with 2,4,5-T — 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid—to increase fruit size and reduce preharvest drop, germinated very poorly after being planted in the nursery row in March, 1955. The few seedlings that did grow from these seeds were very abnormal when compared to seedlings from parent trees of die same variety mat had not been sprayed with 2,4,5-T.
Soil fungi and seedling growth: Citrus tree growth and soil population relationships being studied in series of greenhouse tests underway at Riverside
by J. P. Martin, L. J. Klotz, T. A. DeWolfe, J. O. Ervin
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Most soil borne plant parasites grow more vigorously in soil freed of competing organisms by previous sterilization than in natural soils where they have to compete with other organisms. Some of the competing organisms are antagonistic to the parasites and tend to suppress the activity of the detrimental forms.
Most soil borne plant parasites grow more vigorously in soil freed of competing organisms by previous sterilization than in natural soils where they have to compete with other organisms. Some of the competing organisms are antagonistic to the parasites and tend to suppress the activity of the detrimental forms.
Parasites of alfalfa aphid: Natural enemies of spotted alfalfa aphid found in search of Europe and Middle East may become established in California
by Robert van den Bosch
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Three wasp species—Praon palitans, Trioxys utilis, and Aphelinus semiflavus —parasites of the spotted alfalfa aphid, are being propagated in the insectaries at Riverside and Albany.
Three wasp species—Praon palitans, Trioxys utilis, and Aphelinus semiflavus —parasites of the spotted alfalfa aphid, are being propagated in the insectaries at Riverside and Albany.
Range rodent control by plane: Cereal bait scattered by plane at rate of one pound or less per acre prior to seeding effectively controls range rodents
by W. E. Howard, B. L. Kay, J. E. Street, C. F. Walker
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Where sizable acreage is involved, aerial control of range rodents has several advantages over hand application of cereal baits.
Where sizable acreage is involved, aerial control of range rodents has several advantages over hand application of cereal baits.
Application of meat tenderizer: Precooking holding periods for beef treated with tenderizers using papain as the activating agent found to be unnecessary
by A. L. Tappel, D. S. Miyada, Clarence Sterling, V. P. Maier
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Physical incorporation of tenderizers into meat is an important factor influencing their effectiveness.
Physical incorporation of tenderizers into meat is an important factor influencing their effectiveness.
Performance of crossbred ewes: Study made of four types of first-cross ewes to evaluate use of rams of medium-wool, dual-purpose breeds for replacements
by D. W. Cassard, W. C. Weir, D. T. Torell, J. F. Wilson
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Many sheepmen who raise replacement ewes have stopped using rams of the finewool breeds and have substituted rams of medium-wool, dual-purpose breeds.
Many sheepmen who raise replacement ewes have stopped using rams of the finewool breeds and have substituted rams of medium-wool, dual-purpose breeds.
Potato hair sprout: Disorder of potatoes causes problem for processors and seed producers
by M. Yamaguchi, G. Sogelman, L. F. Lippert
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Hair Sprout—a disorder of potatoes that has been increasing in California during the past few years—is characterized by long thin sprouts produced by the tuber. The sprouts often produce small aerial tubers.
Hair Sprout—a disorder of potatoes that has been increasing in California during the past few years—is characterized by long thin sprouts produced by the tuber. The sprouts often produce small aerial tubers.
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California Agriculture, Vol. 10, No.10

Imported parasites of spotted alfalfa aphid
October 1956
Volume 10, Number 10

Research articles

Timing oil spray on valencias: Study indicates influence of application timing on effect of pest control oil spray on yield and juice of Valencias
by L. A. Riehl, R. T. Wedding, J. R. Rodriguez
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Reductions in Valencia orange juice quality or yield are less likely to occur from applications of pest control oil spray in the late summer than at any other time of the year, according to a three-year investigation conducted in Orange County. Potential reduction of juice quality following the use of oil spray on citrus has assumed increased economic importance recently because larger volumes of the crop are going to the juice concentrates market.
Reductions in Valencia orange juice quality or yield are less likely to occur from applications of pest control oil spray in the late summer than at any other time of the year, according to a three-year investigation conducted in Orange County. Potential reduction of juice quality following the use of oil spray on citrus has assumed increased economic importance recently because larger volumes of the crop are going to the juice concentrates market.
Spread of tristeza on citrus: Melon aphid relatively inefficient carrier of quick decline virus but at its height can ruin orchard in about five years
by R. C. Dickson, R. A. Flock, E. F. Laird
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Only five minutes are required by the melon aphid—Aphis gossypii Glover— after feeding on a diseased citrus tree, to transmit the tristeza—quick decline— virus to a healthy tree. However, the aphid does not remain infective long— probably most individuals lose their ability to transmit the virus shortly after leaving the diseased tree—and apparently only an occasional individual aphid is able to transmit the virus at all.
Only five minutes are required by the melon aphid—Aphis gossypii Glover— after feeding on a diseased citrus tree, to transmit the tristeza—quick decline— virus to a healthy tree. However, the aphid does not remain infective long— probably most individuals lose their ability to transmit the virus shortly after leaving the diseased tree—and apparently only an occasional individual aphid is able to transmit the virus at all.
Growth regulators on apricot: Seeds from apricot trees treated with growth regulators are inhibited in germination and any seedling growth is abnormal
by Julian C. Crane, Muriel V. Bradley
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Stratified Tilton apricot seeds, from trees sprayed in the spring of 1954 with 2,4,5-T — 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid—to increase fruit size and reduce preharvest drop, germinated very poorly after being planted in the nursery row in March, 1955. The few seedlings that did grow from these seeds were very abnormal when compared to seedlings from parent trees of die same variety mat had not been sprayed with 2,4,5-T.
Stratified Tilton apricot seeds, from trees sprayed in the spring of 1954 with 2,4,5-T — 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid—to increase fruit size and reduce preharvest drop, germinated very poorly after being planted in the nursery row in March, 1955. The few seedlings that did grow from these seeds were very abnormal when compared to seedlings from parent trees of die same variety mat had not been sprayed with 2,4,5-T.
Soil fungi and seedling growth: Citrus tree growth and soil population relationships being studied in series of greenhouse tests underway at Riverside
by J. P. Martin, L. J. Klotz, T. A. DeWolfe, J. O. Ervin
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Most soil borne plant parasites grow more vigorously in soil freed of competing organisms by previous sterilization than in natural soils where they have to compete with other organisms. Some of the competing organisms are antagonistic to the parasites and tend to suppress the activity of the detrimental forms.
Most soil borne plant parasites grow more vigorously in soil freed of competing organisms by previous sterilization than in natural soils where they have to compete with other organisms. Some of the competing organisms are antagonistic to the parasites and tend to suppress the activity of the detrimental forms.
Parasites of alfalfa aphid: Natural enemies of spotted alfalfa aphid found in search of Europe and Middle East may become established in California
by Robert van den Bosch
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Three wasp species—Praon palitans, Trioxys utilis, and Aphelinus semiflavus —parasites of the spotted alfalfa aphid, are being propagated in the insectaries at Riverside and Albany.
Three wasp species—Praon palitans, Trioxys utilis, and Aphelinus semiflavus —parasites of the spotted alfalfa aphid, are being propagated in the insectaries at Riverside and Albany.
Range rodent control by plane: Cereal bait scattered by plane at rate of one pound or less per acre prior to seeding effectively controls range rodents
by W. E. Howard, B. L. Kay, J. E. Street, C. F. Walker
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Where sizable acreage is involved, aerial control of range rodents has several advantages over hand application of cereal baits.
Where sizable acreage is involved, aerial control of range rodents has several advantages over hand application of cereal baits.
Application of meat tenderizer: Precooking holding periods for beef treated with tenderizers using papain as the activating agent found to be unnecessary
by A. L. Tappel, D. S. Miyada, Clarence Sterling, V. P. Maier
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Physical incorporation of tenderizers into meat is an important factor influencing their effectiveness.
Physical incorporation of tenderizers into meat is an important factor influencing their effectiveness.
Performance of crossbred ewes: Study made of four types of first-cross ewes to evaluate use of rams of medium-wool, dual-purpose breeds for replacements
by D. W. Cassard, W. C. Weir, D. T. Torell, J. F. Wilson
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Many sheepmen who raise replacement ewes have stopped using rams of the finewool breeds and have substituted rams of medium-wool, dual-purpose breeds.
Many sheepmen who raise replacement ewes have stopped using rams of the finewool breeds and have substituted rams of medium-wool, dual-purpose breeds.
Potato hair sprout: Disorder of potatoes causes problem for processors and seed producers
by M. Yamaguchi, G. Sogelman, L. F. Lippert
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Hair Sprout—a disorder of potatoes that has been increasing in California during the past few years—is characterized by long thin sprouts produced by the tuber. The sprouts often produce small aerial tubers.
Hair Sprout—a disorder of potatoes that has been increasing in California during the past few years—is characterized by long thin sprouts produced by the tuber. The sprouts often produce small aerial tubers.

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