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California Agriculture, Vol. 23, No.2

Cover:  Multiple fruits from higher application rates (250 ppm) of the plant growth regulator Ethrel were one: result in tests at University of California, Davis, with cucumbers for pickling.
February 1969
Volume 23, Number 2

Research articles

Ethrel effects on sex expression, and growth development in pickling cucumbers
by W. L. Sim, B. L. Gledhill
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Total femaleness of flowers induced by applications of the plant growth regulator Ethrel resulted in smaller plant size, higher plant populations, and earlier maturity—all important factor in once-over mechanical harvesting of cucumbers for pickling.
Total femaleness of flowers induced by applications of the plant growth regulator Ethrel resulted in smaller plant size, higher plant populations, and earlier maturity—all important factor in once-over mechanical harvesting of cucumbers for pickling.
Montezuma oat variety produces high test weight, and good yields
by C. A. Suneson, C. O. Qualset, J. D. Prato, J. T. Feather, W. H. Isom
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
High TEST WEIGHT and good grain yield can both be obtained by California's oat growers with Montezuma, a new oat variety released by the University of California Agricultural Experiment Station at Davis in cooperation with the U. S. Department of Agriculture.
High TEST WEIGHT and good grain yield can both be obtained by California's oat growers with Montezuma, a new oat variety released by the University of California Agricultural Experiment Station at Davis in cooperation with the U. S. Department of Agriculture.
Lygus bug control in cotton through alfalfa interplanting
by V. M. Stern, A. Mueller, V. Sevacherian, M. Way
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
EARLY SEASON treatments on cotton for control of lygus bugs often eliminate natural enemies of the bollworm, beet armyworm, cabbage looper, and spider mites. In the absence of biological control, these pests can often increase later in the season and may require multiple treatments to prevent plant damage in the cotton fields.
EARLY SEASON treatments on cotton for control of lygus bugs often eliminate natural enemies of the bollworm, beet armyworm, cabbage looper, and spider mites. In the absence of biological control, these pests can often increase later in the season and may require multiple treatments to prevent plant damage in the cotton fields.
Cling peaches effectively thinned with 3-CPA
by J. Beutel, J. Yeager, G. Post, D. Rough, W. Anderson, N. Ross, F. Perry, M. Gerdts, J. La Rue, L. Brown
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Four major cling peach varieties (Halford, Peak, Paloro, Carolyn) were effectively thinned with 3-CPA. Proper timing based on ovule length (8.5 to 9.5 mm is best) was essential for best thinning. The best sprays were of 300 ppm applied at 400 gallons per acre, or 1.6 gallons of formulated material per acre. Slight phytotoxicity usually occurred whenever thinning was obtained but was limited to a few yellow leaves which dropped two weeks later and some leaf tipburning and twisting. Fruit harvested after 3-CPA sprays appeared equal in size, maturity and quality to hand-thinned fruit. A small amount of pole or touch-up hand thinning was usually needed in addition to the thinning sprays to attain good commercial thinning.
Four major cling peach varieties (Halford, Peak, Paloro, Carolyn) were effectively thinned with 3-CPA. Proper timing based on ovule length (8.5 to 9.5 mm is best) was essential for best thinning. The best sprays were of 300 ppm applied at 400 gallons per acre, or 1.6 gallons of formulated material per acre. Slight phytotoxicity usually occurred whenever thinning was obtained but was limited to a few yellow leaves which dropped two weeks later and some leaf tipburning and twisting. Fruit harvested after 3-CPA sprays appeared equal in size, maturity and quality to hand-thinned fruit. A small amount of pole or touch-up hand thinning was usually needed in addition to the thinning sprays to attain good commercial thinning.
The cockroach learns to avoid insecticides
by W. Ebeling, D. A. Reierson
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
“Choice box” for testing the repellency of insecticides to cockroaches. Back half of box is covered with fiberboard, creating preferred dark refuge for cockroaches. However, repellent insecticides will result in some of the insects learning to avoid the dark area before picking up a lethal dose.
“Choice box” for testing the repellency of insecticides to cockroaches. Back half of box is covered with fiberboard, creating preferred dark refuge for cockroaches. However, repellent insecticides will result in some of the insects learning to avoid the dark area before picking up a lethal dose.
Effects of seed coating and mulching materials on lettuce emergence
by D. Ririe, J. W. Huffman
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Three lettuce experiments were conducted in which raw seeds, seeds with 5-to-1 and 10-to-1 clay-to-seed coating ratios, and fully coated seeds were compared when planted under soil, and when planted under soil sprayed on the surface with petroleum mulch, and when planted under stabilized vermiculite, or petroleum coke. Stabilized vermiculite and petroleum coke increased the percentage of emergence and lowered the time required, regardless of seed coating. Petroleum mulch also improved emergence, but not as much as the other materials. Counts showed that both 10-to-1 and 5-to-1 coated seeds improved, to a considerable extent, on the slower and poorer emergence that had been observed with fully coated seeds. Both minimum seed coatings and replacement of the soil seed covering by vermiculite or coke offer real advantages for the precision planting of lettuce.
Three lettuce experiments were conducted in which raw seeds, seeds with 5-to-1 and 10-to-1 clay-to-seed coating ratios, and fully coated seeds were compared when planted under soil, and when planted under soil sprayed on the surface with petroleum mulch, and when planted under stabilized vermiculite, or petroleum coke. Stabilized vermiculite and petroleum coke increased the percentage of emergence and lowered the time required, regardless of seed coating. Petroleum mulch also improved emergence, but not as much as the other materials. Counts showed that both 10-to-1 and 5-to-1 coated seeds improved, to a considerable extent, on the slower and poorer emergence that had been observed with fully coated seeds. Both minimum seed coatings and replacement of the soil seed covering by vermiculite or coke offer real advantages for the precision planting of lettuce.
Reinfection possibilities for angular leaf spot pathogen in California cotton
by W. C. Schnathorst
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
ANGULAR LEAF SPOT of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas malvacearum, became established in California in about 1951. By 1962, however, sanitation had eradicated it from cotton fields, and attempts in 1966-67 to demonstrate cotton-gin-contamination failed even though contamination had been readily demonstrated in 1958-60, when the disease was widespread.
ANGULAR LEAF SPOT of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas malvacearum, became established in California in about 1951. By 1962, however, sanitation had eradicated it from cotton fields, and attempts in 1966-67 to demonstrate cotton-gin-contamination failed even though contamination had been readily demonstrated in 1958-60, when the disease was widespread.
Control of botrytis blight of easter lilies with systemic fungicides
by John Lenz, Albert O. Paulus, John G. Bald
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
BOTRYTIS or “fire”; in Easter lily foliage and flowers is a devastating disease in the lily growing areas of southwest Oregon and northwest California. Botrytis foliage blight is caused by the fungus, Botrytis elliptica. The disease causes a tear-drop shaped lesion on the leaves and may completely defoliate plants not protected by a suitable fungicide. Through a magnifying hand lens the mycelium of the fungus can be seen growing on the surface of the leaf. The fungus is especially prevalent during periods of cool, wet weather.
BOTRYTIS or “fire”; in Easter lily foliage and flowers is a devastating disease in the lily growing areas of southwest Oregon and northwest California. Botrytis foliage blight is caused by the fungus, Botrytis elliptica. The disease causes a tear-drop shaped lesion on the leaves and may completely defoliate plants not protected by a suitable fungicide. Through a magnifying hand lens the mycelium of the fungus can be seen growing on the surface of the leaf. The fungus is especially prevalent during periods of cool, wet weather.

News and opinion

Agriculture in an
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California Agriculture, Vol. 23, No.2

Cover:  Multiple fruits from higher application rates (250 ppm) of the plant growth regulator Ethrel were one: result in tests at University of California, Davis, with cucumbers for pickling.
February 1969
Volume 23, Number 2

Research articles

Ethrel effects on sex expression, and growth development in pickling cucumbers
by W. L. Sim, B. L. Gledhill
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Total femaleness of flowers induced by applications of the plant growth regulator Ethrel resulted in smaller plant size, higher plant populations, and earlier maturity—all important factor in once-over mechanical harvesting of cucumbers for pickling.
Total femaleness of flowers induced by applications of the plant growth regulator Ethrel resulted in smaller plant size, higher plant populations, and earlier maturity—all important factor in once-over mechanical harvesting of cucumbers for pickling.
Montezuma oat variety produces high test weight, and good yields
by C. A. Suneson, C. O. Qualset, J. D. Prato, J. T. Feather, W. H. Isom
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
High TEST WEIGHT and good grain yield can both be obtained by California's oat growers with Montezuma, a new oat variety released by the University of California Agricultural Experiment Station at Davis in cooperation with the U. S. Department of Agriculture.
High TEST WEIGHT and good grain yield can both be obtained by California's oat growers with Montezuma, a new oat variety released by the University of California Agricultural Experiment Station at Davis in cooperation with the U. S. Department of Agriculture.
Lygus bug control in cotton through alfalfa interplanting
by V. M. Stern, A. Mueller, V. Sevacherian, M. Way
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
EARLY SEASON treatments on cotton for control of lygus bugs often eliminate natural enemies of the bollworm, beet armyworm, cabbage looper, and spider mites. In the absence of biological control, these pests can often increase later in the season and may require multiple treatments to prevent plant damage in the cotton fields.
EARLY SEASON treatments on cotton for control of lygus bugs often eliminate natural enemies of the bollworm, beet armyworm, cabbage looper, and spider mites. In the absence of biological control, these pests can often increase later in the season and may require multiple treatments to prevent plant damage in the cotton fields.
Cling peaches effectively thinned with 3-CPA
by J. Beutel, J. Yeager, G. Post, D. Rough, W. Anderson, N. Ross, F. Perry, M. Gerdts, J. La Rue, L. Brown
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Four major cling peach varieties (Halford, Peak, Paloro, Carolyn) were effectively thinned with 3-CPA. Proper timing based on ovule length (8.5 to 9.5 mm is best) was essential for best thinning. The best sprays were of 300 ppm applied at 400 gallons per acre, or 1.6 gallons of formulated material per acre. Slight phytotoxicity usually occurred whenever thinning was obtained but was limited to a few yellow leaves which dropped two weeks later and some leaf tipburning and twisting. Fruit harvested after 3-CPA sprays appeared equal in size, maturity and quality to hand-thinned fruit. A small amount of pole or touch-up hand thinning was usually needed in addition to the thinning sprays to attain good commercial thinning.
Four major cling peach varieties (Halford, Peak, Paloro, Carolyn) were effectively thinned with 3-CPA. Proper timing based on ovule length (8.5 to 9.5 mm is best) was essential for best thinning. The best sprays were of 300 ppm applied at 400 gallons per acre, or 1.6 gallons of formulated material per acre. Slight phytotoxicity usually occurred whenever thinning was obtained but was limited to a few yellow leaves which dropped two weeks later and some leaf tipburning and twisting. Fruit harvested after 3-CPA sprays appeared equal in size, maturity and quality to hand-thinned fruit. A small amount of pole or touch-up hand thinning was usually needed in addition to the thinning sprays to attain good commercial thinning.
The cockroach learns to avoid insecticides
by W. Ebeling, D. A. Reierson
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
“Choice box” for testing the repellency of insecticides to cockroaches. Back half of box is covered with fiberboard, creating preferred dark refuge for cockroaches. However, repellent insecticides will result in some of the insects learning to avoid the dark area before picking up a lethal dose.
“Choice box” for testing the repellency of insecticides to cockroaches. Back half of box is covered with fiberboard, creating preferred dark refuge for cockroaches. However, repellent insecticides will result in some of the insects learning to avoid the dark area before picking up a lethal dose.
Effects of seed coating and mulching materials on lettuce emergence
by D. Ririe, J. W. Huffman
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
Three lettuce experiments were conducted in which raw seeds, seeds with 5-to-1 and 10-to-1 clay-to-seed coating ratios, and fully coated seeds were compared when planted under soil, and when planted under soil sprayed on the surface with petroleum mulch, and when planted under stabilized vermiculite, or petroleum coke. Stabilized vermiculite and petroleum coke increased the percentage of emergence and lowered the time required, regardless of seed coating. Petroleum mulch also improved emergence, but not as much as the other materials. Counts showed that both 10-to-1 and 5-to-1 coated seeds improved, to a considerable extent, on the slower and poorer emergence that had been observed with fully coated seeds. Both minimum seed coatings and replacement of the soil seed covering by vermiculite or coke offer real advantages for the precision planting of lettuce.
Three lettuce experiments were conducted in which raw seeds, seeds with 5-to-1 and 10-to-1 clay-to-seed coating ratios, and fully coated seeds were compared when planted under soil, and when planted under soil sprayed on the surface with petroleum mulch, and when planted under stabilized vermiculite, or petroleum coke. Stabilized vermiculite and petroleum coke increased the percentage of emergence and lowered the time required, regardless of seed coating. Petroleum mulch also improved emergence, but not as much as the other materials. Counts showed that both 10-to-1 and 5-to-1 coated seeds improved, to a considerable extent, on the slower and poorer emergence that had been observed with fully coated seeds. Both minimum seed coatings and replacement of the soil seed covering by vermiculite or coke offer real advantages for the precision planting of lettuce.
Reinfection possibilities for angular leaf spot pathogen in California cotton
by W. C. Schnathorst
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
ANGULAR LEAF SPOT of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas malvacearum, became established in California in about 1951. By 1962, however, sanitation had eradicated it from cotton fields, and attempts in 1966-67 to demonstrate cotton-gin-contamination failed even though contamination had been readily demonstrated in 1958-60, when the disease was widespread.
ANGULAR LEAF SPOT of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas malvacearum, became established in California in about 1951. By 1962, however, sanitation had eradicated it from cotton fields, and attempts in 1966-67 to demonstrate cotton-gin-contamination failed even though contamination had been readily demonstrated in 1958-60, when the disease was widespread.
Control of botrytis blight of easter lilies with systemic fungicides
by John Lenz, Albert O. Paulus, John G. Bald
| Full text HTML  | PDF  
BOTRYTIS or “fire”; in Easter lily foliage and flowers is a devastating disease in the lily growing areas of southwest Oregon and northwest California. Botrytis foliage blight is caused by the fungus, Botrytis elliptica. The disease causes a tear-drop shaped lesion on the leaves and may completely defoliate plants not protected by a suitable fungicide. Through a magnifying hand lens the mycelium of the fungus can be seen growing on the surface of the leaf. The fungus is especially prevalent during periods of cool, wet weather.
BOTRYTIS or “fire”; in Easter lily foliage and flowers is a devastating disease in the lily growing areas of southwest Oregon and northwest California. Botrytis foliage blight is caused by the fungus, Botrytis elliptica. The disease causes a tear-drop shaped lesion on the leaves and may completely defoliate plants not protected by a suitable fungicide. Through a magnifying hand lens the mycelium of the fungus can be seen growing on the surface of the leaf. The fungus is especially prevalent during periods of cool, wet weather.

News and opinion

Agriculture in an
by Editors
Full text HTML  | PDF  

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