Rootstocks
Rootstock Details by Fruit Ripening : Unknown
Bright's Hybrid 4 & 5
Other Names
BH 4, BH 5
Species
Prunus dulcis x Prunus persica
Origin
USA, Bright's Nursery
Vigor
Very vigorous
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Unknown
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Good
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Unknown
Fruit Ripening
Unknown
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
Rootknot Nematode
Resistant or tolerant
Lesion Nematode
Resistant or tolerant
Ring Nematode
Partly resistant
Nematode Explanations
Performed well in California trials (Nematode Table).
Bacterial Canker
Unknown
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Unknown
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Summary Comments
More vigorous than Nemaguard, this rootstock has survived and produced well in the 2001 and 2009 NC-140 trials. It also has good resistance to nematodes.
References
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Cadaman
Other Names
Species
Prunus persica x Prunus davidiana
Origin
Introduced in France by INRA, but selected in Hungary
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Similar to Nemaguard in NC-140 trials. In Europe, it is reported to start off very vigorous, then slows down after 4 or 5 years.
Waterlogging Tolerance
Good
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Good
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Unknown
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
No
Rootknot Nematode
Resistant or tolerant
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Unknown
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Propagated by softwood or semi-hardwood cuttings
Summary Comments
Widely used in Europe because of its tolerance to calcareous soils. Has looked promising in NC-140 trials.
References
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Damas 1869
Other Names
GF 1869
Species
Prunus domestica x Prunus spinosa
Origin
Vigor
Semidwarf
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Unknown
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Unknown
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Lots
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Extreme suckering, more than any other rootstock
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Unknown
Fruit Ripening
Unknown
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
Unknown
Rootknot Nematode
Unknown
Lesion Nematode
Unknown
Ring Nematode
Partly resistant
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Unknown
Phytophthora
Resistant or tolerant
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Unknown
Disease Explanations
Only one of many rootstocks tested that has shown resistance to Phytophthora
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Summary Comments
Extensive suckering is a problem. Otherwise it performed OK in the 1984 NC-140 rootstock trial, although fruit size was small.
References
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GF 655/2
Other Names
St. Julien 655/2
Species
Prunus insititia
Origin
Vigor
Dwarfing
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Good
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Good
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Lots
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Poor
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Unknown
Fruit Ripening
Unknown
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
Unknown
Rootknot Nematode
Unknown
Lesion Nematode
Unknown
Ring Nematode
Unknown
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Unknown
Phytophthora
Partly resistant
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Resistant or tolerant
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Propagated by layering, hardwood cuttings and micropropagation
Summary Comments
Performed OK in the 1984 NC-140 trial but fruit size was always small and there was lots of suckering (but not nearly as much as Damas 1869).
References
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Halford
Other Names
Species
Prunus persica
Origin
California processing peach selected in about 1921
Vigor
Very vigorous
Vigor Explanation
Considered equal to Nemaguard in vigor, but was significantly more vigorous in the 1984 NC-140 trial.
Waterlogging Tolerance
Fair
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Poor
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Unknown
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
No
Rootknot Nematode
Susceptible
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Partly resistant
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Unknown
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Unknown
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Seed propagated
Summary Comments
Very similar to Lovell but not currently used in California and shows no benefits over Nemaguard.
References
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Jaspi
Other Names
Fereley
Species
Prunus salicina x Prunus spinosa
Origin
France
Vigor
Dwarfing
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Good
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Good
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Poor
Compatibility with Plum
Good
Suckering
Lots
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Compatibility with peach is limited - it is more suitable for apricot and plum
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Unknown
Precocity
Unknown
Fruit Ripening
Unknown
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
Unknown
Rootknot Nematode
Unknown
Lesion Nematode
Unknown
Ring Nematode
Unknown
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Susceptible
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Unknown
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Summary Comments
Had excessive suckering in 2001 NC-140 trial, but otherwise performed OK. However, it is reported to be incompatible with many peach varieties.
References
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Julior
Other Names
Ferdor
Species
Prunus insititia x Prunus domestica
Origin
France
Vigor
Dwarfing
Vigor Explanation
Makes a tree about 50% of Nemaguard
Waterlogging Tolerance
Good
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Poor
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Good
Suckering
Lots
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Delayed Precocity
Fruit Ripening
Unknown
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
No
Rootknot Nematode
Resistant or tolerant
Lesion Nematode
Susceptible
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
In California trials (Nematode Table) it shows resistance to root-knot nematodes, but supports very large populations of both lesion and ring nematodes.
Bacterial Canker
Susceptible
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Unknown
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Hardwood cuttings and micropropagation
Summary Comments
In the 2001 NC-140 rootstock trial, this rootstock performed reasonably well with good production and fruit size and 100% survival. Its main drawback is excessive suckering.
References
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Krymsk 1
Other Names
VVA 1
Species
Prunus tomentosa x Prunus cerasifera
Origin
Russia
Vigor
Dwarfing
Vigor Explanation
Generally about 50% Nemaguard
Waterlogging Tolerance
Good
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Good
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Poor
Compatibility with Plum
Good
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
In the NC-140 trials Redhaven has been used as the scion variety. Compatability has always been good in these trials. However, many other California varieties have been grafted on Krymsk 1 and many of these show signs of poor compatability. A report from Spain also indicated compatability problems with some varieties.
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Unknown
Fruit Ripening
Unknown
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
Yes
Rootknot Nematode
Susceptible
Lesion Nematode
Resistant or tolerant
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
California tests (Nematode Table) show susceptibility to root-knot but some resistance to lesion nematode.
Bacterial Canker
Susceptible
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Susceptible
Disease Explanations
Did not survive well in a bacterial canker hot spot in South Carolina
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Hardwood cuttings
Summary Comments
In the NC-140 trials, with Redhaven as the scion variety, Krymsk 1 has been very impressive - healthy looking dwarf trees with little suckering, good production and large fruit size. However, many other California varieties have been grafted on this rootstock and most produce weak trees with rolled leaves and poor graft unions.
References
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Krymsk 2
Other Names
VSV 1
Species
Prunus incana x Prunus tomentosa
Origin
Russia
Vigor
Dwarfing
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Fair
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Poor
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Poor
Compatibility with Plum
Good
Suckering
Lots
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Reported to be compatible with plum. In 2002 NC140 trial was not very compatible with Redhaven peach. Had 60 root suckers per tree in this trial.
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Unknown
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Unknown
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
Yes
Rootknot Nematode
Susceptible
Lesion Nematode
Resistant or tolerant
Ring Nematode
Unknown
Nematode Explanations
Showed susceptibility to root-knot, but resistance to lesion nematode in California tests. (Nematode Table)
Bacterial Canker
Resistant or tolerant
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Unknown
Disease Explanations
Survived well at a severe bacterial canker site in South Carolina
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Summary Comments
Performed poorly in the 2002 NC-140 trial due to excessive suckering, poor fruit size and signs of incompatibility.
References
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Krymsk 86
Other Names
Kuban 86
Species
Prunus cerasifera x Prunus persica
Origin
Russia
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Good
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Good
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Good
Suckering
Some
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Unknown
Fruit Ripening
Unknown
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
Yes
Rootknot Nematode
Susceptible
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Unknown
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Susceptible
Crown Gall
Partly resistant
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Summary Comments
Being evaluated in the 2009 NC-140 trial. After 4 years, it has survived well, looks healthy with no suckers, and makes a standard size tree. Otherwise, we have little experience with this rootstock.
References
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Pumiselect
Other Names
Rhenus 2
Species
Prunus pumila
Origin
Germany
Vigor
Semidwarf
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Poor
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Poor
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Good
Anchorage
Poor
Precocity
Unknown
Fruit Ripening
Unknown
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
Yes
Rootknot Nematode
Resistant or tolerant
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Partly resistant
Nematode Explanations
In California trials (Nematode Table), this rootstock was resistant to root-knot nematodes, similar to Nemaguard in lesion susceptibility and between Nemaguard and Lovell in ring nematode susceptibility.
Bacterial Canker
Resistant or tolerant
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Unknown
Disease Explanations
Survived well in a severe bacterial canker site in South Carolina
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Summary Comments
This rootstock did not perform well in the 2001 NC-140 trial. It had small fruit size every year and a couple of trees died from unknown causes.
References
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Viking
Other Names
Species
Complex Prunus hybrid that is reported to be 1/2 peach, 1/4 almond, 1/8 plum and 1/8 apricot
Origin
USA from Zaiger Genetics
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Reported to be very vigorous, but California studies have shown it to be equal to Nemaguard.
Waterlogging Tolerance
Unknown
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Good
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Unknown
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
No
Rootknot Nematode
Resistant or tolerant
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Partly resistant
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Resistant or tolerant
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Unknown
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Hardwood cuttings
Summary Comments
A vigorous rootstock compatible with peach and nectarine that is one of the most resistant rootstocks to bacterial canker (Bacterial Canker Report 2006), even though it is not completely resistant to ring nematode. It is resistant to root-knot and partially resistant to lesion nematode (Nematode Table), similar to Nemaguard.
References
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