Advice for the Home Gardener from the Help Desk of the
UC Master Gardener Program of Contra Costa County
Client's Request: I've just set up a small garden greenhouse. It has a heater, warming mats, fans, etc. I'm thinking about growing tomatoes during the winter. Would you please provide some advice on such a venture?
Help Desk Response: Thank you for your email to the UC Master Gardener Program Help Desk about growing tomatoes in the winter in a (warm) greenhouse.
It appears that University of California does not have significant information on growing tomatoes in a greenhouse for the home gardener. However, I've listed below a few links to reputable articles from other sources that may be helpful in setting up and growing tomatoes in a greenhouse at home.
- This website from the University of Oregon, Department of Horticulture, has information on fertilization, soil, temperature and light, which may be helpful. Though the information is for commercial growing operations, some of it is applicable to home greenhouses. http://horticulture.oregonstate.edu/content/tomato-greenhouse
- This link to SF Gate discusses good tomato varieties for greenhouse growing conditions and also, mentions ways to support the growing plants. https://homeguides.sfgate.com/types-tomatoes-greenhouse-production-30810.html
- This Wikihow website has some helpful information on various aspects of growing tomato plants in greenhouses. https://www.wikihow.com/Grow-Tomatoes-in-a-Greenhouse
There are also many other web sites and YouTube videos available on the subject, but I would use them cautiously, and cross-check other references if they seem “too good to be true”.
Please contact us again if you have further questions. Good luck with your winter tomatoes.
Help Desk of the UC Master Gardener Program of Contra Costa County (SMT)
Note: UC Master Gardeners Program of Contra Costa's Help Desk is available almost year-round to answer your gardening questions. Except for a few holidays (e.g., last 2 weeks December), we're open every week, Monday through Thursday for walk-ins from 9:00 am to Noon at 2380 Bisso Lane, Concord, CA 94520. We can also be reached via telephone: (925) 608-6683, email: ccmg@ucanr.edu, or on the web at http://ccmg.ucanr.edu/Ask_Us/. MGCC Blogs can be found at http://ccmg.ucanr.edu/HortCoCo/ You can also subscribe to the Blog (//ucanr.edu/blogs/CCMGBlog/)
Advice for the Home Gardener from the Help Desk of the
UC Master Gardener Program of Contra Costa County
Client: Is it possible to plant a nitrogen-fixing winter cover crop simultaneously with wildflower seeds…..or will they just compete for space? Thanks for your answer.
MGCC Help Desk Response: Thank you for contacting the UC Master Gardener Program with your question about planting a nitrogen-fixing winter cover crop together with wildflower seeds.
There are some alternatives, but they may not be optimum for what you want to achieve. One is to plant the cover crop first and then the wildflower seeds after the cover crop has been dug in. The problem there is that may lead you to digging in the cover crop too early, or more likely, planting the wildflower seeds too late. Wildflowers seeds can be sown in early spring, but October to January is generally the best time to sow wildflower seeds. Otherwise, I am afraid that you will need to decide between planting a cover crop or wildflowers. If you are planning to turn the area into a wildflower garden, and are planting California native wildflowers, you could skip the cover crop since native wildflowers generally do not need a lot of nitrogen. On the other hand, if you are planning on turning the area into a vegetable garden, I would recommend planting the cover crop seeds and perhaps planting the wildflowers in another area of the yard.
Another option you could consider would be getting a cover crop mixture that would provide different flowers. You might find these mixtures at your local nursery as well as on-line.
You can find some basic information from UC on growing cover crops at: http://ucce.ucdavis.edu/files/filelibrary/5842/25997.pdf
Note that this is a bit out-of-date in its comment about cover crop seeds being hard to find; that is no longer true. It also mentions rototilling. You can just cut the plants down and dig them in.
Here is also some information from the California Native Plant Society on planting wildflower seeds: https://www.cnpsmarin.org/native-plants/how-to/item/185-marin-cnps-sowing-wildflower-seeds
I hope that you find this information helpful. Please let us know if you have further questions.
Good luck with your winter garden!
Help Desk of the UC Master Gardener Program of Contra Costa County (ECS)
Note: The UC Master Gardeners Program of Contra Costa's Help Desk is available year-round to answer your gardening questions. Except for a few holidays, we're open every week, Monday through Thursday for walk-ins from 9:00 am to Noon at 75 Santa Barbara Road, 2d Floor, Pleasant Hill, CA 94523. We can also be reached via telephone: (925)646-6586, email: ccmg@ucanr.edu, or on the web at http://ccmg.ucanr.edu/Ask_Us/ MGCC Blogs can be found at http://ccmg.ucanr.edu/HortCoCo/ You can also subscribe to the Blog (http://ucanr.edu/blogs/CCMGBlog/)
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Advice from the Help Desk of the
UC Master Gardener Program of Contra Costa County
Help Desk Client: I've just bought a home in the County. It has an extensive garden with many different plants. I moved from Southern California where I didn't have to worry about frosts. I have Oleander, Escallonia, Breath of Heaven (Colonema pulchellum), Myrtle (Myrtus communis),
Response from the MGCC's Help Desk:
Thank you for contacting the UC MGCC's Help Desk with you question on frost protection for your landscape plants.
- Oleander can survive in temperatures down to 15-20 degrees, but even a light frost may damage developing buds and leaves which might affect flowering next season.
- Escallonia will suffer damage at 10-15 degrees, but will recover quickly.
- Breath of Heaven will do OK in light frosts, but will need protection from a hard freeze.Pittosporum can withstand brief forays down to 25 degrees.
- Myrtle is good down to 5-15 degrees.
- Lorapetalum should withstand frost, but needs protection from a hard freeze.
I think all of your plants mentioned above should tolerate frosty weather just fine, but newly planted shrubs will be at more of a risk because their root systems have not yet become established.
Some of the tools to protect your tender plants include frost cloth, sheets, blankets, lights and stakes or framework to hold covers off foliage. Frost cloth has the advantage that, because it allows light and air to penetrate, it can lay directly on foliage and can stay on the plants for a few days at a time. You can find frost cloth at a local nurseries, most home/hardware stores or online. Plastic is not usually recommended to cover your plants; plastic is not a good insulator and can cause more damage, especially if it touches the foliage. However, use of plastic over a frame could work; Ruth Bancroft Gardens in Walnut Creek uses such frames to protect their vulnerable plants.
When frosts or freezes are forecast, make sure your plants are well watered (not a worry if we've had rain recently). Cover plants before sunset to capture any heat radiating from the ground. If you use sheets or blankets instead of frost cloth, remove them the next day when the temperature gets above freezing.
Historically, Central County (Walnut Creek) averages a low of 39 degrees, but has gotten down much below that for extended periods in some years. West County usually stays warmer while East County can be similar. However, there are many microclimates throughout the County depending upon elevation, exposure, etc. so you must check out your particular situation. For example, in Walnut Creek in November 1985 it was 25 degrees; December 1990, 19 degrees; and Jan 2007 it dropped to 20 degrees. As you can see, the possibility for real cold exists, but is not likely in any one year.
Here is a link to a publication from the UC Sacramento Master Gardeners about frost protection where you will find even more information and photos of how to cover plants: http://sacmg.ucanr.edu/Frost_Protection/ , Pictures are from SacMG document.
Please let us know if you have any more questions. Stay warm!
Note: MGCC's Help Desk closed Dec 19th, 2016 through Jan 2, 2017. However, the UC Master Gardeners Program of Contra Costa's Help Desk is usually available year-round to answer your gardening questions. Except for a few holidays, we're open every week, Monday through Thursday for walk-ins from 9:00 am to Noon at 75 Santa Barbara Road, 2d Floor, Pleasant Hill, CA 94523. We can also be reached via telephone: (925) 646-6586, email: ccmg@ucanr.edu, or on the web at http://ccmg.ucanr.edu/Ask_Us/ MGCC Blogs can be found at http://ccmg.ucanr.edu/HortCoCo/ You can also subscribe to the Blog (http://ucanr.edu/blogs/CCMGBlog/).
- Author: Shannon Wolfe
One of my favorite parts about the Christmas season is getting to bring a tree into my living room. I love the smell of an evergreen tree, and having one right next to my couch can't really be beat. I am certainly not alone in my love for greenery, and for bringing some of the outside inside. In fact, ancient cultures also used greenery to symbolize good luck and ward off evil-spirits during these darkest days of the year. I enjoy learning about the winter time traditions of other cultures and how they fit into how we celebrate Christmas today. A lot of these pre-Christmas traditions focused on a whole Christmas season, and on protecting the home from evil spirits that lurked during these darkest days of the year.
The Romans decorated with greenery for the New Year and also gave each other gifts known as strenae, sprigs and green branches gathered from the sacred groves of the woodland goddess of strength and endurance, Strenia. These evergreens were symbols of good luck for the year ahead. Sweet honeyed dates, figs, or small pieces of jewelry sometimes accompanied the strenae. Children were given small gifts, such as clay figurines or bags of nuts that could also be used as game tokens. To this day, gifts during the Christmas season are known as strenna in Italy and New Year's gifts are etrenne in France.
In preparation for the Twelve Days of Christmas (the twelve days following Christmas, December 26-January 6), prickly holly was placed around windows and doors - like evergreen barbed wire - to keep the roaming evil spirits, witches, goblins and trolls from entering the home and to protect the good fairies. Every sprig of evergreen had to be removed by the Twelfth Day or else bad luck would fall upon the home. The admonition to take down evergreens at the end of the Twelve Days was also applied to Christmas trees after they were incorporated into Christmas customs.
Mistletoe, the only exception to this rule, could be left up until the start of the next Twelve Days since it was thought to protect the home from lightening and fire. Mistletoe was held in awe because it remained green all year and bore its white berry fruit in winter when the trees on which it grew seemed lifeless. In the days of the Celtic Druids, this "magical" plant was gathered on special days in accordance with the cycles of the moon and was at its peak of power after the winter solstice (December 21).