- Author: Priyanka Dhirenbhai Vyas
Where is the nearest oak tree close to 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington? How many trees are in Washington DC? When is the trash pick-up date for 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW? These are some of the questions that residents can answer using AI feature in the Open Data Portal.
ESRI's team along with its partners is testing models through which AI can be trained to search through and query data sets within the data portals of state and local government as well as within ArcGIS Hubs.
To ensure data are easy to discover, share, and can be reproduced, ESRI devoted a session on ensuring users are maintaining metadata and preparing it in a way it is ready for AI. How to ensure that AI assistance search is limited to data within the hub is something ESRI is still working on.
ESRI is working on a suite of tools to increase collaboration among teams and within community. One such feature is the Discussion Board in ArcGIS Hub. For example, when a small team working for the parks and recreation has to decide some good spots to set up picnic tables, a user can invite other members in the team to share their comments. Along similar lines, ESRI also gave considerable attention to its product Pipeline. Similar to Model Builder which works in ArcGIS Pro, Pipeline connects datasets and workflows in ArcGIS Online. ESRI's collaborative tools are also aimed at including users and databases that are not spatial in nature such as Knowledge Graphs. Knowledge graphs harness the knowledge of graph theory to bring connections between people and places and what happens when one of the nodes in the chain gets affected by an externality. Clearly, with products like knowledge graph ESRI is reaching new territories as it brings people who are working with non-spatial data also into using ArcGIS products.
ESRI's partnership with Microsoft remained in the spotlight with sessions focused on Introduction to Microsoft Fabric, ArcGIS tools available in Office 365 with Excel, SharePoint, Power BI, and Teams.
After a series of technical sessions, the crowd was eagerly waiting to watch John Nelson's and Kenneth Field's session on Map Wizardry. Even 45 minutes before the session started, participants had already started queuing up outside the ballroom. With over 500 participants, this probably was the most attended session after the plenary. Both Kenneth and John kept the audience entertained and engaged with their cutting-edge techniques on 2D cartography while Nathan Shephard amazed the crowd with his 3D maps.
With several technical sessions and user presentations, ESRI continues to keep the voracious appetite of the conference attendees to come back for Day 3 of the conference.
- Author: Patty Guerra, UC Merced
As the climate continues to change, the risks to farming are only going to increase.
That's the key takeaway from a recent paper published by a team that included UC Merced and UC Agriculture and Natural Resources researchers. The paper dives into what those challenges are, how farmers are working to address them and what should come next.
"Climate Smart Agriculture: Assessing Needs and Perceptions of California's Farmers" was first authored by Samuel Ikendi, academic coordinator, with Tapan Pathak, UC Cooperative Extension climate adaptation in agriculture specialist, as a corresponding author. Both are based at UC Merced. Pathak is also a project director of National Institute of Food and Agriculture-funded project "Multifaceted Pathways to Climate-Smart Agriculture through Participator Program Development and Delivery," which supported this study. The study appeared in the open access journal Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems.
The needs assessment was designed to understand farmers' perceptions and experiences with climate change exposures; the risk management practices they currently use; and what tools and resources would assist them in making strategic decisions.
Of the farmers surveyed, roughly two-thirds agree climate change is occurring and requires action. Even more said they are interested in learning more about the impacts of climate change on the agricultural industry. Most respondents said they experience greater climate change impacts on their farms today compared with 10 years ago.
Farmers were very concerned with water-related issues, with those in the San Joaquin Valley, Central Coast and Inland Empire areas particularly worried about a reduction in the availability of groundwater. Increased drought severity was a very significant concern among farmers in the Inland Empire, Central Coast and Southern regions. Farmers in the North Coast and Southern regions were concerned about increased damage to crops due to wildfire.
Closely related were temperature-related issues, including crop damage due to extreme heat.
Those who farm vegetables were more concerned about water availability for irrigation, while fruit farmers were more concerned about increased crop/water stress and increased crop damage due to extreme heat.
Many respondents said they are implementing climate adaptation practices including managing water resources, maintaining soil health and making more use of renewable energy sources. They are seeking insurance and government help to pay for these adaptations and increase their agricultural resilience, the researchers wrote.
The farmers expressed interest in learning more about measures they might take to mitigate climate change. But they cited significant barriers to this work, including government regulations, high implementation cost, labor access/cost, access to water and the availability of money to pay for it.
"Climate change is significantly altering California's highly diverse agricultural landscape, posing challenges such as increased water stress, heat stress, and shifting growing seasons," Pathak said. "Climate-smart agriculture practices can alleviate some of those stresses."
But, he said, research and UC Cooperative Extension efforts only have value if they lead to enhanced climate-informed decision-making at the local level.
"Assessing their level of knowledge, perception and needs will help in tailoring research and extension activities that are most relevant to farmers on the ground," Pathak said. "Results from this study could also provide important policy insights on financial incentives and technical assistance."
/h3>
- Author: Oleg Daugovish
The way the strawberry industry grows plants really makes them a subtropical plant. The industry is located along the coast from Monterrey to San Diego, with the bulk around Salinas, Santa Maria and Oxnard. Oleg Daugovish looks after this industry from our office in Ventura. He's written a story that illustrates the whole industry, from where the mother plants are grown near Mt Shasta to the fields along the coast. It's a story that every Caifornia kid should read about.
![Mt Shasta Mt Shasta](/blogs/blogcore/blogfiles/107806.png)
- Author: Priyanka Dhirenbhai Vyas
Where is the nearest oak tree close to 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW? How many trees are in Washington DC? When is the trash pick-up date for 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW? These are some of the questions that residents of Washington DC can answer using AI feature in the Open Data Portal. Although this feature is in its pilot stage, ESRI's team along with its partners is testing models through which AI can be trained to search through and query data sets within the open data portals of state and local government as well as within ArcGIS Hubs.
To ensure data are easy to discover, share, and can be reproduced, ESRI devoted a session on ensuring users are maintaining metadata and preparing it in a way that it is ready for AI. How to ensure that AI assistance search is limited to data within the hub is something ESRI is still working on.
ESRI is working on a suite of tools to increase collaboration among teams and within community. One such feature is the Discussion Board in ArcGIS Hub. For example, when a small team working for the parks and recreation has to decide some good spots to set up picnic tables, a user can invite other members in the team to share their comments. Along similar lines, ESRI also gave considerable attention to its product Pipeline. Similar to Model Builder which works in ArcGIS Pro, Pipeline connects datasets and workflows in ArcGIS Online. ESRI's collaborative tools are also aimed at including users and databases that are not spatial in nature such as Knowledge Graphs. Knowledge graphs harness the knowledge of graph theory to bring connections between people and places and what happens when one of the nodes in the chain gets affected by an externality. Clearly, with products like knowledge graph ESRI is reaching new territories as it brings people who are working with non-spatial data also into using ArcGIS products.
ESRI's partnership with Microsoft remained in the spotlight with sessions focused on Introduction to Microsoft Fabric, ArcGIS tools available in Office 365 with Excel, SharePoint, Power BI, and Teams.
After a series of technical sessions, the crowd was eagerly waiting to watch John Nelson's and Kenneth Field's session on Map Wizardry. Even 45 minutes before the session started, participants had already started queuing up outside the ballroom. With nearly 1000 participants, this probably was the most attended session after the plenary. Both Kenneth and John kept the audience entertained and engaged with their cutting-edge demonstrations of 2D cartography while Nathan Shephard amazed the crowd with his 3D maps.
With lots of interesting technical sessions and user presentations, ESRI has created a voracious appetite among the conference attendees to come back for Day 3 of the conference.
- Author: Kathy Keatley Garvey
No, as industrious as a Lepidopterist.
Specifically, as industrious and dedicated as Jeff Smith, curator of the moth and butterfly collection at the UC Davis Bohart Museum of Entomology--a collection that an international authority on Lepidoptera praised as “The Gold Standard” of Lep collections.
But more about that later.
Smith, fascinated by insects since his childhood in San Jose, considers entomology “my passion” and the Bohart Museum “my cause.”
You may remember him from back in 2015, when he received a highly competitive Friend of the College Award from the UC Davis College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences.
Lynn Kimsey, then director of the Bohart Museum and a UC Davis professor of entomology (and now distinguished professor emerita) nominated Smith for the award. “You could not ask for a better friend than Jeff Smith,” she said, noting that he has “brought us international acclaim and saved us $160,000 through donations of specimens and materials, identification skills and his professional woodworking skills. This does not include the thousands of hours he has donated in outreach programs that draw attention to the museum, the college and the university.”
Kimsey, who directed the museum for 34 years, stepping down on Feb. 1, 2024 when Professor Jason Bond accepted the position, remembers when Smith joined the museum. “When Jeff was working for Univar Environmental Services, a 35-year career until his retirement in 2013, he would spend some of his vacation days at the museum. Over the years Jeff took over more and more of the curation of the butterfly and moth collection. He took home literally thousands of field pinned specimens and spread their wings at home, bringing them back to the museum perfectly mounted. To date he has spread the wings on more than 200,000 butterflies and moths. This translates into something like 33,000 hours of work!”
We caught up with Smith the other day for an update.
A Bohart volunteer since 1998, Smith has donated some 100,000 specimens (primarily butterflies, moths but a few other insects, including beetles) to the Bohart Museum. To date, he has spread the wings of some 180,000 moth and butterflies. He has crafted and donated some 2,475 wooden specimen drawers. He is valued for his expertise and public outreach at the Bohart Museum's open houses, usually about nine in number. The open houses include UC Davis Picnic Day, UC Davis Biodiversity Museum Day, and Take-Your-Daughters-and-Sons-to-Work Day.
In addition, Smith annually presents an evening spreading class to the UC Davis Entomology Club as well as an annual presentation to Bio Boot Camp. He also speaks at 12 to 15 other venues per year, engaging students at School Science Days and in individual classrooms.
825,454 Specimens in Lep Collection. “We have 825,454 specimens of moths and butterflies,” he said, delighted to be showing the collection at the Bohart Museum's Moth Night from 7 to 11 on Saturday, July 20, in celebration of National Moth Week. “We have around 618,750 moths, ranging in size from the huge Atlas moths (10-inch wingspan) to the extremely tiny (4 mm wingspan) leafminer moths.” The event is free and family friendly.
Some of his favorite moths are in the subfamily Arctiinae. "They're called Tiger Moths because of their colors and amazing ability to resemble stinging wasps. We have a very large worldwide collection of this group.”
Worldwide, scientists have described about 18,000 species of butterflies and 180,000 species of moths, "and hundreds of newly named species are added every year," Smith said. "It's also believed that we may know of no more than 10-15 percent of the species actually out there, with the small 'micro-Lepidoptera' likely with over 90 percent of the species in the world still unknown. This emphasizes the importance of preserving natural environments so things don't go extinct before we can ever recognize their importance to the Earth and their relationships in their habitats. '
How many specimens have you spread?
“I believe I typically spread 6,000 or more moths and butterflies each year for the past 30 plus years, and at this moment, I am spreading several thousand specimens just brought back from another Belize excursion. Everything butterfly or moth that comes to the museum is handed to me to curate, label, identify, and incorporate into the collection, which I believe may now house nearly 3/4 million Lepidoptera.”
How many specimen drawers have you made?
“To date I have made and donated 2,475 drawers, and in my garage shop I am currently making another 23 as the museum suddenly became short on empty drawers. About 1/4 of the drawers have been out of repurposed redwood from old decks and fencing.
Estimated number of hours you've donated to the Bohart?
“This is difficult to say, as most of the work I do is at home (Rocklin) on a daily basis, perhaps 2 to 3 hours each day. I get into the museum once a week to put away what I've done at home, so 9 to 10 hours there as well. Even on vacations away from home I take projects to work on daily on my computer-- spreadsheets, new unit tray labels, new pull tab labels, so that adds many more hours as well, and I've been doing this for 35 years.”
Smith is an active member of the international Lepidopterists' Society (since 1967). He and his colleagues hosted the 2019 meeting of the Lepidopterists' Society in Davis.
Now, back to "The Gold Standard."
"The Gold Standard” praise came from Professor Paul Opler (1938-2023) of Colorado State University, an international authority on Lepidoptera and author of noted books on butterflies and moths, including the Peterson Field Guide to Butterflies of Eastern North America, the Peterson Field Guide to Butterflies of Western North America, Butterflies East of the Great Plains: An Illustrated Natural History, and Moths of Western North America. butterflies. Opler (who by the way, served as the first editor of American Entomologist, published by the Entomological Society of America), received his doctorate in entomology in 1970 from UC Berkeley,
“About 10 years ago, Paul spent a few days in the Bohart going through our Notodontidae collection in preparation for a revision of that family now available,” Smith recalled. Upon returning home, Opler emailed Smith: “I consider the Bohart Lepidoptera collection to be The Gold Standard to which we all should aspire.”
“That huge compliment," Smith said, "spoke to the time I have spent with this magnificent collection."
![Jeff Smith, curator of the Bohart Museum of Entomology's Lepidoptera collection, chats with visitors at an open house. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey) Jeff Smith, curator of the Bohart Museum of Entomology's Lepidoptera collection, chats with visitors at an open house. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)](/blogs/blogcore/blogfiles/107842.jpg)
![Legendary Lepidopterists Paul Opler (left) and Robert Michael Pyle, founder of the Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation, chat during the international Lepidopterist Society’s 68th annual conference (2019) that included visits to the Bohart Museum. Opler, who died last year, considered the Bohart Museum Lepidoptera collection Legendary Lepidopterists Paul Opler (left) and Robert Michael Pyle, founder of the Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation, chat during the international Lepidopterist Society’s 68th annual conference (2019) that included visits to the Bohart Museum. Opler, who died last year, considered the Bohart Museum Lepidoptera collection](/blogs/blogcore/blogfiles/107844.jpg)