Rats can contaminate our food, damage structures, and spread diseases. To help residents and urban pest professionals safely and effectively manage rats, UC IPM has updated the Pest Notes: Rats publication. This revised fact sheet is authored by UC Cooperative Extension Human-Wildlife Conflicts advisor Dr. Niamh Quinn, a recognized expert in urban rat management. Updates include additional information on rat damage, specific sanitation tactics for both Norway and roof rats, tips for rodent-proofing your home, and new illustrations to clearly show correct placement of traps. Rules and regulations regarding rodenticide use in California are constantly changing, so up-to-date information about rodenticides are summarized in tables including their availability to residents and licensed professionals.
Visit Pest Notes: Rats to learn more and register for our November webinar on rat management!
As you may know, Groundhog Day is observed on February 2nd to predict if there will be an early spring or if six more weeks of winter are in order. Groundhogs are large, ground-dwelling rodents found mainly on the East Coast that can cause severe damage to landscapes, gardens, and structures.
While California doesn't have these future-predicting rodents, the West Coast is home to groundhog relatives and look-alikes that are often considered pests in our landscapes and homes. These include other destructive, burrowing rodents like pocket gophers, ground squirrels, voles, Norway rats, and the invasive aquatic rodent, nutria.Though not rodents, moles are another burrowing animal that you may encounter in gardens and landscapes.
Burrowing animals and vertebrate pests in general are difficult to manage, especially in and around our homes and landscapes. The safest and most effective way to control these pests is by trapping, exclusion, and habitat modification.
To learn more about vertebrate pests in and around the home and garden, see UC IPM's vertebrate Pest Notes publications or visit the Wildlife Pest Identification Tool for help identifying vertebrate pests and finding management solutions.
- Author: Lauren Fordyce
You may not think about rodents such as rats, mice, or gophers until they become a pest around your home. Because rodents can be major pests in and around homes, gardens, landscapes, restaurants, and other buildings, each year pest control experts “celebrate” Rodent Awareness Week. Rodent Awareness Week (October 16-22) is an annual campaign created by the National Pest Management Association to educate the public about the potential harm associated with rats and mice. In addition to damaging structures and property, rodents can transmit diseases to humans and other animals. During the fall and winter months, rodents will seek food and shelter in homes and other buildings
Some general tips for keeping rodent pests out, include:
- Seal structural cracks and openings larger than 1/4 inch. Utilize weather stripping or door sweeps, and ensure doors and windows fit tightly. Wire screen can also be used.
- Keep food storage and garbage containers sealed.
- Remove or thin vegetation around structures. Rodents, especially house mice, will use climbing vegetation to scale buildings.
- Don't touch rodents with your bare hands. Dispose of dead rodents by placing them in plastic bags and putting them in the garbage.
- Avoid poison baits as the rodents can die in hidden places and they can be harmful to children and wildlife.
House Mice
Adult house mice can be 5 to 7 inches long with 3- to 4-inch-long tails. They are light brown to gray rodents with a characteristic musky odor. House mice are well adapted to living in close contact with humans. They are most active at night, but you can also see them during the day. Check behind boxes, in drawers, or around woodpiles for nests made of finely shredded materials. Control them by placing snap traps or glue boards in secluded areas along walls, behind objects, and in dark corners. Read the Pest Notes: House Mouse for more information.
Rats
The most troublesome rats are two introduced species, the roof rat and the Norway rat. Knowing which species is present is key in effective management. Norway rats arelarger than roof rats but usually have smaller ears and tails. When Norway rats invade buildings, they can commonly be found in the basement or ground level. They create burrows, holes in the ground, along buildings and beneath wood or garbage piles. Roof rats are excellent climbers so they can commonly be found in attics, walls, ceilings, and other elevated surfaces. They nest above ground in trees, shrubs, or dense vegetation. To learn more about rats, see the Pest Notes: Rats.
Of course, rats and mice aren't the only rodents you might find around your home and landscape. You may also encounter other rodent pests such as Voles (Meadow Mice),Deer Mouse, Gophers, Ground Squirrels, or Tree Squirrels.
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- Author: Karey Windbiel-Rojas
If you are battling with ground squirrels or tree squirrels around your home or property, join us on Thursday, May 19 at noon for UC IPM's one-hour seminar on Squirrels! Dr. Niamh Quinn, UC ANR's Human-Wildlife Interaction Advisor in Orange, Los Angeles, and San Diego counties, will share her insights on squirrel identification, biology, and management. There is still time to register and as always, our monthly webinars are free and open to the public!
https://ucanr.edu/sites/ucipm-community-webinars/
![Brownish gray adult squirrel on dirt with its tail outstretched. Brownish gray adult squirrel on dirt with its tail outstretched.](/blogs/blogcore/blogfiles/90699.jpg)
- Author: Elaine Lander
Annually on February 2, groundhogs get a lot of coverage. Groundhogs, also known as woodchucks, are burrowing rodents often found in the eastern United States. But in California, any shadows from burrowing rodents are unlikely to be a groundhog. Here in the Golden State, you will find other types of burrowing rodents including pocket gophers, ground squirrels, voles, and Norway rats. Though not rodents, moles are another burrowing animal that you may encounter in gardens and landscapes.
See the following UC IPM Pest Notes to learn more about these burrowing vertebrate pests.
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