Rootstocks
Rootstock Details by Fruit Ripening : Normal
Bailey
Other Names
Species
Prunus persica
Origin
Selected in Iowa about 1836
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Fair
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Poor
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Normal
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
Yes
Rootknot Nematode
Susceptible
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Unknown
Phytophthora
Susceptible
Armillaria
Susceptible
Crown Gall
Unknown
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Summary Comments
A standard rootstock for more northern peach growing areas because of good cold tolerance. However, it is susceptible to root-knot nematode and offers no advantages over Nemaguard.
References
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Controller 9
Other Names
P30-135
Species
Prunus salicina x Prunus persica
Origin
USDA, cross by David Ramming
Vigor
Semidwarf
Vigor Explanation
Only slightly less vigorous than Nemaguard. Makes a similar size tree, but with less water sprouts.
Waterlogging Tolerance
Unknown
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Unknown
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Normal
Flower Timing
Normal
Flower Density
Normal
Cold Hardiness
No
Rootknot Nematode
Susceptible
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Susceptible
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Unknown
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Summary Comments
Slightly dwarfing rootstock from the California breeding program that is compatible with peach and nectarine with no suckering. Trees have been productive with good fruit size. Nematode tests (Nematode Table) show root-knot and ring suseptibilty, but better resistance to lesion nematode than Nemaguard. Performed poorly in bacterial canker field site (Bacterial Canker Report 2006).
References
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Empyrean 2
Other Names
Penta
Species
Prunus domestica
Origin
Rome, Italy
Vigor
Semidwarf
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Good
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Good
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Reports from Italy state it to be compatible with plum and apricot
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Normal
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
No
Rootknot Nematode
Resistant or tolerant
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
In Europe it is reported to be partly resistant to ring nematode, but California studies (Nematode Table) have shown it to be very susceptible.
Bacterial Canker
Unknown
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Unknown
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Easily propagated by hardwood cuttings and by micropropagation
Summary Comments
This rootstock has looked promising in NC-140 trials. It has survived well and been productive. However, it is a smaller tree than reported from Italy and it appears to be very susceptible to ring nematode, so it could be highly susecptible to bacterial canker as well.
References
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Guardian
Other Names
BY520-9
Species
Prunus persica
Origin
USDA, released in 1993
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Fair
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Poor
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Normal
Flower Timing
Normal
Flower Density
Normal
Cold Hardiness
No
Rootknot Nematode
Resistant or tolerant
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Partly resistant
Nematode Explanations
Has root-knot nematode resistance, but slightly less than Nemaguard. Has greater resistance to ring nematode than Nemaguard and is thus less susceptible to bacterial canker.
Bacterial Canker
Resistant or tolerant
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Susceptible
Crown Gall
Unknown
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Seed propagated
Summary Comments
Similar to Nemaguard in many ways but is substantially less susceptible to bacterial canker and Peach Tree Short Life, and is thus widely planted in southeastern USA.
References
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Lovell
Other Names
Species
Prunus persica
Origin
California, selected about 1882
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Fair
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Poor
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Good
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Normal
Flower Timing
Normal
Flower Density
Normal
Cold Hardiness
No
Rootknot Nematode
Susceptible
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Partly resistant
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Resistant or tolerant
Phytophthora
Susceptible
Armillaria
Susceptible
Crown Gall
Susceptible
Disease Explanations
One of the better rootstocks in terms of resistance to bacterial canker.
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Seed propagated
Summary Comments
Has been a standard peach rootstock for many years, but now is not widely used in California because of root-knot nematode susceptibility.
References
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Nemaguard
Other Names
FV 234-1
Species
Prunus persica (originally thought to also have Prunus davidiana, but molecular studies indicate it is primarily P. persica)
Origin
USDA in 1959
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Fair
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Poor
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Good
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Normal
Flower Timing
Normal
Flower Density
Normal
Cold Hardiness
No
Rootknot Nematode
Resistant or tolerant
Lesion Nematode
Partly resistant
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Susceptible
Phytophthora
Partly resistant
Armillaria
Susceptible
Crown Gall
Partly resistant
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Seed propagated
Summary Comments
Main rootstock used in California because it is resistant to root-knot nematode and is compatible with peach, nectarine and plum. It makes a vigorous, productive tree with good fruit size. However, it does not tolerate waterlogged or calcareous soils and is susceptible to many soil pests including ring nematode, bacterial canker and armillaria.
References
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Nemared
Other Names
Species
Prunus persica
Origin
USDA, released in 1983
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Waterlogging Tolerance
Poor
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Poor
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Good
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Normal
Flower Timing
Normal
Flower Density
Normal
Cold Hardiness
No
Rootknot Nematode
Resistant or tolerant
Lesion Nematode
Susceptible
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Susceptible
Phytophthora
Partly resistant
Armillaria
Susceptible
Crown Gall
Partly resistant
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Seed propagated
Summary Comments
Very similar to Nemaguard in most ways, except it has red leaves.
References
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Siberian C
Other Names
Species
Prunus persica
Origin
Ontario Canada in 1967
Vigor
Standard
Vigor Explanation
Same vigor as Nemaguard in 1984 NC-140 trial
Waterlogging Tolerance
Poor
Waterlogging Explanation
Calcareous Soil Tolerance
Poor
Compatibility with Peach and Nectarine
Good
Compatibility with Plum
Unknown
Suckering
Little or none
Explanations for calcareous soil tolerance - compatiblities - suckering
Drought Tolerance
Unknown
Anchorage
Good
Precocity
Precocious
Fruit Ripening
Normal
Flower Timing
Unknown
Flower Density
Unknown
Cold Hardiness
Yes
Rootknot Nematode
Susceptible
Lesion Nematode
Susceptible
Ring Nematode
Susceptible
Nematode Explanations
Bacterial Canker
Susceptible
Phytophthora
Unknown
Armillaria
Unknown
Crown Gall
Susceptible
Disease Explanations
Other Diseases
Availability from Nurseries
Propagation Methods
Summary Comments
Selected in Canada for cold hardiness, but susceptible to nematodes and soil diseases.
References
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