- Author: Alexa Erickson
- Contact: Tuline N Baykal
- Contributor: Max Fairbee
CalFresh Healthy Living, UCCE and Master Gardeners in Alameda County promote healthy people and communities: Working with South County Homeless Project residents to grow fresh vegetables in a therapeutic green space.
The Issue
California has one of the highest populations of unhoused people in the nation - 44 out of every 10,000 people do not have stable housing. Being unhoused is strongly tied to food insecurity, including a lack of access to fresh foods and preferred fruits and vegetables. South County Homeless Project is a 24-bed residence for individuals experiencing homelessness. Residents stay from three months to a year and receive support in finding employment and permanent housing. The residence is equipped with a therapeutic garden space, but at the beginning of 2023, it had been overgrown after years of disuse.
How UC Delivers
When Alameda County CalFresh Healthy Living, UCCE decided to restart their adult garden nutrition programming, the neglected garden space at South County Homeless Project presented itself as a great place to start. A nutrition educator who had provided nutrition classes at the site for nearly six years led the collaboration to renovate the large garden onsite. Invaluable support for the garden came from Alameda County Master Gardener's (ACMG) Community Garden Team, who designed the garden and enlisted volunteers to evaluate and amend the existing soil. CFHL, UCCE supplied soil while ACMG provided seedlings. Master Gardeners also lent their expertise to the residents with the workshop, “Gardening Basics”. The nutrition educator, residents, and ACMG volunteers worked together to plant the garden. The team planted 19 varieties of vegetables, fruits, and herbs. As the garden grew, nutrition classes continued with the curriculum, “Fresh from the Garden.” Food from the garden was harvested regularly and enjoyed fresh by residents and incorporated by the chef into house meals.
"One of the chef's used the zucchini in the pasta sauce, it was so good! I didn't really know you could use it that way!" -Resident
The Impact
Residents and staff completed a brief written questionnaire. Ten residents participated in the “Fresh from the Garden” classes at the time of the garden renovations. New residents take part in ongoing garden education, and many residents and staff have increased their use of the space. Those who participated in gardening reported benefits such as learning new ways of preparing and eating local, seasonal vegetables and increased acceptance or awareness of different produce. The food grown in the garden was among the most popular benefits of the garden; the staff chef said that they were able to incorporate many vegetables from the garden into house meals. Residents and staff also stated that being in the garden helped reduce stress and that it was nice to spend time in a peaceful space.
"(The garden) relaxes me from stress. I love the garden." -Resident gardener
The transformation of the yard into a peaceful green space will continue to benefit current and future residents. Those who choose to garden can experience the physical and mental benefits of gardening, such as increased strength and social connection. For residents not interested in or unable to participate in gardening, simply spending time in a green space can have many positive effects on well-being. And by involving residents in planning what vegetables and fruits are planted, they can regain agency over food choice that is often lacking when experiencing homelessness. Overall, the garden renovation and classes connect to the UC ANR public value of promoting healthy people and communities and the condition change "improved community health and wellness" as well as "improved access to positive built and natural environments".
Currently, in April 2024, the garden beds are being prepped and planted with a new group of residents. Seedlings will be planted in April and May. Looking forward, the goals for the garden include adding irrigation to make maintenance much easier. Garden organizers hope to host a Master Food Preservers workshop to help residents learn to process and store produce. Given the success of South County Homeless Project's garden, the CFHL team hopes to bring gardens to similar sites throughout the county as part of the program's adult and senior garden initiative. Another longer-term goal of the initiative is to develop a certificate or training program where residents can receive credits for working in the garden.
"I love the garden and when the cook cooks the vegetables, they taste amazing. I am thankful for this garden and for having the CalFresh Healthy Living team...thank you." -Resident gardener
References
- Thompson R. (2018). Gardening for health: a regular dose of gardening. Clinical medicine (London, England), 18(3), 201–205. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6334070/
- Easton, Corinna, et al. "The experience of food insecurity during and following homelessness in high-income countries: A systematic review and meta-aggregation." Health & Social Care in the Community 30.6 (2022): e3384-e3405. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/hsc.13939
- The 2022 Annual Homelessness Assessment Report (AHAR) to Congress. Department of Housing and Urban Development Data. https://www.huduser.gov/portal/sites/default/files/pdf/2022-AHAR-Part-1.pdf
What can you do with a plot of land that's empty and full of weeds? Plant a garden and start composting with your neighbors! St. Timothy's Episcopal Church in Gridley, with the help of generous grants from the Episcopal Foundation of Northern California and California Alliance for Community Composting, has transformed the lot next door to the church at 450 Jackson Street into a garden and composting center for the community: a place to grow food or learn how to garden, a drop-off site for compostable kitchen scraps, and a peaceful outdoor space for people to enjoy.
The idea for a community garden at St. Timothy's began back in 2015 with the Gridley Community Roots Garden, which closed in 2018. In addition to the individual garden plots for rent, the church's relaunch of the garden includes a teaching garden which doubles as growing space for food to give away to the community, a children's garden and mud kitchen (for messy outdoor play), an outdoor sink and potting area, and of course shaded seating and pleasant surroundings for those who gather.
The composting program at the garden is expanding thanks to a grant from California Alliance for Community Composting (CACC) funded by CalRecycle. St. Timothy's currently composts about 75 pounds of kitchen scraps weekly, with the capacity (and goal) to triple that amount, significantly reducing the amount of organic waste going to the landfill. All compost produced at the garden will be used in the garden or shared with those who donate kitchen scraps.
To sign up to bring kitchen scraps to The Garden at St. Timothy's, go to Butte Environmental Council - Composting and scroll down to find the links to Gridley. When you sign up, you can request a complimentary 5-gallon bucket with a lid.
With faith that the grant funds would come through, St. Timothy's began preparations for the garden in July 2022: cutting weeds and clearing rubbish, grading and leveling the ground and solarizing the soil to kill weeds. The church paid for a new chain link fence on the alley side of the garden.
By the fall of 2022, volunteers were digging trenches, repairing existing piping, and installing new in-ground irrigation pipe and sprinkler valves for the watering system. Old lumber left over from the first garden was repurposed to build a potting bench, outdoor sink, and mud kitchen for children.
In March of 2023, new redwood was purchased to construct the garden beds, and many volunteers showed up to tackle the job of filling the beds with soil and compost. Pathways between beds were covered with donated wood chips.
The newest addition to the garden is an 8' x 16' greenhouse that is currently under construction. Other plans include comfortable benches and a small fountain at the center of the garden, espaliered fruit trees, a rainwater recovery system, and a redwood deck at the front garden entrance.
You don't need to be an experienced gardener to get started at St. Timothy's. There are lots of resources and support (everything from tools to seeds), as well as guidance from UC Master Gardeners of Butte County! A recent seed-starting event at the garden attracted a friendly mix of new and experienced gardeners and volunteers who had fun planting seeds in flats (for transplanting outside later this spring). Other recent events included free public talks about composting and the 1,000 Acres More program by Amy Roseman of Butte County Local Food Network.
Butte County Local Food Network has donated a “Free the Food” stand to The Garden at St. Timothy's, so that gardeners can share their produce with the community, and the community can bring food to share with others as well: fresh, whole vegetables and fruits are welcome. The food stand will soon be located in front of the church at 410 Jackson Street.
The Garden at St. Timothy's is growing, thanks to the many gardeners, volunteers, and other folks who have provided ideas, effort, enthusiasm and support. There's plenty of room in the garden and it's always open…come and take a look!
The Master Gardeners' Spring Workshop Series has begun! There will be 15 more workshops on a variety of topics (including composting) between now and May 22. For information about the workshops, and to register, go to our website. All workshops are free, but registration is required.
UC Master Gardeners of Butte County are part of the University of California Cooperative Extension (UCCE) system. To learn more about us and our upcoming events, and for help with gardening in our area visit our website. If you have a gardening question or problem, email the Hotline at mgbutte@ucanr.edu or leave a phone message on our Hotline at 530-552-5812. To speak to a Master Gardener about a gardening issue, or to drop by the MG office during Hotline hours, see the most current information on our Ask Us section of our website.
![Photo of Anna with her young daughter. Photo of Anna with her young daughter.](http://ucanr.edu/blogs/StanislausSprout/blogfiles/94834.jpg)
![Photo of the entrance into Turlock Community Gardens. Photo of the entrance into Turlock Community Gardens.](http://ucanr.edu/blogs/StanislausSprout/blogfiles/94844.jpg)
![Rainbow colored bench. Rainbow colored bench.](/blogs/blogcore/blogfiles/94842.jpg)
![Aphids and ladybugs. Aphids and ladybugs.](/blogs/blogcore/blogfiles/94843.jpg)
![Native plant going dormant. Native plant going dormant.](/blogs/blogcore/blogfiles/94845.jpg)
Have you heard of SB 1383? If you haven't, you probably will soon because the regulations just took effect on January 1, 2022. I learned about this law through my involvement in community composting and collaboration with the City of Rancho Cucamonga Environmental Programs. Six months ago, I couldn't even have told you that SB stands for Senate Bill. The information I share here comes from CalRecycle website. It contains a wealth of resources on the regulations, waste collection and recycling, food recovery, education and outreach, and more.
What is SB 1383 all about? This groundbreaking legislation is a state-wide effort to reduce short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs). SLCPs such as methane, black carbon, tropospheric (ground level) ozone, and hydrofluorocarbons remain in the atmosphere for a shorter time than carbon dioxide but have a much stronger warming effect. Therefore, reducing SLCPs has the potential to significantly slow global climate change in the near term. For more details, see the California Air Resources Board website.
In addition to organic waste reduction, SB 1383 requires a 20 percent increase in edible food recovery to reduce food insecurity, a problem that has worsened during the pandemic. About one in five Californians are food insecure. In 2018, CalRecycle conducted a waste characterization study that showed more than six million tons of food end up in landfills every year. By diverting edible food from landfills, food recovery organizations such as food banks, food pantries, and soup kitchens can provide food to people in need.
One of the jurisdiction responsibilities specified by SB 1383 is to provide organics collection services to all residents and businesses. In this context, a jurisdiction may be a city, county, city and county, or special district that collects solid waste. Jurisdictions can choose a collection option that works best for their community; so you may see some changes to your current system.
Waste collection services may utilize one, two, three, or more color-coded containers. For example, a three-container, source-separated collection service uses a blue container for recyclables such as paper, plastic, and glass; a green container for compostables such as food and garden waste; and a black container for the remaining landfill waste. One and two-container services mix waste, which is later sorted by a facility that recovers at least 75 percent of the organics. Jurisdictions are also required to educate residents and businesses about collection requirements and how to sort materials into the correct container.
As a Master Gardener and environmental educator, I've been thinking about how SB 1383 will impact school and community gardens, and I believe most of the effects will be positive. The law presents a great opportunity to start composting organic waste in gardens and educating students and community members about the environmental benefits. Businesses such as grocery stores and restaurants may be more likely to donate organics for composting because they can no longer throw them in the dumpster. Free compost may be more readily available because each jurisdiction is required to procure a certain amount of compost for use in the community. The infrastructure developed for edible food recovery should make it easier for gardens to share excess produce. I look forward to seeing how school and community gardens contribute to future composting, recycling, and recovery efforts.
Do you want to learn more about SB 1383? The UCCE Master Gardeners of San Bernardino is offering two opportunities. The first is a brief overview presentation during the School and Community Gardening Collaborative Workshop on Saturday, January 29th, starting at 9 am. The workshop will be presented live on Zoom, and the presentation videos will be uploaded to the UCCE San Bernardino YouTube channel. The second opportunity is a longer Zoom class on February 11th at 3 pm. You can register for the workshop and the class on the UCCE Master Gardeners of San Bernardino website under Classes & Events.
- Author: Deborah Schnur
Debbie Schnur, UCCE San Bernardino County Master Gardener and Community Education Specialist
When I lived in Minnesota, fall was my least favorite time of year. It wasn't that I didn't appreciate the changing colors of the leaves or the crisp fall air. I just dreaded the coming winter with its barrage of snowstorms and minus 30 degree wind chills. By the time December arrived, the sun set at 4:30 pm, and I felt like I was living in constant twilight.
Since I moved to southern California, I actually look forward to fall and the changes the season brings to the inland valleys–strong Santa Ana winds, refreshing rains, cooler days and even cooler nights, and leaves gradually turning subtle shades of brown, gold, and orange. Fall actually feels like a relief from the long, hot, dry summer. It's time to plant lettuce, spinach, peas, radishes, carrots, broccoli, and cauliflower once again, and worry less about watering and maintenance.
One thing I've been thinking about a lot lately is composting. When I was a FoodCorps service member at Phelan Elementary, my students used to call me “Ms. Debbie the Garden Lady”. Now I'm becoming known as “Ms. Debbie the Compost Lady”! Not everyone is as excited as I am about composting, but I can't think of a better way to build community while building soil. In October, I gave an online presentation for the San Bernardino Master Gardeners titled “Composting for School and Community Gardens”. If you missed it, you can watch the video on the UCCE San Bernardino YouTube channel. The presentation covers the basics of composting and development of the Root 66 Community Garden composting systems.
The main difference between backyard composting and school and community composting is scale. More compost means a bigger composting system and more people to manage it. As stated in the Institute for Local Self-Reliance report, Community Composting Done Right, “the distinguishing feature of community composting is retaining organic materials as a community asset and scaling systems to meet the needs of a self-defined community while engaging, empowering, and educating the community.”
Although larger scale composting requires additional planning and organization, it can be a tremendously rewarding project for everyone involved. The main steps to begin composting include setting goals, identifying a team, developing a management plan, selecting and designing a site, and choosing a system. Once composting is underway, the focus shifts to collecting and managing the materials and managing the process and site. Connecting with experienced composters to share best practices will increase your chances of success. There's a wealth of composting expertise in the Inland Empire!
You may be wondering if it's a good idea to start composting in the fall or winter, and the answer is yes. Any time is a good time. As temperatures dip, simply insulate your compost pile with browns such as mulch or leaves to keep the interior warm. You can also cover the pile with a tarp and turn it less often (if at all). The decomposition process may slow down but will continue throughout the winter.
A new composting project I want to highlight is the Green Ambassadors program at Captain Leland F. Norton Elementary School in San Bernardino. The principal, Elizabeth Cochrane-Benoit, and I met during Master Gardener training and worked together to build the composting system at the Root 66 Garden this past year. Norton Elementary has been recognized as a 2021 California Green Ribbon School at the Silver level and is aiming to reach the Green Achievers level. The Green Ribbon Schools Awards Program honors achievement in reducing environmental impact, improving health and wellness, and providing effective environmental education.
Sixth grade students in the Green Ambassadors program are learning how to audit their cafeteria waste and sort it into recycling, compost, and trash bins. Once they've mastered the process, they'll teach it to the rest of the school. The Community Composting for Green Spaces program (funded by CalRecycle) will help transfer the food waste in the compost bins to local gardens for composting. At a recent lunchtime audit, the fourth and sixth grade classes filled a 17-gallon container with uneaten food. I can't wait to see how much waste Norton Elementary teachers and students divert from landfills in the coming months!
What gardening and environmental projects do you have planned this fall and winter? Do you need support? If so, contact me at dschnur@ucanr. Happy composting!