Everything You Need to Know About Mulch
What is mulch?
Mulch is material placed on top of soil to cover and protect it, improve soil structure and fertility, and enhance the area’s overall appearance. Mulching mimics the natural environment found in forests where leaves and branches blanket the soil surface, replenishing nutrients as they decompose and creating an ideal environment for root growth.
Why use mulch?
The benefits of using mulch are many:
- Conserves moisture by slowing evaporation
- Moderates soil temperature
- Impedes growth of weeds
- Helps reduce erosion
- Adds organic matter as it breaks down
- Improves soil structure, fertility, and aeration
- Increases water absorption and retention
- Prevents soil compaction by reducing foot and vehicle traffic
- Makes surface areas more attractive
Types of Mulch Materials
There are three distinct groups of mulch materials - organic, inorganic, and synthetic.
| Organic mulches | These are derived from materials that were once alive. Can improve soil conditions as they decompose and are often inexpensive or free. |
| Inorganic mulches | These are naturally occurring, but not from living sources, mostly rock. Inorganic mulches do not decompose to improve soil organic matter and usually must be purchased. |
| Synthetic mulches | These mulches are manufactured. Synthetic mulches may decompose but do not improve soil organic matter and must be purchased. |
Although not technically considered mulches, landscape fabrics are often used as a barrier between the soil and mulches.
Compare mulches:
To learn more about specific materials, see this chart with benefits and concerns about mulch materials.